Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Chapter 11 Preventing Diseases. Lesson 1 What Causes Disease?. Click for:. >> Main Menu. >> Chapter 11 Assessment. Next >>. Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation. Essential Question: Why is it important to remain germ free? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Chapter 11PreventingDiseases
Lesson 1What Causes Disease?
>> Main Menu
Next >>
>> Chapter 11 Assessment
Click for:
Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.
Essential Question:
Why is it important to remain germ free?
Enduring Understanding: Students will understand that
pathogens are spread through direct contact, indirect
contact, through impure food or unclean water, and
contact with animals or insects.
Noncommunicable diseases
Diseases that do not spread
Primitive single- or many-celled organisms that cannot make their own food fungi
Single-celled organisms that have a nucleusprotozoa
In this lesson, you will learn to
identify the two main types of disease.
recognize four common disease-causing organisms.
describe how germs spread.
Analyzing a Graphic
Create a concept map that shows how germs can be spread. Use this diagram as a guide.
Germs
What Is a Disease?
The science of fighting disease has come along way in the past hundred years.
disease A condition that affects the proper functioning of the body or mind
Types of Diseases
The two basic categories of diseases are:Communicable diseasesNoncommunicable disease
communicable diseases Diseases that can be spread
noncommunicable diseases Diseases that do not spread
Germs that Cause Disease
Pathogen is the scientific name for germ.
pathogen A microscopic organism that causes communicable diseases
Four Classes of Pathogens
Viruses Bacteria Protozoa Fungi
Germs that Cause Disease
Some viruses are harmless and some cause diseases.
viruses Tiny, nonliving particles that invade and take over healthy cells
The common cold, the flu, the measles, and AIDS are examples of diseases caused by viruses.
Germs that Cause Disease
Bacteria is everywhere.
bacteria Extremely small single-celled organisms with no cell nucleus
Strep throat, Lyme disease, and tooth decay are examples of disease caused by bacteria.
Germs that Cause Disease
Protozoa can be harmless, but some strains can cause serious disease.
protozoa Single-celled organisms that have a nucleus
Malaria is an example of a disease caused by protozoa.
Germs that Cause Disease
Fungi survive by breaking down other living organisms and absorbing their nutrients.
fungi Primitive single- or many-celled organisms that cannot make their own food
Some strains of fungi, such as molds and yeasts cause disease.
How Germs Are Spread
Germ
DirectContact
(shaking hands)
IndirectContact
(sneezing)
Eating or DrinkingContaminatedFood or Water
Contact withAnimals or
Insects
What I LearnedVocabulary Define pathogen. Use the word in asentence.
Lesson 1 Review
What I LearnedIdentify Name four common disease-causing organisms.
Lesson 1 Review
Thinking CriticallyExplain What is the difference between a communicabledisease and a noncommunicable disease?
Lesson 1 Review
Thinking CriticallyApply Should you take a bite of a friend’s sandwich ifyou had seen him or her coughing and sneezing earlierin class?
Lesson 1 Review
Chapter 11PreventingDiseases
Lesson 2Communicable Diseases
>> Main Menu
Next >>
>> Chapter 11 Assessment
Click for:
Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.
Activity: MOVE YOUR BODY.
1. Why is it important to remain germ-free? Provide examples
(3) to support your answer.
2. Provide (2) examples for communicable and (2) examples for
noncommunicable disease.
3. How germs can be spread?
Essential Question:
How can I protect myself from disease?
Enduring Understanding:
Communicable diseases can be prevented with good hygiene
practices and vaccines.
contagious
immune system
Strep throat
Spreading a virus to others by direct orindirect contact
A group of cells, tissues, and organs that fight disease
It is a bacterial throat infection that can make your throat feel sore and scratchy.
Inflammation of the liver, caused by a virus or a toxin and characterized by jaundice, liver enlargement, and fever.
Hepatitis
In this lesson, you will learn to
recognize ways pathogens are spread.
identify common communicable diseases.
demonstrate healthful behaviors that limit the spread of pathogens.
contagious Spreading a virus to others by direct or indirect contact
Common Communicable Diseases
When symptoms of a cold first appear, you are contagious.
