Chapter 12 (Free Surface Effect)

7/21/2019 Chapter 12 (Free Surface Effect)

1/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig 3bn ?7

Adcptgr3?

Nrgg Qurncag Gnngat

Gxgraesg -38

Cfswgr 3

Ievgf0-

3.

Jesplcagkgft (Y) ; 7888t

?.

_J bn jegsgl bel ; 8.44

1.

Kbkgfts bn efgrtec ; ?:?k:

NQA ; e * _J bn JB

Y

NQA ; ?:? * 8.44

7888

NQA ; 8.8:1k

NQA bn tdg sdep es 8.8:1k

Cfswgr ?

Ievgf0-

3.

Y ; 7888t

?.

_J bn QY ; 3.8?7

1. Kbkgfts bn efgrtec (e) ; ?:?k:

NQA ; e * _J bn QY

Y

NQA ; ?:? * 3.8?77888

NQA ; 8.878k

NQA bn tdg sdep es 8.878k


2/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig ?bn ?7

Cfswgr 1

Ievgf0-

3. Y ; >888t

?.

MK ; 9.:k1.

MI ; >.>k

:. e ; 3?88k:

_J bn NY ; 3.888

NQA ; e * _J bn NY

Y

NQA ; 3?88 * 3.888

>888

NQA ; 8.?k

MI(n) ; MI(s) + NQA

MI(n) ; >.>k + 8.?k

MI(n) ; >.4k

MK ; MI(n) + IK(n)

9.:k ; >.4k + IK(n)

9.:k>.4k ; IK(n)

8.>k ; IK(n)

IK nluej bn tdg sdep es 8.>k

Cfswgr :

Ievgf0-

3. Jesplcagkgft (Y) ;4488t

?.

e ; 33>>k:

1.

_J bn DNB ; 8.57

:.

MK ; 38.3k

7.

MI ; 5k

NQA ; e * _J bn NY

Y


3/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig 1bn ?7

NQA ; 33>> * 8.57

4488

NQA ; 8.3?>k

MI(n) ; MI(s) + NQA

MI(n) ; 5k + 8.3?>k

MI(n) ; 5.3?>k

MK ; MI(n) + IK(n)

38.3k ; 5.3?>k + IK(n)

38.3k5.3?>k ; IK(n)

8.59:k ; IK(n)

IK nluej bn tdg sdep es 8.59:k

Cfswgr 7

Ievgf0-

3.

Jesplcagkgft (Y) ;3>888t?. L bn JO tcfm ; ?8k

1. O bn JO tcfm ; 4k

:.

_J bn wctgr ; 3.838

e ; LO1

3?

NQA ; e * _J bn wctgr

3? * Jesplcagkgft

NQA ; L * O1* _J bn wctgr

3? * Jesplcagkgft

NQA ; ?8 * (4)1* 3.838

3? * 3>888

NQA ; ?8 * 4 * 4 * 4 * 3.838

3? * 3>888

NQA ; 8.87:k

NQA nbr tdg vgssgl es 8.87:k


4/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig :bn ?7

Cfswgr >

Ievgf0-

3. L bn tcfm ; 3?k

?.

O bn tcfm ; 5k1.

_J bn bel ; 8.9?

:. Jesplcagkgft (Y) ; 3?888t

7. MK ; 5k

>. MI ; 4.7k

e ; LO1

3?

NQA ; e * _J bn bel

3? * Jesplcagkgft

NQA ; L * O1* _J bn bel

3? * Jesplcagkgft

NQA ; 3? * (5)1* 8.9?

3? * 3?888

NQA ; 3? *5 * 5 * 5 * 8.9?

3? * 3?888

NQA ; 8.8::k

MI(n) ; MI(s) + NQA

MI(n) ; 4.7k + 8.8::k

MI(n) ; 4.7::k

MK ; MI(n) + IK(n)

5k ; 4.7::k + IK(n)

5k4.7::k ; IK(n)

8.:7>k ; IK(n)

IK nluej bn tdg sdep es 8.:7>k


5/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig 7bn ?7

Cfswgr 9

Ievgf0-

3. Jesplcagkgft (Y) ; 4888t

?.

L bn tcfm ; 38k1.

