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Chapter 12: Politics of the Roaring Twenties Americans Struggle with Postwar Issues. I. Post-War Fears and Unrest Fear of Communism/Red Scare What is Communism? a. Karl Marx —founder. b. Struggle between “Haves” and “Have-Nots.” - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Chapter 12: Politics of the Roaring Twenties
Americans Struggle with Postwar Issues
I. Post-War Fears and UnrestA. Fear of Communism/Red Scare
1. What is Communism?a. Karl Marx—founder.b. Struggle between “Haves” and “Have-Nots.”c. Supported the violent overthrow of industrial capitalist governments.d. First tried in Russia (1917)
What was the Red Scare?
2. Americans feared that communists would try to overthrow the US government like Lenin and the Bolsheviks had done in Russia.
How did American React?
3. The Palmer Raids—From 1919 to 1920, Palmer and J. Edger Hoover began a series of raids on suspected communists. – 100s deported w/out trial.– Violated civil rights– Never turned-up a conspiracy.
B. Fear of Foreigners/Nativism—“Keep America for Americans.”1. Many viewed immigrants as radicals/extremists.2. Trial of Sacco and Vanzetti. What happened?3. Ku Klux Klan (KKK).
a. In membership. 1924—4.5 million members.b. Domestic terrorism.
4. Emergency Quota Act of 1921.a. Dramatically limited immigration.b. Only 150,000 immigrants admitted per year.
Chapter 13
The Roaring Life of the 1920’s
Bell Ringer 13.1
• The 1920s saw a conflict between Rural America and Urban America. – Identify 2 differences between Rural America
and Urban America.– Identify 1 similarity.
• Write in Complete Sentences.• Underline your answers.
Urban Rural
I. Rural vs. Urban Life
Section 1: Changing Ways of Life
I. Rural vs. Urban Life
A. Rural Life Ending– South and West– Conservative beliefs– Religious– Ethnically
Homogeneous
B. Urbanization– Northeast US mostly– Growing in size– Mostly industrial– Liberal beliefs– Less religious– Well Educated– Ethnically Diverse
II. Social Issues
A. Prohibition• 18th Amendment: 1920
– Can’t sell, make, or transport alcohol in US
• Supported by– Women– South– Religion– Volstead Act
• Provided govt. funding to enforce, but not enough available
– Too much land to cover
– bribes
B. How did people get around Prohibition?
• Speakeasies– Hidden bars and
nightclubs– Cops knew about
them and did nothing
C. Bootleggers– People that smuggles
alcohol – Organized Crimes
• Paid off police and court
• Al Capone– 60 million off illegal
alcohol sales
D. Science vs. Religion
• Fundamentalism– Believing everything in
the Bible is fact• Tennessee had made
it illegal to teach evolution in school
• Scopes Trial• John T Scopes
volunteered to teach evolution and arrested
• Lots of sensation• Decision:
– Scopes guilty– Law remained in effect that
it was illegal to teach evolution in school
Section 2: Women in the 1920s
Bell Ringer 13.2
• Who are the two figures? (What do they represent?)
• What is the subject of this political cartoon?
• What is the purpose of this political cartoon?
A. Changes1. Women• WWI presented new
opportunities, allowed freedom
• Media popularized image of “New Woman”– Flapper– Vamp– Neither as widespread
as people like to think
Then…
Now…
2. Family
• Family changed in the 20s
• Birthrate down– Birth control available
through the work of Margaret Sanger
– Increase in standard of living resulted in smaller families
3. Children’s Roles• Children spent more
time at school• Teens more rebellious• Media influenced them• New Music, Dancing,
clothes pushed the edge
• Less time with family and more time with friends
B. Exceptions?Women had to face
Double Standards• Still responsible for
housework, even if had job
• Still expected to manage family
• Also, had to be careful when dating or risk ridicule
• Housework did become more convenient through technology– Electricity– Vacuums, washing
machines– Canned food and ready
made clothes– Led to more leisure time
and possibility of job
Where could women work?
• Well educated: nurses and teachers
• Unskilled: typists, secretaries and clerks
Section 3: Education and Popular Culture
Education
• Education– More students in high
schools– 2-4 million– Industry jobs needed
basic education
Harding Administration(p. 419-421)
CoolidgeAdministration
(p.422-424)Similarities
Bell Ringer 13.3Harding and Coolidge
Music
• Music changed• Jazz came on the
scene• Challenged status
quo• Caused people to
dance…together…
Mass Media/Technology
• More newspapers • National Magazines
become popular– Readers Digest– Time– Life
• Radio– Most powerful way to
communicate news, events and entertainment
– Advertisements
Mass Media
• Heroes– Babe Ruth– Charles Lindbergh
Entertainment and Art
• Lots of new and exciting art in the 20’s
• Jazz Singer: 1st movie with sound 1927
• Disney makes first animated cartoon: Steamboat Willy
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BBgghnQF6E4
Writing
• New Themes– Isolation– Had been wounded in
war– Live for today
• Fitzgerald The Great Gatsby (excess of Americans after war)
Leisure Time• By 1929 America
spending 4.5 billion on leisure time
• New Fads:– Crosswords– Cards– Egyptian goods– Flagpole sitting– Dance marathons
Section 4: Harlem Renaissance
Section 4: Harlem Renaissance
• African Americans get a voice in 1920’s
• 1910-20:Great Migration
• By 1929 40% of A.A. live in cities
• Faced racism, but better then South
Renaissance: Rebirth
• Literature, Art, Painting
• Exposed America to “Black” culture
Civil Rights Movement
• 1909 NAACP started by Dubois and Johnson
• Used legislation and publications like: “The Crisis” to make case known
• Goal=Legally End Segregation
• Black Pride and Nationalism
• Led by Marcus Garvey
• Establish a colony in Africa
Who were the musicians of the Harlem Renaissance?
Louis Armstronghttp://youtu.be/CqujvTl5zns
http://youtu.be/gDrzKBF6gDU
Bessie Smithhttp://youtu.be/8Who6fTHJ34
Dizzy Gillespie
Billie Holidayhttp://youtu.be/x6RwSsHSIfs
Who were the Writers of the Harlem Renaissance?
Langston Hughes:
Poethttp://youtu.be/pZPNQK3k8Yo
Claude McCay: novelist and poet
Zora Hurston: told the life of a A.A. woman
Reading: Henry FordTopic
(paragraph)Notes/Important Facts Summary
>8 WordsNew Vocabulary
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