The cold is the most common communicable disease.
Common Communicable Diseases
Symptoms of influenza, or “the flu,” include high fever and joint and muscle aches.
Common Communicable Diseases
Disease Symptoms Treatment
MononucleosisSwollen lymph glands (in neck, underarms, groin), headaches, sore muscles, sore throat, fever, fatigue
Pain relievers, rest, liquids
Hepatitis A, B, and CWeakness, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, fever, yellowing of eyes, abdominal pain, dark urine
Rest, healthful food choices (medication for Types B and C)
Tuberculosis (TB) Cough, fatigue, persistent fever, night sweats, weight loss
Antibiotics taken over a long period of time
Strep throatSore throat, fever, chills, body aches, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, swollen tonsils or glands
Antibiotics, soft foods, liquids, gargling with salt water
Keep it to Yourself
When you have a cold, take action to prevent spreading your cold to others. Be careful to cover your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze. Avoid sharing cups, utensils, or other personal items.
Your Body’s Defenses
In a typical day, your body is exposed to millions of germs.
You aren’t sick all the time because your body is protected by its own defense system.
Keeping Pathogens Out
The Body’s Five Major Barriers to Block Pathogens
Tears Saliva Skin
MucousMembranes Stomach Acid
Your Body’s First Line of Defense
Skin BodyFluids
MucousMembranes Pyrogen
Skin• Your skin is like a wall around your inner organs.Body Fluids• Tears and saliva act as a barrier.Mucous Membranes• Tissues that line the inside of your mouth, throat, nose and
eyes act as barriers.• These are sticky fluids that trap and destroy germs.
Pyrogen• A chemical that causes a raise in blood temperature so that
germs have a hard time surviving.• Fights infection.
infection The result of pathogens or germs invading the body, multiplying, and harming some of your body’s cells
Your Immune System
Your immune system is your second line of defense.
immune system A group of cells, tissues, and organs that fight disease
Your Immune System
Some lymphocytes attack pathogens directly while others produce antibodies.
lymphocyte A white blood cell that attacks pathogens or harmful germs
antibodies Chemicals produced specifically to fight a particular invading substance
Your Immune System
Antibodies recognize germs that reenter the body and will attack and destroy them.
This is called immunity.
immunity Resistance to infection
Preventing Communicable Diseases
Steer clear ofpeople who youknow are sick.
Get in the habitof washing yourhands regularly.
Get enough rest,eat healthy foods,
and exercise.
Preventing Communicable Diseases
A vaccine triggers the immune system to make antibodies to fight the pathogen.
vaccine A dead or weakened pathogen introduced into your body
Preventing Communicable Diseases
Vaccine The Disease It Protects Against
Hep B Hepatitis B
DTaP Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough)
Hib Disease caused by Hemophilus influenza type B (Hib) bacteria
IPV Poliomyelitis
PVC Diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria
MMR Measles, mumps, rubella
Varicella Chicken pox
Hep A Hepatitis A
What I LearnedDescribe What is the most common communicabledisease? Name some other common communicable diseases.
Lesson 2 Review
What I LearnedVocabulary Define antibodies, and use it ina sentence.
Lesson 2 Review
What I LearnedList Name a disease that can be prevented witha vaccine.
Lesson 2 Review
Thinking CriticallyApply Why should you avoid sharing an ice cream cone with a friend who has a cold?
Lesson 2 Review
Thinking CriticallyAnalyze How does handwashing help protect the health of your school and community?
Lesson 2 Review
Chapter 11PreventingDiseases
Lesson 4Noncommunicable andHereditary Diseases
>> Main Menu
Next >>
>> Chapter 11 Assessment
Click for:
Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.
Essential Question:
How can I protect myself from disease?
Enduring Understanding: students will understand that
to avoid diseases like cancer and diabetes, you should avoid
tobacco, protect yourself from the sun’s UV rays and maintain
an active, healthful lifestyle.