O bn tcfm ; 4k

:. D bn tcfm ; 5k

7. MK ; 9k

>. MI ; >.?k

9. 3/1 bn tcfm pukpgj but

_J bn QY ; 3.8?7

Kcss bn wctgr pukpgj but ; 3 * L * O * D * _J

1

Kcss bn wctgr pukpgj but ; 3 * 38 * 4 * 5 * 3.8?7

1

Kcss bn wctgr pukpgj but ; ?:>t (w)

MI nrbk wdgrg wctgr pukpgj but ; (3 * dgeidt) + (? * dgeidt)

1 * ? 1

MI nrbk wdgrg wctgr pukpgj but ; (3 * 5) + (? * 5)

1 *? 1

MI nrbk wdgrg wctgr pukpgj but ; 3.7k + >k

MI nrbk wdgrg wctgr pukpgj but ; 9.7k

4k

5k

38k4k

5k

38k

>k

1k

9.7k

1k

I

I


6/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig >bn ?7

MI nrbk wdgrg wctgr jesadcrigj ; 9.7k

MI bn sdep ;->.?k

j 3.1k

II ; w * j

Yw

II ; ?:> * 3.1

4888?:>

II ; ?:> * 3.1

997:

II ; 8.8:3k

Nefcl jesplcagkgft ; Efetecl JesplcagkgftJesadcrig

Nefcl jesplcagkgft ; 4888t?:>t

Nefcl jesplcagkgft ; 997:t

Efetecl MI bn tdg vgssgl ; >.?k

II ;-8.8:3k

Nefcl MI bn tdg vgssgl ; >.375k

e ; LO1

3?

NQA ; e * _J bn wctgr

3? * Jesplcagkgft

NQA ; L * O1* _J bn wctgr

3? * Jesplcagkgft

NQA ; 38 * (4)1* 3.8?7

3? * 997:

NQA ; 38 *4 * 4 * 4 * 3.8?7

3? * 997:

NQA ; 8.87>k

MI(n) ; MI(s) + NQA

MI(n) ; >.375k + 8.87>k

MI(n) ; >.?37k

MK ; MI(n) + IK(n)

9k ; >.?37k + IK(n)


7/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig 9bn ?7

9k>.?37k ; IK(n)

8.947k ; IK(n)

IK nluej bn tdg sdep es 8.947k

Cfswgr 4

Ievgf0-

3. Jesplcagkgft (Y) ; 7888t

?. Jekgfsebfs bn tcfm ; 3>k * 38k * :k

1.

MK ; >.?k:. MI ; 9k

7.

Bel lbcjgj ; :88t

>.

_J bn bel ; 8.57

_J bn bel ; Kcss bn bel

^blukg bn bel

8.57 ; :88

^blukg bn bel

^blukg bn bel ; :88

8.57

^blukg bn bel ; :?3.871k1

^blukg bn bel ; L * O * sbufjefi bn tcfm

:?3.871 ; 3> * 38 * sbufjefi bn tcfm

38k

:k

3>k

I

:88t

Qbufjefi

M


8/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig 4bn ?7

:?3.871 ; sbufjefi bn tcfm

3> * 38

?.>1?k ; sbufjefi bn tcfm

MI ; Qbufjefi

?

MI ; ?.>1?

?

MI ; 3.13>k

Ygeidt (t) MI (k) Kbkgfts (tk)

Qdep 7888 9 17888

Lbcjgj :88 3.13> 7?>.:Zbtcl 7:88 177?>.:

MI bn sdep cntgr lbcjefi ; Zbtcl kbkgfts

Zbtcl wgeidt

MI bn sdep cntgr lbcjefi ; 177?>.:

7:88

MI bn sdep cntgr lbcjefi ; >.795k

e ; LO1

3?

NQA ; e * _J bn bel

3? * Jesplcagkgft


3? * Jesplcagkgft

NQA ; 3> * (38)1* 8.57

3? * 7:88

NQA ; 3> *38 * 38 * 38 * 8.57

3? * 7:88

NQA ; 8.?17k

MI(n) ; MI(s) + NQA

MI(n) ; >.795k + 8.?17k

MI(n) ; >.43:k

MK ; MI(n) + IK(n)


9/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig 5bn ?7

9.?k ; >.43:k + IK(n)

9.?k>.43:k ; IK(n)

8.14>k ; IK(n)

IK nluej bn tdg sdep es 8.14>k

Cfswgr 5

Ievgf0-

3. Jekgfsebfs bn Xbrt tcfm ; 3?k * 7k * 4k

?.

