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Wireless Networking
Chapter 12
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Chapter 122
Chapter Objectives
Identify wireless networking
Compare wireless and wired network
Explain the different wireless standards List the components required for wireless
networking
Discuss the various applications of wireless
networking Troubleshoot wireless network problems
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Chapter 123
Recall
Structured Cabling is a set of standards thatdetermine how to create a central point to start thewiring for data or voice communications
The subsystems of structured cabling systems: Entrance Facilities
Equipment Room
Telecommunications Room
Backbone Cabling
Horizontal Cabling
Administration and Work Area Conduits are plastic pipes that run through wall plate
to wiring closet and between the wiring closets
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Chapter 124
Wireless Networking Basics
Wireless networking allows
you to establish:
Communication using
standard network protocols
Communication without the
use of cables
Technologies used for
wireless access based on
Wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi)
Home Radio Frequency
(HomeRF)
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Chapter 125
Types of Wireless NetworkI
Peer-to-Peer(P2P) or Ad-Hoc Connected wirelessly with the use of wireless
Network Interface Card (NIC)
Computers can access printers and share files
Wired LAN can be accessed using bridging
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Chapter 126
Types of Wireless NetworkII
Access point or
Infrastructure wireless LAN
Wireless device connects
to the access point to
connect to the network
Access point acts as a
hub to connect two
wireless devices
Wireless bridge used toconnect wireless network
to wired network
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Chapter 127
Wireless Standards
Variety of standards accepted worldwide andoffer different levels of security
Wireless
Standards
IEEE 802.11 Bluetooth IrDA HomeRF WiMAX
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Chapter 1210
IEEE 802.11III
Security
Four methods of wireless network security:
Data encryption (WEP and WPA)
Port based access control Service Set Identifier (SSID)
Media Access Control (MAC) address filtering
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Chapter 1211
Components Requirements
The important components required for setting up a
wireless network are:
Medium
Access point and Extension point Wireless bridges and Power line bridges
Antennas
Wireless adapters
Wireless Station and Server
Software
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Chapter 1212
Medium
Wireless medium is an unguided form of networkingmedium
Wireless transmission involves use of technologies such
as Bluetooth, Infrared, Lasers, Radio signals and
Microwave technologies Mobile computing allows users to do their work at any
location
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Chapter 12 13
Access Point and Extension Point
Access Point
Device that bridges a wireless connection and a
wired connection
Two types of access points: Hardware access pointsand Software access points
Extension Point
Used if single access point is not able to cover entire
area
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Chapter 12 14
Hardware Access Points
Hardware access point is a physical device that isused to establish a connection between a wired
network and a wireless network
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Chapter 12 15
Software Access Points
Software Access Points are computer whichincludes a wireless network interface card.
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Chapter 12 16
Extension Point
Extension points are used if a single accesspoint is not able to cover the entire area.
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Chapter 12 17
Wireless and Power-line bridges
Wireless bridge
Used to connect two or
more wireless networks
Power-line bridge
Used to penetrate a
wireless network that is
otherwise difficult to
penetrate
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Chapter 12 18
Antennas and Adapters
Antennas are used to increase the range of wirelessnetwork
Types of antennas used: Omnidirectional antennas - Used indoors and small in
size
Directional antennas - High gain and used for longrange outdoor use
Wireless adapters help to connect computer or PDAto a network
Wireless adapters are available as PC cards, PCIand mini PCI, USB, and CompactFlash.
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Chapter 12 20
Software
Wireless network adapter requires two types of
software so as to function properly:
Driver
Configuration Utility
Windows XP has built-in tools for configuring
network adapter settings
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Chapter 12 21
Case Study 1
Hyderabad branch of MoneyMaker bank has a
wireless network setup in the whole office. Network
administrator Smith identifies that the signal strengthin the insurance department is slightly weak as
compared to other parts of the office. It provides
poor connectivity to the wireless devices present in
that department.
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Chapter 12 22
Problem
Signal strength is slightly weak
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Chapter 12 23
Suggested Solution
Access point is away from the insurance department.
Smith can connect an extension point to the existing
access point to increase the range of the wirelessnetwork. If the problem still exists then add an access
point.
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Chapter 12 24
Application
Common applications of wireless technologies:
Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)
Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN)
Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN)
Mobile Computing
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Chapter 12 25
TroubleshootingI
Wire and Wireless Adapter
Software Troubleshooting - Wireless adapter
configuration utility and wireless APs firmware version
Driver Compatibility
Low signal strengthCan be solved with:
Interference
Installing repeater
Changing Antenna Installing Window XP Service Pack 2
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Chapter 12 27
Case Study 2
The MoneyMaker banksHyderabad branch office has
setup a wireless network. The network engineer Smith
receives complains about slow connectivity from anemployee whose computer is located slightly far away
from the access point.
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Chapter 12 28
Problem
Low signal strength
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Chapter 12 29
Suggested Solution
Smith should try placing the access point at a centrallocation far away from physical obstructions andmirrors. He can also change the position of the
antenna sideways or downwards just to check if thereis better reception. He can also replace the antennawith a high gain antenna or install a repeater totroubleshoot the problem if there is no success in theprevious solution.
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Chapter 12 30
SummaryI
Peer-to-peer and ad-hoc access point wireless LAN are
types of wireless networks
802.11 is a standard which was developed by Institute of
Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) for defining all
aspects of Radio Frequency Wireless networking
IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g
and IEEE 802.11n are the different IEEE 802.11 standards
Methods of wireless network security are Wired Equivalent
Privacy (WEP), Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA), Service SetIdentifier (SSID), Media Access Control (MAC) address
filtering and Port Based Access Control: 802.1x
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Chapter 12 31
SummaryII
Bluetooth is a radio standard and communication protocolwith low power consumption and short range oftransmission and reception
Bluetooth 1.0 and 1.0B, Bluetooth 1.1, Bluetooth 1.2, andBluetooth 2.0 are the different Bluetooth standards
Bluetooth devices operate in a master/slave scheme wherein the master device can controls up to seven active slavedevices
The Bluetooth devices go through four different stagesbefore starting a communication: device discovery, name
discovery, association and service discovery The various services that are supported by Bluetooth are
known as profiles and there are 13 Bluetooth services
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Chapter 12 32
SummaryIII
IrDA is the example of free space optical communicationover a short range
IrPHY, IrLAP, IrLMP, Tiny TP, IrCOMM, IrOBEX, and IrLAN
are the different layers of IrDA specifications
In Infrared the two devices must be configured in an ad-hocmode thereby making it more vulnerable to interference
Infrastructure mode is not available in infrared
communication
Security features like encryption and decryption are notavailable in IrDA
Microwave and Radio Frequency (RF) are the medium for
wireless networking
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Chapter 12 33
SummaryIV
Hardware access points and Software access points arethe two types of access points
Wireless bridge is used to connect two or more wireless or
wired networks
Antennas are used to increase the range of the wirelessnetwork
Wireless adapter card helps to connect the computer or a
laptop to a wireless network
Devices that can connect to the wireless network through awireless medium are known as Wireless stations
Wireless server is the main server that is connected to the
wired network