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Chapter 1Chapter 1What Engineers DoWhat Engineers Do
In This Course You Will StudyIn This Course You Will StudyThe role of engineers and engineering technologistsForce, motion, energy, fuels, and enginesLogic and computing systemsThe elements of engineering designEngineering economicsAnd much, much more!
Exploring Engineering
Aerospace Ceramic Electrical Mechanical Petroleum
Agricultural Chemical Environmental Metallurgical Sanitary
Architectural Civil Geological Mining Systems
Automotive Computer Manufacturing Nuclear Textile
Biomedical Ecological Marine Ocean Transportation
Engineers can be classified according to the kind of work they do—administration, construction, consulting, design, development, teaching, planning, production, research, sales, service, and test engineers. Because engineering deals with the world around us, the number of engineering disciplines is very large. The table below lists some of the many engineering fields.
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Engineering technology is the profession in which a knowledge of mathematics and natural sciences gained by higher education, experience, and practice is devoted primarily to the implementation and extension of existing technology for the benefit of humanity.Engineering technologists work closely with engineers in coordinating people, material, and machinery to achieve the specific goals of a particular project. The engineering technologist is often responsible for design and development.
Exploring Engineering
The 21st century will be characterized by the convergence of many technologies and engineering systems. The products of today and tomorrow will be “smarter” in which computers, sensors, controls, modern alloys, and plastics are as important as continuing expertise in the traditional engineering disciplines.
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Personal ethics are the standards of human behavior that individuals of different cultures have constructed to make moral judgments about personal or group situations. Naturally, they vary over time and from culture to culture, resulting in conflict when what is acceptable in one culture is not in another. For example, the notion of privacy in U.S. culture is very strong, and a desk is considered an extension of that privacy, whereas in another culture, such as Japan, office space is open and one’s desk would be considered public domain.
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Professional EthicsProfessional EthicsHaving a code of ethics enables an engineer to resist the pressure to produce substandard work by saying, “As a professional, I cannot ethically put business concerns ahead of professional ethics.” It also enables the engineer to similarly resist pressure to allow concerns such as personal desires, greed, ideology, religion, or politics to override professional ethics.As members of this profession, engineers are expected to exhibit the highest standards of honesty and integrity. Engineers perform under a standard of professional behavior that requires adherence to the highest principles of ethical conduct.
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National Society of Professional National Society of Professional Engineers Code of EthicsEngineers Code of Ethics
Fundamental canonsEngineers, in the fulfillment of their professional duties, shall • Hold paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public.• Perform services only in areas of their competence.• Issue public statements only in an objective and truthful manner.• Act for each employer or client as faithful agents or trustees.• Avoid deceptive acts.• Conduct themselves honorably, responsibly, ethically, and
lawfully so as to enhance the honor, reputation, and usefulness of the profession.
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Engineering Ethics Decision Engineering Ethics Decision MatrixMatrixOptions →
NSPE Canons Go along with the
decisionAppeal to higher
managementQuit your
jobWrite your state representative
Call a newspaper reporter
Hold paramount the safety, health and welfare of the
public
Perform services only in the area of your competence
Issue public statements only in an objective and truthful manner
Act for each employer or client as faithful agents
or trustees Avoid deceptive
acts Conduct
themselves honorably
Exploring Engineering
Keys to Keys to YOURYOUR Success Success
Study skillsTime managementWriting skillsMath skills
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Where to Find InformationWhere to Find InformationYour InstructorsYour fellow team membersOther studentsCampus resources
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Engineering Design Is:Engineering Design Is:
Synthesis – putting things togetherAnalysis – taking things apart
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Example - Buying a CarExample - Buying a CarA car salesperson might say: a) “This car was driven by an older person
who never exceeded the speed limit.”and
b) “It has great power, excellent fuel efficiency, and low pollution.”
What would an engineer say to part a)?
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Design CriteriaDesign CriteriaFor part a) an engineer might say:
“It was driven by a human about 1.7 meters high and 2 billion seconds old who never drove it faster than about 70 meters per second.”
Variable Unit Number Height meters 1.7Age seconds 2x109
Speed m/s 70
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Design CriteriaDesign CriteriaIn part b) when the salesperson says
“It has great power, excellent fuel efficiency, and low pollution.”
An engineer might say:“(You fill in this part and define the variables, units, and numerical values)”
Variable Unit Number
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National Academy of Engineering National Academy of Engineering Top 20 Engineering Achievements of the 20th Top 20 Engineering Achievements of the 20th
CenturyCentury1) Electrification
2) Automobile
3) Airplane
4) Water Supply and Distribution
5) Electronics
6) Radio and Television
7) Agricultural Mechanization
8) Computers
9) Telephone
10)Air Conditioning and Refrigeration
11)Highways
12)Spacecraft
13)Internet
14)Imaging
15)Household Appliances
16)Health Technologies
17)Petroleum and Petrochemical Technologies
18)Laser and Fiber Optics
19)Nuclear Technologies
20)High-performance Materials
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The National Academy of Engineering List of the The National Academy of Engineering List of the Challenges for Engineering in the 21st Century.Challenges for Engineering in the 21st Century.
1) Make solar energy economical
2) Provide energy from fusion
3) Develop carbon sequestration methods
4) Manage the nitrogen cycle
5) Provide access to clean water
6) Restore and improve urban infrastructure
7) Advance health informatics
8) Engineer better medicines
9) Reverse-engineer the brain
10) Prevent nuclear terror
11) Secure cyberspace
12) Enhance virtual reality
13) Advance personalized learning
14) Engineer the tools of scientific discovery
http://www.engineeringchallenges.org/
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Do you agree with this list of
challenges?
http://www.engineeringchallenges.org/
Exploring Engineering