Jekgfsebfs bn Qtoj tcfm ; 3?k * 7k * 4k1. Xbrt tcfm null bn QY

:.

Qtoj tcfm es gkpty

7.

Jesplcagkgft (Y) ; 54:8t

>. MK ; 4.7k

9. MI ; 4k

^blukg bn gcad tcfm ; L * O * D

^blukg bn gcad tcfm ; 3? * 7 * 4

^blukg bn gcad tcfm ; :48k1

3?k

4k

7k

Xbrt Zcfm Qtoj Zcfm

7k

3?k

7k

Xbrt Zcfm Qtoj Zcfm

7k

:k

I I


10/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig 38bn ?7

_J bn QY ; Kcss bn wctgr

^blukg bn wctgr

3.8?7 ; Kcss bn wctgr

:48

3.8?7 * :48 ;Kcss bn wctgr

:5?t ; Kcss bn wctgr

Kcss bn wctgr trcfsngrrgj ; Zbtcl kcss bn wctgr

?

Kcss bn wctgr trcfsngrrgj ; :5?

?

Kcss bn wctgr trcfsngrrgj ; ?:>t

MI bn kcss nrbk wdgrg sdentgj ; >k

MI bn kcss tb wdgrg sdentgj ;-?k

j ; :k

II ; w *j

Y

II ; ?:> * :

54:8

II ; 8.3k ()

MI bn sdep ; 4k

II ;-8.3k

9.5k

e ; LO1

3?

NQA ; e * _J bn QY

3? * Jesplcagkgft

NQA ; L * O1* _J bn QY

3? * Jesplcagkgft

NQA ; 3? * (7)1* 3.8?7

3? * 54:8

NQA ; 3? *7 * 7 * 7 * 3.8?7

3? * 54:8

NQA ; 8.831k


11/25


12/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig 3?bn ?7

NQG ; Zbtcl e

Zbtcl Jesplcagkgft

NQG ; ?849.:

38888

NQG ; 8.?85 k

MI(n) ; MI(s) + NQG

MI (n) ; 4.57: + 8.?85

MI (n) ; 5.3>1k

MK ; MI(n) + IK(n)

5.5k ; 5.3>1k + IK(n)

5.5k5.3>1k ; IK(n)

8.919k ; IK(n)

IK nluej bn tdg vgssgl es 8.919k


13/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig 31bn ?7

Cfswgr 33

Ievgf0-

3 Jesplcagkgft t; 38888

? MK (k); 5.5

Zcfm MI(k) E (kV:) Lequej _J _gkcrms

Zbtcl "E"

(kV:)

NX Zcfm >.18 38 QY 3.8?7 Null 8

Fb.3 JOZ 3.37 :?8 DNB 8.57 Qlcam 155

Fb. ? X 8.>7 9?8 DNB 8.57 Null 8

Fb.? Q 8.>7 9?8 DNB 8.57 Gkpty 8

Fb.1 X 8.>7 ?:8 QY 3.8?7 Null 8Fb.1 Q 8.>7 ?:8 QY 3.8?7 Qlcam ?:>

Fb.1 A 8.>8 3?88 DNB 8.57 Null 8

Fb.: X 8.98 188 NY 3.888 Qlcam 188

Fb.: Q 8.98 188 NY 3.888 Qlcam 188

Fb.7 X 8.47 348 JB 8.44 Qlcam 374.:

Fb.7 Q 8.47 388 DNB 8.57 Null 8

CX Zcfm 4.48 ?8 QY 3.8?7 Gkpty 8

Zbtcl 4.578 3:81.:

NQG ; Zbtcl e

Zbtcl Jesplcagkgft

NQG ; 3:81.:

38888

NQG ; 8.3:8 k

MI(n) ; MI(s) + NQG

MI (n) ; 4.578 + 8.3:8

MI (n) ; 5.858 k

MK ; MI(n) + IK(n)

5.5k ; 5.858k + IK(n)

5.5k5.858k ; IK(n)

8.438k ; IK(n)


14/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig 3:bn ?7


Cfswgr 3?

