UNITY IN DIVERSITY MARS VS EARTH (WHATS THE BIG DEAL?!?)
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UNITY IN DIVERSITY WHAT IS SCIENCE? AN ORGANIZED WAY OF LOOKING
AT THE WORLD AND EXPLAINING OBSERVABLE PHENOMENA WHAT DO WE OBSERVE
IS THE PHENOMENA BETWEEN MARS AND EARTH? LIFE VS. NO LIFE BIOLOGY
IS THE BRANCH OF SCIENCE THAT ATTEMPTS TO EXPLAIN LIFE
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UNITY IN DIVERSITY BIOLOGY THE STUDY OF LIVING THINGS
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UNITY IN DIVERSITY IN ORDER TO FULLY UNDERSTAND BIOLOGY, WE
MUST UNDERSTAND THE FOLLOWING AS THE FOUNDATIONAL PRINCIPLES OF
BIOLOGY HOW TO DEFINE LIFE HOW TO USE SCIENCE IN EXPLAINING
BIOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES (HOW TO THINK LIKE A SCIENTIST) HOW TO
ORGANIZE LIFE INTO MANAGEABLE TOPICS/GROUPS OF STUDY
(CLASSIFICATION)
Slide 7
UNITY IN DIVERSITY WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE ALIVE?? THERE IS NO
EASY ANSWER/DEFINITION TO THIS QUESTIONSO WHAT CAN WE DO TO FIGURE
OUT IF SOMETHING IS ALIVE??
Slide 8
UNITY IN DIVERSITY WE DEFINE SOMETHING AS BEING ALIVE (AN
ORGANISM) IF IT HAS THE FOLLOWING CHARACTERISTICS: LIVING THINGS
ARE HIGHLY ORGANIZED AND CONTAIN MANY COMPLEX CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES
LIVING THINGS ARE MADE UP OF ONE OR MORE CELLS LIVING THINGS USE
ENERGY LIVING THINGS HAVE A DEFINITE FORM AND A LIMITED SIZE LIVING
THINGS HAVE A LIMITED LIFE SPAN LIVING THINGS GROW LIVING THINGS
RESPOND TO CHANGES IN THE ENVIRONMENT LIVING THINGS ARE ARE ABLE TO
REPRODUCE GROUPS OF LIVING THINGS CHANGE OVER TIME (EVOLUTION)
Slide 9
UNITY IN DIVERSITY SAY HELLO TO THE EBOLA VIRUS IS IT ALIVE??
DOES IT MEET ALL THE CRITERIA MENTIONED PREVIOUSLY??
Slide 10
UNITY IN DIVERSITY WE DEFINE SOMETHING AS BEING ALIVE (AN
ORGANISM) IF IT HAS THE FOLLOWING CHARACTERISTICS: LIVING THINGS
ARE HIGHLY ORGANIZED AND CONTAIN MANY COMPLEX CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES -
CHECK LIVING THINGS ARE MADE UP OF ONE OR MORE CELLS - CHECK LIVING
THINGS USE ENERGY - CHECK LIVING THINGS HAVE A DEFINITE FORM AND A
LIMITED SIZE - CHECK LIVING THINGS HAVE A LIMITED LIFE SPAN - CHECK
LIVING THINGS GROW - CHECK LIVING THINGS RESPOND TO CHANGES IN THE
ENVIRONMENT - CHECK LIVING THINGS ARE ARE ABLE TO REPRODUCE
FAIL!!
Slide 11
UNITY IN DIVERSITY NON-LIVING THINGS MAY EXHIBIT SOME OF THE
CHARACTERISTICS LISTED, BUT UNLESS ALL OF THEM ARE PRESENTIT IS
CONSIDERED A NONLIVING THING
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UNITY IN DIVERSITY ANOTHER WAY TO DETERMINE IF SOMETHING IS
LIVING IS IF IT PERFORMS ALL OF THE LIFE PROCESSES
Slide 13
UNITY IN DIVERSITY LIFE PROCESSES = H.N.T.R.S.G.E.R.M.R.
(HUNTERS GERMER)
Slide 14
UNITY IN DIVERSITY H = HOMEOSTASIS N = NUTRITION T = TRANSPORT
R = RESPIRATION S = SYNTHESIS G = GROWTH E = EXCRETION R =
REGULATION M = METABOLISM R = REPRODUCTION
Slide 15
UNITY IN DIVERSITY HOMEOSTASIS MAINTAINING A STABLE INTERNAL
ENVIRONMENT FEEDBACK MECHANISMS
Slide 16
UNITY IN DIVERSITY NUTRITION TAKING MATERIALS FROM THE EXTERNAL
ENVIRONMENT AND TURNING THEM INTO FORMS YOU CAN USE AUTOTROPHIC VS.
