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Chapter 1 Section 1
Planet of Life
• Earth is one of the nine planets in the solar system.
• Earth is the third planet from the sun.• Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are known
as the inner planets and are made mostly of rock.
• The other five planets are the outer planets and are made of mostly gases, with the exception of Pluto, which is rocky like the inner planets.
• Earth is the only planet to support life or living things called organisms.
• The lithosphere is the layer of land that forms Earth’s surface and includes rocks, soil, and sand.
• The hydrosphere includes all the parts of the Earth that are made up of water and includes oceans, lakes, rivers and underground water and clouds in the air.
• The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth.
• One of the most important reasons Earth can support life is the presence of liquid water.
• Although water exists elsewhere in the solar system, it is usually in the form of ice or vapor.
• On Earth, liquid water in the hydrosphere stores heat.
• Water absorbs heat during warm periods and releases it during cold periods.
• Another reason Earth is able to support life is its atmosphere.
• Air is a mixture of gases, including nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.
• Most organisms require oxygen to use energy.
• Plants require carbon dioxide to help capture and store energy from the sun.
• Almost all energy used by organisms comes from the sun and travels in the form of waves.
• Each type of wave has a different range of wavelengths.
• Most waves are invisible.
• Waves in narrow range of wavelengths, called the visible spectrum, can be seen by the human eye.
• Interactions among living and nonliving parts of the Earth are the subject of ecology.
• Ecology is the study of Earth, the home of living organisms.