Ievgf0-

3 Jesplcagkgft t; 38888

? MK (k); 5.5


Zbtcl "E"

(kV:)

NX Zcfm >.18 38 QY 3.8?7 Qlcam 38.?7

Fb.3 JOZ 3.37 :?8 DNB 8.57 Qlcam 155

Fb. ? X 8.>7 9?8 DNB 8.57 Qlcam >4:

Fb.? Q 8.>7 9?8 DNB 8.57 Gkpty 8

Fb.1 X 8.>7 ?:8 QY 3.8?7 Null 8

Fb.1 Q 8.>7 ?:8 QY 3.8?7 Null 8

Fb.1 A 8.>8 3?88 DNB 8.57 Null 8

Fb.: X 8.98 188 NY 3.888 Qlcam 188

Fb.: Q 8.98 188 NY 3.888 Qlcam 188

Fb.7 X 8.47 348 JB 8.44 Qlcam 374.:Fb.7 Q 8.47 388 DNB 8.57 Null 8

CX Zcfm 4.48 ?8 QY 3.8?7 Qlcam ?8.7

Zbtcl 4.448 349?.37

NQG ; Zbtcl e

Zbtcl Jesplcagkgft

NQG ; 349?.37

38888

NQG ; 8.349 k

MI(n) ; MI(s) + NQG

MI (n) ; 4.448 + 8.349

MI (n) ; 5.8>9 k


15/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig 37bn ?7

MK ; MI(n) + IK(n)

5.5k ; 5.8>9k + IK(n)

5.5k5.8>9k ; IK(n)

8.411k ; IK(n)


Cfswgr 31

Ievgf0-

3 Jesplcagkgft (t); 38888? MK (k); 5.5

Etgk Ygeidt (t) MI (k) Kbkgfts (tk)

Qdep 38888 4.57: 457:8

Abfsukg DNB -?88 3.37 -?18

Dcll DNB -388 8.> ->8

Cll Zdg NY -?88 8.9 -3:8

Zbtcl 5788 45338

Nefcl MI ; Zbtcl Kbkgfts

Zbtcl Ygeidt

Nefcl MI ; 45338

5788

Nefcl MI ; 5.148k


16/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig 3>bn ?7


Zbtcl "E"

(kV:)

NX Zcfm >.18 38 QY 3.8?7 Null 8

Fb.3 JOZ 3.37 :?8 DNB 8.57 Gkpty 8

Fb. ? X 8.>7 9?8 DNB 8.57 Qlcam >4:

Fb.? Q 8.>7 9?8 DNB 8.57 Gkpty 8

Fb.1 X 8.>7 ?:8 QY 3.8?7 Null 8

Fb.1 Q 8.>7 ?:8 QY 3.8?7 Qlcam ?:>

Fb.1 A 8.>8 3?88 DNB 8.57 Qlcam 33:8

Fb.: X 8.98 188 NY 3.888 Gkpty 8

Fb.: Q 8.98 188 NY 3.888 Gkpty 8

Fb.7 X 8.47 348 JB 8.44 Qlcam 374.:

Fb.7 Q 8.47 388 DNB 8.57 Null 8


Zbtcl 5.148 ???4.:

NQG ; Zbtcl e

Zbtcl Jesplcagkgft

NQG ; ???4.:

5788

NQG ; 8.?17 k

MI(n) ; MI(s) + NQG

MI (n) ; 5.148 + 8.?17

MI (n) ; 5.>37 k

MK ; MI(n) + IK(n)

5.5k ; 5.>37k + IK(n)

5.5k5.>37k ; IK(n)

8.?47k ; IK(n)

IK nluej bn tdg vgssgl es 8.?47k


17/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig 39bn ?7

Cfswgr 3:

Ievgf0-

3 Jesplcagkgft (t); 38888

? MK (k); 5.5


Qdep 38888 4.57: 457:8

Abfsukg DNB -378 8.>7 -59.7

Dcll DNB -78 8.> -18

Cll Zdg NY -388 8.9 -98

Zbtcl 5988 451:?.7


Zbtcl Ygeidt

Nefcl MI ; 451:?.7

5988

Nefcl MI ; 5.?33k


Zbtcl "E"

(kV:)

NX Zcfm >.18 38 QY 3.8?7 Null 8

Fb.3 JOZ 3.37 :?8 DNB 8.57 Qlcam 155

Fb. ? X 8.>7 9?8 DNB 8.57 Gkpty 8

Fb.? Q 8.>7 9?8 DNB 8.57 Gkpty 8

Fb.1 X 8.>7 ?:8 QY 3.8?7 Null 8

Fb.1 Q 8.>7 ?:8 QY 3.8?7 Qlcam ?:>Fb.1 A 8.>8 3?88 DNB 8.57 Qlcam 33:8

Fb.: X 8.98 188 NY 3.888 Qlcam 188

Fb.: Q 8.98 188 NY 3.888 Gkpty 8

Fb.7 X 8.47 348 JB 8.44 Qlcam 374.:

Fb.7 Q 8.47 388 DNB 8.57 Null 8


Zbtcl 5.?33 ??:1.:

NQG ; Zbtcl e

Zbtcl Jesplcagkgft


18/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig 34bn ?7

NQG ; ??:1.:

5988

NQG ; 8.?13 k

MI(n) ; MI(s) + NQG

MI (n) ; 5.?33 + 8.?13

MI (n) ; 5.::? k

MK ; MI(n) + IK(n)

5.5k ; 5.::?k + IK(n)

5.5k5.::?k ; IK(n)

8.:74k ; IK(n)

IK nluej bn tdg vgssgl es 8.:74k

Cfswgr 37

Ievgf0-

3 Jesplcagkgft (t); 38888

? MK (k); 38


Qdep 38888 4.57: 457:8

Lbcjs Fb.? LD 3888 : :888

Lbcjs Fb.: LD ?888 7 38888

Zbtcl 31888 3817:8


Zbtcl Ygeidt

Nefcl MI ; 3817:8

31888

Nefcl MI ; 9.5>7k


19/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig 35bn ?7

ZcfmMI(k) E (kV:) Lequej _J _gkcrms

Zbtcl "E"

(kV:)

NX Zcfm >.18 38 QY 3.8?7 Null 8

Fb.3 JOZ 3.37 :?8 DNB 8.57 Qlcam 155

Fb. ? X 8.>7 9?8 DNB 8.57 Qlcam >4:

Fb.? Q 8.>7 9?8 DNB 8.57 Gkpty 8

Fb.1 X 8.>7 ?:8 QY 3.8?7 Null 8

Fb.1 Q 8.>7 ?:8 QY 3.8?7 Qlcam ?:>

Fb.1 A 8.>8 3?88 DNB 8.57 Null 8

Fb.: X 8.98 188 NY 3.888 Qlcam 188

Fb.: Q 8.98 188 NY 3.888 Qlcam 188

Fb.7 X 8.47 348 JB 8.44 Qlcam 374.:

Fb.7 Q 8.47 388 DNB 8.57 Null 8


Zbtcl 9.5>7 ?849.:

NQG ; Zbtcl e

Zbtcl Jesplcagkgft

NQG ; ?849.:

31888

NQG ; 8.3>3 k

MI(n) ; MI(s) + NQG

MI (n) ; 9.5>7 + 8.3>3

MI (n) ; 4.3?7 k

MK ; MI(n) + IK(n)

38k ; 4.3?7k + IK(n)

38k4.3?7k ; IK(n)

3.497k ; IK(n)



20/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig ?8bn ?7

Cfswgr 3>

Ievgf0-

3. Jesplcagkgft ; 7888t

?.

L bn tcfm ; 34k1.

O bn tcfm ; 3?k

_J bn QY es 3.8?7

c)

e ; LO1

3?

NQA ; e * _J bn QY

3? * Jesplcagkgft

NQA ; L * O1* _J bn QY

3? * Jesplcagkgft

NQA ; 34 * (3?)1* 3.8?7

3? * 7888

NQA ; 34 * 3? * 3? * 3? * 3.8?7

3? * 7888

NQA ; 8.713k

o) e.

NQG ;3 * Zbtcl nrgg surncag gnngat ef (c)

f?

NQG ;3 * 8.713 (Nrbk (c))

??

NQG ; 3 * 8.713

:

NQG ; 8.311k

o) ee.

NQG ; 3 * NQG ef (o. e.)

?

NQG ; 3 * 8.311 (Nrbk (o. e. ))

?

NQG ; 8.8>9k


21/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig ?3bn ?7

a) e.


f?

NQG ;3 * 8.713 (Nrbk (c))1

?

NQG ; 3 * 8.713

5

NQG ; 8.875k

a) ee.

NQG ; ? * NQG ef (a. e.)

1

NQG ; ? * 8.875 (Nrbk (a. e. ))

1

NQG ; 8.815k

a) eee.

NQG ; 3 * NQG ef (a. e.)

1

NQG ; 3 * 8.875 (Nrbk (a. e. ))

1

NQG ; 8.8?8k

j) e.


f?

NQG ;3 * 8.713 (Nrbk (c))

:?

