Chapter 12, Section 1Chapter 12, Section 1The Federal SystemThe Federal System

Main IdeaMain Idea

- When the framers created our new - When the framers created our new Constitution, they made sure power would Constitution, they made sure power would be shared between national and state be shared between national and state government!government!

I. I. The Constitution and FederalismThe Constitution and FederalismA.A. Original 13 colonies behaved like Original 13 colonies behaved like individual nations. individual nations.

***Articles of Confederation were weak and ***Articles of Confederation were weak and ineffective.***ineffective.***

B.B. Framers created a federal system Framers created a federal system1.1. FederalismFederalism-- Government power is divided Government power is divided between national and state governmentbetween national and state government

C.C. Federalism meets in the middle. National Federalism meets in the middle. National government needed to be strong and government needed to be strong and effective, yet have limits.effective, yet have limits.

D.D. States can maintain military militia. Governor States can maintain military militia. Governor can call in National Guard for state can call in National Guard for state emergencies. emergencies.

***States cannot make treaties with other ***States cannot make treaties with other countries, declare war, keep an army in countries, declare war, keep an army in peacetime, issue money, or impose import peacetime, issue money, or impose import taxes. States cannot take away citizens’ taxes. States cannot take away citizens’ civil liberties.***civil liberties.***

EE. . 10th Amendment10th Amendment-- Granted reserved Granted reserved powers.powers.

1. 1. Reserved PowersReserved Powers-- States can exercise States can exercise all powers not given to the federal all powers not given to the federal government or denied to the states.government or denied to the states.

F.F. States reserved powers are there to: States reserved powers are there to:1.1. Promote the health and welfare Promote the health and welfare

of of their citizens.their citizens.

2.2. Set up police forces Set up police forces

3.3. Build roads Build roads

4.4. Run schools Run schools

5.5. Organize local government Organize local government

GG.. Concurrent Powers Concurrent Powers-- Powers shared by Powers shared by state and federal governments.state and federal governments.

H.H. Supremacy ClausSupremacy Claus-- Article IV says Article IV says Congress’ laws are the “Supreme Law Congress’ laws are the “Supreme Law of the Land” of the Land”

I. I. McCulloch V. MarylandMcCulloch V. Maryland-- Supreme Court Supreme Court held that when state and federal powers held that when state and federal powers conflict, federal powers take precedence. conflict, federal powers take precedence.

States’ Rights SupportersStates’ Rights Supporters::• Since states created national Since states created national

government, national government government, national government should have limited powersshould have limited powers

• States are closer with the people States are closer with the people and better reflect their wishesand better reflect their wishes

National Government Supporters:National Government Supporters:

1. People, not states created national 1. People, not states created national governmentgovernment

2.2. Necessary and Proper Claus- Necessary and Proper Claus- Gives Gives Congress right and means to do anything Congress right and means to do anything to carry out its given power.to carry out its given power.

***Power has shifted back and forth ***Power has shifted back and forth throughout our history***throughout our history***

II.II. Governmental Cooperation Governmental Cooperation

A.A. Grants-In-AidGrants-In-Aid-- Money given to the Money given to the states by the governmentstates by the government

B.B. Federal government gives money to Federal government gives money to cities and counties. cities and counties.

C.C. States need to provide services to States need to provide services to the federal government. the federal government.

III. III. State ConstitutionsState ConstitutionsA.A. State Constitutions vary. State Constitutions vary.B.B. All contain a bill of rights All contain a bill of rightsC.C. All establish different types All establish different types of of

local local governments.governments.D.D. Regulate the ways state and local Regulate the ways state and local governments raise money.governments raise money.E.E. Establish agencies, boards, Establish agencies, boards,

commissions.commissions.

F.F. State laws cannot clash with U.S. State laws cannot clash with U.S. Constitution. Constitution.

G.G. Amendment process varies. Proposition Amendment process varies. Proposition by legislature, ratification by voters. by legislature, ratification by voters.

MINI QUIZ!!!MINI QUIZ!!! John Mayer- Gravity John Mayer- Gravity

1. What did the 101. What did the 10thth Amendment do? Amendment do?2. Powers given to states are called?2. Powers given to states are called?3. Name 3 things local governments should do 3. Name 3 things local governments should do

for their people…for their people…4. Type of power when state and federal 4. Type of power when state and federal

government share powergovernment share power5. McCulloch V. Maryland….What did it 5. McCulloch V. Maryland….What did it

establish??establish??