DO NOW1. What different ways can pathogens be spread?2. What is the most common communicable
disease?3. Identify at least three different barriers (line of
defense) that your body uses to block pathogens.
chronic
cancer
allergy
Long-lasting
A disease caused by abnormal cells that grow out of control
Heart disease is a range of diseases that affect your heart. Heart disease
The body’s sensitivity to certain substances
In this lesson, you will learn to
identify causes of various noncommunicable diseases.
develop behaviors to keep your heart healthy.
identify ways to help prevent diseases like cancer and diabetes.
What Causes Noncommunicable Diseases?
Poor HealthHabits
A Person’sEnvironment
Effects of aCommunicable
DiseaseHeredity Present at
Birth
Heart Disease
Heart disease is the number one cause of death in the United States and is an example of a chronic disease.
chronic Long-lasting
Common causes of heart disease include the narrowing or blocking of blood vessels and high blood pressure.
Healthy Habits for your Heart
Stay PhysicallyActive
Maintain aHealthy Weight
Eat Foods Highin Fiber and
Low in Salt, Fat,and Cholesterol
Learn toManage Stress
Don’t UseTobaccoProducts
Treating Heart Disease
There are medications that widen blood vessels, lower blood pressure, and control the heartbeat.
For more serious problems, heart disease is treated with surgery.
Cancer
Cancer starts out as a tumor.
cancer A disease caused by abnormal cells that grow out of control
tumor A mass of abnormal cells
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States.
Cancer
Some tumors are noncancerous, or benign.
Tumors that are cancerous are call malignant.
Cancer
HeredityExposure to
Cancer-CausingSubstances
Poor HealthChoices
Causes of Cancer
Smoking accounts for at least 30% of all cancer deaths.
Cancer
Avoiding Cancer
Eat Well Stay Active Use Sunscreen Don’t usetobacco or drugs
Treating Cancer
CAUTION
Changes in bowel or bladder habits
A sore that does not heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
Obvious changes in a wart or mole
Nagging cough or hoarseness
Seven CancerWarning Signs
Treating Cancer
Ways of Treating Cancer
Surgery Radiation Chemotherapy BiologicTherapies
Before the cancer has spread After the cancer has spread
Allergies
If you sneeze when you are around cats, you may have an allergy.
allergy The body’s sensitivity to certain substances
A substance that causes an allergic reaction is called an allergen.
Asthma
Asthma is a health problem related to allergies.
asthma A chronic disease in which the airways become irritated and swollen
During an asthma attack, the small airways of the lungs become coated with a thick mucous.
Asthma
Asthma Triggers
Allergens PhysicalActivity
Cold or Damp Air
Cigarette Smokeand Other Sources
of Air Pollution
Diabetes
Diabetes is caused when the body doesn’t produce enough insulin.
diabetes A disease that prevents the body from using the sugars and starches in food for energy
insulin A hormone produced by the pancreas
Diabetes
Type 1Diabetes
Type 2Diabetes
The body doesnot produceinsulin at all.
The body makesinsulin but isunable to useit efficiently.
Types of Diabetes Symptoms of Diabetes
Increased thirst
Frequent urine production
Lack of energy
Blurred vision
Diabetes in Young People
The increase in obesity is related to the increase in type 2 diabetes in young people.
Type 2 diabetes used to occur mainly in adults.
Treatment of Diabetes
Treatments for diabetes include:Monitoring blood sugar levelsTaking insulinExercising regularlyWatching weightDeveloping a good meal plan
What I LearnedIdentify Name a noncommunicable disease triggeredby an allergen.
Lesson 4 Review
What I LearnedDescribe What are some ways of preventing cancer?
Lesson 4 Review
Thinking CriticallySynthesize Name some ways to keep your heart healthy and lessen the risks of heart disease.
Lesson 4 Review
Thinking CriticallyCompare How are allergies and asthma similar?How are they different?
Lesson 4 Review
Chapter 12Safety and theEnvironment
Lesson 1Personal Safety Habits
>> Main Menu
Next >>
>> Chapter 12 Assessment
Click for:
Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.
accidents
accidental injuries
accident chain
Unexpected events that result in damageor harm
Injuries caused by unexpected events
A sequence of events that often leads toan accidental injury
In this lesson, you will learn to
identify the parts of the accident chain.
describe ways of preventing accidental injuries.
practice healthful behaviors to develop good safety habits.