HETEROTROPHIC INGESTION VS. DIGESTION VS. EGESTION
Slide 17
UNITY IN DIVERSITY TRANSPORT THE PROCESS BY WHICH SUBSTANCES
ENTER AND LEAVE CELLS AND BECOME DISTRIBUTED WITHIN THE CELLS
*CIRCULATORY SYSTEM* SPECIALIZED SYSTEM TO ALLOW FOR TRANSPORT
Slide 18
UNITY IN DIVERSITY RESPIRATION BREATHING VS. CELLULAR
RESPIRATION AEROBIC VS. ANAEROBIC
Slide 19
UNITY IN DIVERSITY SYNTHESIS COMBINING SIMPLE SUBSTANCES TO
FORM LARGER, MORE COMPLEX SUBSTANCES
Slide 20
UNITY IN DIVERSITY GROWTH PROCESS BY WHICH ORGANISMS INCREASE
IN SIZE (EITHER # OF CELLS, OR SIZE OF CELL)
Slide 21
UNITY IN DIVERSITY EXCRETION THE REMOVAL OF METABOLIC
WASTES
Slide 22
UNITY IN DIVERSITY REGULATION ALL THE ACTIVITIES THAT HELP AN
ORGANISM MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS A.K.A RESPONSE
Slide 23
UNITY IN DIVERSITY METABOLISM ALL THE CHEMICAL REACTIONS (RxNS)
THAT OCCUR IN THE BODY
Slide 24
UNITY IN DIVERSITY REPRODUCTION THE PROCESS BY WHICH LIVING
THINGS PRODUCE NEW ORGANISMS OF THEIR OWN KIND ASEXUAL VS. SEXUAL
*ONLY PROCESS THAT IS NOT NECESSARY FOR INDIVIDUAL*
Slide 25
UNITY IN DIVERSITY ALWAYS REMEMBER H.N.T.R.S.G.E.R.M.R
Slide 26
UNITY IN DIVERSITY NEXT TIME WE TALK ABOUT WHY I, AND YOU, LOVE
SCIENCE LEARN TO THINK, AND ACT, LIKE A SCIENTIST
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BIOLOGY AS A SCIENCE
Slide 28
THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD THE UNIVERSAL SCIENTIFIC APPROACH TO
PROBLEM- SOLVING
Slide 29
BIOLOGY AS A SCIENCE IDENTIFY THE PROBLEM A SCIENTIFIC PROBLEM
IS PHRASED IN THE FORM OF A QUESTION EXAMPLE?? FORMULATE A
HYPOTHESIS A HYPOTHESIS IS AN EDUCATED GUESS (*POSSIBLE
EXPLANATION*) IF, THEN STATEMENT NEVER IN THE FORM OF A
QUESTION!!!!! EXAMPLE???
Slide 30
BIOLOGY AS A SCIENCE TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENTATION
SCIENTISTS WILL SET UP A SITUATION WHERE A PARTICULAR OBSERVATION
CAN BE MADE OFTEN SCIENTISTS USE CONTROLLED EXPERIMENTS TWO, OR
MORE, EXPERIMENTS ARE SET UP WHERE ONLY A SINGLE FACTOR IS
DIFFERENT BETWEEN THEM THAT SINGLE FACTOR IS CALLED A VARIABLE
Slide 31
BIOLOGY AS A SCIENCE CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT CONTROL GROUP VS.
EXPERIMENTAL GROUP
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BIOLOGY AS A SCIENCE THE PLACEBO EFFECT
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BIOLOGY AS A SCIENCE OBSERVE AND RECORD DATA ANALYZE DATA DRAW
CONCLUSIONS RETEST / RETEST / RETEST / RETEST / RETEST / RETEST /
RETEST / RETEST / RETEST / RETEST SCIENTIFIC THEORIES EXPLANATIONS
THAT APPLY TO A BROAD RANGE OF PHENOMENA AND THAT ARE SUPPORTED BY
EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE SCIENTIFIC LAWS A STATEMENT THAT DESCRIBES
SOME ASPECT OF A PHENOMENA THAT IS ALWAYS TRUENOT AN
EXPLANATION!!!
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BIOLOGY AS A SCIENCE SI SYSTEM
Slide 35
BIOLOGY AS A SCIENCE TOOLS OF THE BIOLOGIST THE LIGHT
MICROSCOPE THE SIMPLE MICROSCOPE THE COMPOUND MICROSCOPE THE
PHASE-CONTRAST MICROSCOPE THE STEREOMICROSCOPE THE ELECTRON
MICROSCOPE LABORATORY TECHNIQUES CENTRIFUGATION MICRODISSECTION
CHROMATOGRAPHY ELECTROPHORESIS SPECTROPHOTOMETERS
Slide 36
BIOLOGY AS A SCIENCE THE LIGHT MICROSCOPE MAGNIFICATION VS.
