Chapter 1.3 Specialized Cells

RegenerationThe process

whereby a body part is replaced or re-grown

Ex. Salamander- can re-grow

limbs lenses in the

eye parts of the

heart

Human LiverHuman liver is the

only limb that has the natural ability to regenerate

In young children- finger tips that are cleaned and dressed properly can regenerate

Cell Specialization Simple example- meerkats

Small mammals in AfricaClans to mobs of 20

Work together to find Food- Care for young- defend themselves

SUCCESS OF THIS CLAN IS DEPENDENT ON EVERYONE WORKING TOEGTHER

Stem CellsEvery cell in your

body came from a small group of stem cells

Stem cell- unspecialized cell

They form specialized cells when exposed to the proper conditions

Embryonic and Adult Cells

The two types of stem cells are Embryonic Adult

Differentiation: cells look different from one another and perform types

Stem CellsAs cells mature into adult cells they become

specialized

Most adult cells stem cells are involved with the replacement of damaged tissue

Stem cells are found in BloodSkinNeural Tissue

Meristematic Stems Plant stem cells

Found in the growing tips of roots

Also in the cambium- layer in the stem

Active thoughout the plants life

Levels of OrganizationCell – Tissue – Organ- Organ System -

Organism

Tissue- group of cells working together to perform specific tasks

Multicellular organisms- made up of specialized cells

Animal TissuesEpithelial

Connective

Muscle

Nervous

Epithelial TissueCells are tightly

packed t form a protective barrier

Can be one cell thick

Ex. Skin tissue

Connective TissueMain function- to

join tissues together

TendonsLigaments BoneCartilage Blood Stores fat

BloodBlood- is a type of connective tissue

Blood is made up of PlasmaRed Blood CellsWhite Blood Cells

Muscle TissueAllows for movement

3 main types Skeletal- voluntary Cardiac- only in the

heart Smooth- blood vessels

in the stomach

Smooth and cardiac- involuntary

Nervous TissueResponds to stimuliTransmits and stores

informationSend messages-

impulses Nerve tissues

receive information both inside and outside