Identifying Cause-and-Effect
List three events that can result in accidental injury.
1.
2.
3.
Staying Safe
Learning about safety can help prevent accidents and accidental injuries.
accidents Unexpected events that result in damage or harm
accidental injuries Injuries caused by unexpected events
The Accident Chain
Accidents often occur because of an accident chain.
accident chain A sequence of events that often leads to an accidental injury
The Situation The Unsafe Habit The Unsafe Act
How to Prevent Accidental Injuries
By removing or changing any one link in the accident chain, you can top an accident from happening.
What I LearnedList What three elements must be present for anaccident to occur?
Lesson 1 Review
Thinking CriticallyApply Grant’s friend dared him to walk across a narrow12-foot high fence. What should Grant do, and why?
Lesson 1 Review
Thinking CriticallyEvaluate Why is it important to know your limitations?
Lesson 1 Review
Chapter 12Safety and theEnvironment
Lesson 2Safety at Homeand Away
>> Main Menu
Next >>
>> Chapter 12 Assessment
Click for:
Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.
Essential Question:Are most injuries and accidents preventable?
Enduring Understanding: Students will understand that
there are many safety hazards in the home.
hazard
smoke alarm
Possible sources of harm
A device that makes a warning noise when it senses smoke
In this lesson, you will learn to
explain how to prevent accidental injuries in you home.
practice the skill of advocacy to help family members develop a fire escape plan.
identify safety tips and rules of the road.
describe how to be safe in your school and community.
hazards Possible sources of harm
Safety at Home
Following safety rules will reduce the risks of home hazards.
Safety at Home
KitchenSafety
Learn to handleknives correctly
Don’t leave foodcooking unattended
Turn pot handlesinward
Keep childrenaway fromthe stove
Wipe up spillsright away
Safety at Home
PreventingFalls
Keep stairwayswell lighted andfree of clutter
Rugs should befastened downfirmly
Use a sturdyladder orstep stool
Never stand on a chair
Never run onwet or waxedfloors
Safety at Home
ElectricalSafety
Pull plugs outby the plug, notthe cord
Don’t use anappliance with a frayed cord
Unused outletsshould be covered whenchildren arepresent
Keep appliancesaway from water
Never useappliances when your hands are wet
Safety at Home
GunSafety
Guns should bestored in lockedcabinets
Store ammunition away from guns
Never handlea gun without anadult present
Never point agun at a livetarget
Safety at Home
FireSafety
Make surematches are outbefore disposingof them
Never leavecandles burningunattended
Use a smoke alarm
Keep lightersaway fromchildren
Keep a fireextinguisherin the house
smoke alarm A device that makes a warning noise when it senses smoke
fire extinguisher A device that releases chemicals that smother flames
Safety and Personal Responsibility
Pick up an object you see lying on the floor where someone might trip over it. This can prevent someone you care about from being injured.
Safety on the Road
Safety on the road applies to drivers, passengers, and pedestrians.
pedestrians People traveling on foot
Safety on the Road
Rules of the RoadObey traffic rules. Ride your bike with the traffic flow, and obey traffic signals.
Never weave in and out of traffic.
When riding with a friend, ride in single file.
When riding, check for cars before entering traffic. Watch for pedestrians.
Be visible to others. Wear bright clothes and use a light after dark.
Safety on the Road
Tips for Personal SafetyUse your safety belt when riding in a motor vehicle.
Use safety equipment when riding a bike, skating, or riding a scooter.
Don’t skate or ride a scooter after dark.
Avoid riding or skating on wet, dirty, or uneven surfaces.
Wear flat-soles shoes for riding a scooter. Wear pants that won’t catch in a bicycle chain.
Keep your speed under control.
Safety at School
Never carry a weapon and alert school officials if you know, or suspect, someone has a weapon.
Safety in the Community
Many communities have formed Neighborhood Watch Programs.