RESOLUTION
Slide 37
BIOLOGY AS A SCIENCE PHASE-CONTRAST MICROSCOPES
Slide 38
BIOLOGY AS A SCIENCE STEREOMICROSCOPES HELPFUL TO SEE EXTERIOR
SURFACES, USUALLY PROVIDES A MORE 3-D IMAGE
Slide 39
BIOLOGY AS A SCIENCE ELECTRON MICROSCOPES TRANSMISSION VS
SCANNING 1,000,000x MAGNIFACTION, BUT
Slide 40
BIOLOGY AS A SCIENCE ELECTRON MICROSCOPES TRANSMISSION VS
SCANNING 1,000,000x MAGNIFACTION, BUT
Slide 41
BIOLOGY AS A SCIENCE LABORATORY TECHNIQUES CENTRIFUGATION
CHROMATOGRAPHY ELECTROPHORESIS
Slide 42
BIOLOGY AS A SCIENCE LETS KEEP LEARNINGSO YOU ARE ALL SMART
ENOUGH TO AVOID DOING
Slide 43
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS
Slide 44
ABOUT HOW MANY LIVING THINGS EXIST ON EARTH? 1.5 MILLION KNOWN
ORGANISMS THOUSANDS MORE IDENTIFIED EACH YEAR ABOUT 10 MILLION
DIFFERENT ORGANISMS BELIEVED TO EXIST ON EARTH
Slide 45
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS WITH SO MANY DIFFERENT LIVING
THINGS, IT IS ESSENTIAL FOR SCIENTISTS TO ORGANIZE THEM TO MAKE IT
EASIER TO SHARE, AND STUDY, INFORMATION ABOUT LIVING THINGS
Slide 46
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS THE BRANCH OF BIOLOGY THAT
DEALS WITH CLASSIFICATION (GROUPING) AND NAMING LIVING THINGS IS
CALLED TAXONOMY
Slide 47
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS WHY ORGANIZE??
Slide 48
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS EARLY CLASSIFICATION
SYSTEM
Slide 49
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS MODERN CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
BASED UPON THE WORK OF CAROLUS LINNAEUS ISNT HE A HOTTIE?!?!?
Slide 50
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS IF YOU WERE TO GROUP THINGS
TOGETHER, WHAT WOULD YOU USE? LINNAEUS GROUPED THINGS BASED ON
PHYSICAL(STRUCTURAL) SIMILARITY DIFFERENT LEVELS OF GROUPS WERE
CREATED TO DEMONSTRATE VARIOUS LEVELS OF SIMILARITY
Slide 51
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS TAXONOMIC CATEGORIES K INGS P
LAY C HESS O N F LAT G LASS S QUARES
Slide 52
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS
Slide 53
A BONUS OF THIS CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM IS THAT IT LED TO A
SIMPLE METHOD FOR NOMENCLATURE = NAMING SYSTEM BINOMIAL
NOMENCLATURE
Slide 54
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE TWO NAME
NAMING SYSTEM TWO NAMES COME FROM THE GENUS AND SPECIES GROUPS OF
CLASSIFICATION SCIENTIFIC NAME WHY IS THIS SO IMPORTANT??
Slide 55
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS WHAT MAKES LIVING THINGS THE
SAME SPECIES? SPECIES A POPULATION OF ORGANISMS THAT IS ABLE TO
REPRODUCE WITH EACH OTHER AND PRODUCE FERTILE OFFSPRING
Slide 56
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS MODERN TAXONOMICAL PRINCIPLES
STRUCTURAL INFORMATION BIOCHEMICAL INFORMATION CYTOLOGICAL
INFORMATION EMBRYOLOGICAL INFORMATION BEHAVIORAL INFORMATION FOSSIL
INFORMATION
Slide 57
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS MAJOR TAXONOMICAL GROUPS
Slide 58
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS KINGDOM MONERA PROKARYOTES
ARCHAEBACTERIA VS. EUBACTERIA KINGDOM PROTISTA EUKARYOTE AMEBA
PARAMECIUM EUGLENA
Slide 59
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS KINGDOM FUNGI EUKARYOTES
HETEROTROPH CELL WALL KINGDOM PLANTS EUKARYOTES AUTOTROPH CELL
WALL
Slide 60
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS KINGDOM ANIMALS EUKARYOTES
HETEROTROPH REPRESENTATIVE ORGANISMS HYDRA EARTHWORM GRASSHOPPER
HUMAN
Slide 61
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS WITH GROUPS MADE, SCIENTISTS
USE TAXONOMIC KEYS TO CLASSIFY ORGANISMS
Slide 62
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS CLASSIFICATION / GROUPING
ALLOWS US TO ORGANIZE HOW WE STUDY BIOLOGY LIFES HIERARCHY
Slide 63
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS LIFES HIERARCHY GIVES US A
PLACE TO START DISCUSSING THE SPECIFICS OF HOW LIFE WORKS SO LETS
GET TO IT!!!