NQG ; 3 * 8.713

3>

NQG ; 8.811k

j) ee.

NQG ; 1 * NQG ef (j. e.)

:


22/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig ??bn ?7

NQG ; 1 * 8.811 (Nrbk (j. e. ))

:

NQG ; 8.8?7k

j) eee.

NQG ; ? * NQG ef (j. e.)

:

NQG ; ? * 8.811 (Nrbk (j. e. ))

:

NQG ; 8.839k

j) ev.

NQG ; 3 * NQG ef (j. e.)

:

NQG ; 3 * 8.811 (Nrbk (j. e. ))

:

NQG ; 8.884k

Cfswgr 39

Ievgf0-

3. Jesplcagkgft ; 38888t

?. L bn tcfm ; ?8k

1.

Jevejgj tcfm ef X, Q & A jevesebfs

:.

Orgctd bn X & Q tcfm ; :k

7. Orgctd bn A tcfm ; 3?k

c)

e ; LO1

3?

NQA ; e * _J bn NY

3? * Jesplcagkgft

NQA ; L * O1* _J bn NY

3? * Jesplcagkgft


23/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig ?1bn ?7

NQA ; ?8 * (:)1* 3.888

3? * 38888

NQA ; ?8 * : * : * : * 3.888

3? * 38888

NQA ; 8.833k

o

NQG bn obtd tcfms ; NQG bn bfg tcfm * ? (Obtd tcfms crg ejgfteacl)

NQG bn obtd tcfms ; 8.833 * ? (Nrbk c)

NQG bn obtd tcfms ; 8.8??k

a

e ; LO1

3?

NQA ; e * _J bn NY

3? * Jesplcagkgft


3? * Jesplcagkgft

NQA ; ?8 * (3?)

1

* 3.8883? * 38888

NQA ; ?8 * 3? * 3? * 3? * 3.888

3? * 38888

NQA ; 8.?44k

j

NQA bn cll tdrgg tcfms ; NQA bn X tcfm + NQA bn Q tcfm + NQA bn A tcfm

NQA bn cll tdrgg tcfms ; 8.8??k + 8.8??k + 8.?44k

NQA bn cll tdrgg tcfms ; 8.138k

g

e ; LO1

3?

NQA ; e * _J bn NY

3? * Jesplcagkgft


24/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

Xcig ?:bn ?7


3? * Jesplcagkgft

NQA ; ?8 * (?8)1* 3.888

3? * 38888

NQA ; ?8 * ?8 * ?8 * ?8 * 3.888

3? * 38888

NQA ; 3.111k

Cfswgr 34

c. Fb.3 JO

o.

Fb.1 X & Qa. Fb.? X & Q

j.

Fb.1 A

Cfswgr 35

c.

Fb.: Q

o.

Fb.: X

a. Fb.3 JO

Cfswgr ?8

Ievgf0-

3. Y ;4888t

?. MK ; 9.5k

1. MI ; 9.8k

:.

L bn tcfm ; 37k

7.

O bn tcfm ; 3?k

>. _J bn bel ; 8.57

e ; LO1

3?

NQA ; e * _J bn bel

3? * Jesplcagkgft


3? * Jesplcagkgft

NQA ; 37 * (3?)1* 8.57

3? * 4888


25/25

ADCXZG_3?

N_GG QW_NCAG GNNGAZ

NQA ; 37 * 3? * 3? * 3? * 8.57

3? * 4888

NQA ; 8.?79k

MI(n) ; MI(s) + NQA

MI(n) ; 9.8k + 8.?79k

MI(n) ; 9.?79k

MK ; MI(n) + IK(n)

9.5k ; 9.?79k + IK(n)

9.5k9.?79k ; IK(n)

8.>:1k ; IK(n)

c)

Kbkgft bn stcteacl stcoelety ; w * IK * Qef

Kbkgft bn stcteacl stcoelety ; 4888 * 8.>:1 * Qef(>)

Kbkgft bn stcteacl stcoelety ; 719.9 tk

o)

Kbkgft bn stcteacl stcoelety ; w * Qef* (IK + 3 * OK * Zcf?)

?

Kbkgft bn stcteacl stcoelety ; 4888 * Qef(?8) * (8.>:1 + 3 * :.5 * Zcf?(?8))

?

Kbkgft bn stcteacl stcoelety ; ?>:9.:tk

-b8b-

Documents

Chapter 12 (Free Surface Effect)