Neighborhood Watch Programs Programs in which residents are trained to identify and report suspicious activity
Safety in the Community
You can protect yourself by:Walking with purpose to and from your homeTraveling with another person or in a groupAvoiding talking to strangersAvoiding shortcuts through unfamiliar or unsafe areas
What I LearnedRecall Where should smoke alarms be placed inthe home?
Lesson 2 Review
What I LearnedDescribe What are two ways of making yourself safewhen riding your bike?
Lesson 2 Review
What I LearnedVocabulary What is a Neighborhood Watch Program?
Lesson 2 Review
Thinking CriticallyExplain In what ways is a cluttered room a hazard?
Lesson 2 Review
Thinking CriticallyAnalyze Why do you think there is debate on whethermetal detectors should be in school?
Lesson 2 Review
>> Chapter 12 Assessment
Chapter 12Safety and theEnvironment
Lesson 2Safety at Homeand Away
>> Main Menu
Click for:
End of
Chapter 12Safety and theEnvironment
Lesson 3Safety Outdoors
>> Main Menu
Next >>
>> Chapter 12 Assessment
Click for:
Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.
In this lesson, you will learn to
describe what you need to know for water safety.
explain safety when hiking or camping.
practice decision-making skills to make safe choices.
Finding the Main Idea
For each main heading in this lesson, write one sentence that states the main idea.
Main Headings in this Lesson:
• Staying Safe Outdoors
• Water Safety
• Safety on the Trail
Staying Safe Outdoors
Take these steps before planning any outing.Check the weather forecast.Make sure you have the proper safety gear.Be aware of your skills and abilities.Wear sunscreenWear bug protection.
Water Safety
Know how to swim well.Follow the safety rules.Never swim alone.Use the “buddy system.”Go to beaches or pools that have lifeguards.Know the water depth.
Water Safety
When boating or waterskiing, wear a life jacket at all times.If you ever feel in danger of drowning, stay calm and call for helpWear a wetsuit to prevent hypothermia.
hypothermia A sudden and dangerous drop in body temperature
Safety on the Trail
For hiking, wear sturdy, well-cushioned shoes.Wearing two pairs of socks will prevent blisters.Bring enough food and water.Bring clothing that is appropriate for the season.Make sure someone knows where your are going.Bring items such as flashlights, batteries, and walkie talkies.
What I LearnedRecall What is the buddy system? Why is itimportant?
Lesson 3 Review
What I LearnedList Name two ways of staying safe duringwater activities.
Lesson 3 Review
Thinking CriticallyApply Larissa is going for a short hike by herself.What safety precautions should she take before she leaves?
Lesson 3 Review
Thinking CriticallyAnalyze Suppose you are swimming in the ocean whenyou realize you have gone farther that you should. Youdon’t feel you have enough energy left to swim back.What should you do?
Lesson 3 Review
>> Chapter 12 Assessment
Chapter 12Safety and theEnvironment
Lesson 3Safety Outdoors
>> Main Menu
Click for:
End of
Chapter 12Safety and theEnvironment
Lesson 4Safety in Severe Weather
>> Main Menu
Next >>
>> Chapter 12 Assessment
Click for:
Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.
natural disasters
hurricane
frostbite
Events caused by nature that result in widespread damage destruction, and loss
A strong tropical windstorm with driving rain
Freezing of the skin
tornado
earthquake
A whirling, funnel-shaped windstorm that drops from the sky to the ground
The shaking of the ground as rock below the surface moves
In this lesson, you will learn to
identify types of weather emergencies and natural disasters.
recognize how to prepare for weather emergencies and
natural disasters.
Compare and Contrast
As you read, keep notes on the differences between weather emergencies and natural disasters.
Weather Emergencies and Natural Disasters
Having an emergency kit is part of preparing for natural disasters.
natural disasters Events caused by nature that result in widespread damage, destruction, and loss
Thunderstorms
Lightning is the most dangerous part of a thunderstorm.
Lightning is caused by clouds releasing stored-up electrical energy.
Thunderstorms
Thunderstorm Tips Seek shelter. Do not use the telephone. If you are in a large field with no shelter, lie down. Avoid all metal objects. Stay away from trees, electric wires, canopies. Stay away from water.
