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Chapter 13. States of Matter: Changes of State. Objectives. Changes of State (13.4 ) The six basic phase changes What is a plasma Be able to describe the parts of a heating and cooling curve Understand a phase diagram. PHASE CHANGES. PHASE CHANGES. The Six Basic Phase Changes. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Chapter 13States of Matter:Changes of State
Objectives
• Changes of State (13.4)
– The six basic phase changes– What is a plasma– Be able to describe the parts of a heating and cooling
curve– Understand a phase diagram
PHASE CHANGES
Description of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts.
Liquid to solid
FreezingHeat leaves the liquid as it freezes.
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization, which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes.
Gas to liquid
CondensationHeat leaves the gas as it condenses.
Solid to gas
Gas to solid
Sublimation
Deposition
Heat goes into the solid as it sublimates.
Heat leaves the gas as it condenses.
The Six Basic Phase Changes
Phase Changes: Where Does the Heat Go?
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levels…
between 1000°C and 1,000,000,000°C ?
Will everything just be a gas?
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas.
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields.
Plasmas, like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume.
• Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed, in a regular pattern
Vibrate, but do not move from place to
place
Close together with no regular
arrangement.Vibrate, move
about, and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular
arrangement.Vibrate and move
freely at high speeds
Has no definite volume or shape
and is composed of electrical charged
particles
Heating/Cooling Curve
Heating/Cooling Curve
Phase Diagrams• Graph of pressure-temperature
relationship: Show were each of the phases are
• Lines indicate equilibrium state two phases.
• Triple point- Temp. and Pressure where all three phases co-exist in equilibrium.
• Critical temp.- Temp. where substance must always be gas, no matter what pressure.
• Critical pressure- vapor pressure at critical temp.• Critical point- point where system is at its critical pressure and temp.
Phase Diagram of H2O
Water Vapor
<---CondensationVaporization --->
Water
Ice
<---MeltingFreezing--->
Triple Point
<---DepositionSublimation--->