Hurricanes
A hurricane can cause high waves, which in turn can produce flooding.
hurricane A strong tropical windstorm with driving rain
Wind speeds during a hurricane can reach or exceed 100 miles per hour.
Hurricanes
Hurricane Tips Board windows. Bring in outdoor objects. Monitor TV and radio reports closely. Obey orders to leave the area if instructed.
Tornadoes
A tornado is most likely to occur in the flat central regions of the country.
tornado A whirling, funnel-shaped windstorm that drops from the sky to the ground
Floods
The most common natural disasters are floods.
Flooding is especially serious in regions near large bodies of water.
Floods
Flood Tips Never walk or ride in a car through floodwater.
Watch out for downed power lines.
Only drink bottled water.
Clean and disinfect everything that touched floodwater.
Throw out all contaminated food.
Make sure the water supply is safe before drinking.
Blizzards
A blizzard can shut down roads and make it hard for food and other daily needs to reach consumers.
A whiteout is a state where snow falls so rapidly, visibility is significantly reduced.
Blizzards
Health risks from being in a blizzard include:HypothermiaFrostbite
frostbite Freezing of the skin
Frostbite can cause severe injury to the skin and sometimes to deeper tissue.
Tornadoes
A tornado is most likely to occur in the flat central regions of the country.
tornado A whirling, funnel-shaped windstorm that drops from the sky to the ground
Tornadoes
Tornado Tips Go to a storm cellar. If you don’t have a storm cellar, go to a hallway,
bathroom, or other room with no windows. Don’t stay in a car or mobile home. If you are outdoors, look for a ditch and lie down.
Earthquakes
If you are inside when an earthquake hits, stay there.
earthquake A The shaking of the ground as rock below the surface moves
Earthquakes
Earthquake Tips Brace yourself in a doorway.
If possible, crawl under a large piece of furniture.
Move away from objects that could fall. If you are outside, stand in the open and stay away from
trees, buildings, and power lines. After an earthquake, report any odor of gas.
What I LearnedCompare What is the difference between a weatheremergency and natural disaster?
Lesson 4 Review
What I LearnedVocabulary What is a hurricane? Where dohurricanes occur?
Lesson 4 Review
What I LearnedIdentify Which type of weather emergency can lead towhiteout conditions?
Lesson 4 Review
Thinking CriticallyEvaluate How does the media influence communityhealth during a natural disaster or weather emergency?
Lesson 4 Review
Thinking CriticallyAnalyze Suppose you are swimming when the sky turnsdark. You hear a distant rumble. What should you doto take responsibility for your personal health?
Lesson 4 Review
>> Chapter 12 Assessment
Chapter 12Safety and theEnvironment
Lesson 4Safety in Severe Weather
>> Main Menu
Click for:
End of
Chapter 12Safety and theEnvironment
Lesson 5First Aid for Emergencies
>> Main Menu
Next >>
>> Chapter 12 Assessment
Click for:
Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.
first aid
rescue breathing
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR
abdominal thrust
The care first given to an injured or ill personuntil regular medical care can be supplied
A substitute for normal breathing in which someone forces air into the victim’s lungs
A rescue measure that attempts to restore heartbeat and breathing
Quick upward pulls into the diaphragm to force out the object blocking the airway
Fracture: it is the breaking or cracking of a bone or the tearing of a cartilage.
Dislocation: displacement of one or more bones at a joint
Cramp: A sudden, involuntary, spasmodic muscular contraction causing severe pain, often occurring in the leg or shoulder as the result of strain or chill.
Pulled muscle: when a muscle becomes overstretched and tears.
poison control center
first-degree burn
second-degree burn
third-degree burn
A community agency that helps people deal with poisoning emergencies
A burn in which only the outer part of the skin in burned and turns red
A burn in which the damaged area blisters or peels
A very serious burn in which deeper layers of skin and nerve endings are damaged
In this lesson, you will learn to
name strategies for responding to emergencies.
describe how you can help someone who is bleeding.
identify the universal sign for choking.
explain how to help a burn victim.
Sequencing
Choose two of the emergencies described in the lesson. For each, make a flow chart showing the steps in treating the emergency.
Giving First Aid
Giving first-aid can mean the difference between life and death.
first aid The care first given to an injured or ill person until regular medical care can be supplied
Life Threatening Emergencies
A victim’s life is in danger if the person:
has stoppedbreathing
has noheartbeat
is bleedingseverely
is choking has swallowedpoison
has beenseverely burned
Rescue Breathing and CPR
If the victim is not breathing, perform rescue breathing.
rescue breathing A substitute for normal breathing in which someone forces air into the victims lungs
Rescue Breathing and CPR
A life-saving technique for victims whose hearts have stopped beating is cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) A rescue measure that attempts to restore heartbeat and breathing
First Aid for Severe Bleeding
When treating a victim with severe bleeding, take precautions to limit touching another person’s blood.
Wear gloves if possible and always wash your hands afterward.
First Aid for Severe Bleeding
Tips for treating a victim with sever bleeding include:
Lie the person down.
Elevate the wounded body part above the victim’s heart if there are no broken bones.
Apply direct, steady pressure to the wound with a clean cloth. Do not press too hard.
Once the bleeding has stopped, cover the wound with a clean cloth.
Get medical help immediately.
First Aid for Choking
Choking is a condition that occurs when a person’s airway becomes blocked.
A chocking victim can die in minutes because air cannot get to the lungs.
First Aid for Choking
If you know someone is choking, begin using abdominal thrusts.
abdominal thrusts Quick upward pulls into the diaphragm to force out the object blocking the airway
First Aid for Poisoning
If you think someone has swallowed poison, call 911, EMS, or your local poison control center.
poison control center A community agency that helps people deal with poisoning emergencies
The inside cover of your phone book should list the phone number of the poison control center.
First Aid for Poisoning
Take these steps while waiting for help to arrive.
Keep the person warm and breathing.
Remove extra traces of poison from the person’s mouth with a damp, clean cloth.
Save the container of the poison to show the ambulance team.
Prepare to tell the emergency team all you know about what happened.
First Aid for Burns
Treatment for a first-degree burn includes:
first-degree burn A burn in which only the outer part of the skin is burned and turns red
Cooling the burned area with cold water (not ice) for at least 15 minutes
Wrapping the burned area loosely in a clean, dry dressing
First Aid for Burns
Treatment for a second-degree burn includes:
second-degree burn A serious type of burn in which the damaged area blisters or peels
Cooling the burned area with cold water (not ice)
Elevating the burned area
Wrapping the burned area loosely in a clean, dry dressing
Seeing a doctor
First Aid for Burns
Treatment for a third-degree burn includes:
third-degree burn A very serious burn in which deeper layers of skin and nerve endings are damaged
Cooling the burn with cold water or by applying a wet cloth
Not applying ice or ointments
Removing clothing that may stick to the burned area while applying cold water
Wrapping the burned area loosely with a clean, dry dressing and call 911
First Aid for Breaks and Sprains
Take these steps when helping someone who fractured a bone.
Ask if the person heard a snap or if touching the injured area hurts.
If unsure, treat the person as if they have a broken bone and call 911.
If there is bleeding, apply pressure with a clean cloth.
Do not attempt to straighten out the injured part.
Avoid moving the person.
First Aid for Breaks and Sprains
A sprain occurs when a joint is stretched or twisted or has torn ligaments.
Sprains are often sports-related.
What I LearnedRecall What is the universal sign for choking?
Lesson 5 Review
What I LearnedList Briefly give the steps in controlling severe bleeding.
Lesson 5 Review
What I LearnedVocabulary What’s the difference between a first- andsecond-degree burn?
Lesson 5 Review
Thinking CriticallyEvaluate What steps can be taken to reduce poisoningrisks in homes with small children?
Lesson 5 Review
Thinking CriticallyApply Ken and Phil see and older student collapse tothe ground. Using the CHECK-CALL-CARE strategy,show how Ken and Phil should respond to this emergency.
Lesson 5 Review
>> Chapter 12 Assessment
Chapter 12Safety and theEnvironment
Lesson 5First Aid for Emergencies
>> Main Menu
Click for:
End of
