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Chapter 16Chapter 16Fertilization and PregnancyFertilization and Pregnancy
Question of the Day?Question of the Day?
1.1. What do you think it would be like to be What do you think it would be like to be pregnant now or to be a father now?pregnant now or to be a father now?
2.2. What do you think it would be like to be What do you think it would be like to be pregnant or to be a father in a loving pregnant or to be a father in a loving marriage?marriage?
Fertilization and Fertilization and ImplantationImplantation
23 chromosomes from sperm23 chromosomes from sperm 23 chromosomes from egg23 chromosomes from egg 15 min. to 1 hour for sperm to reach egg.15 min. to 1 hour for sperm to reach egg. Egg divides until it reaches uterus.Egg divides until it reaches uterus. It takes 4 days for the egg to reach the It takes 4 days for the egg to reach the
uterus.uterus. Fertilized egg implants itself into the uterine Fertilized egg implants itself into the uterine
wall.wall. Implantation: process of the embryo being Implantation: process of the embryo being
completely buried in the wall of the uterus.completely buried in the wall of the uterus.
Mother to BabyMother to Baby PlacentaPlacenta
Structure that allows the baby to get the Structure that allows the baby to get the nutrients it needs from the mother.nutrients it needs from the mother.
The placenta is attached by umbilical cord.The placenta is attached by umbilical cord. Anything the mother ingests travels Anything the mother ingests travels
through umbilical cord to baby.through umbilical cord to baby. Amniotic SacAmniotic Sac
Watery substance that helps protect the Watery substance that helps protect the baby.baby.
Determining PregnancyDetermining Pregnancy Urine TestUrine Test
Looks for hormone HCG (Human Looks for hormone HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotopin)Chorionic Gonadotopin)
Over-the-counter pregnancy tests.Over-the-counter pregnancy tests.
Missed periodMissed period Other factors that might cause a Other factors that might cause a
missed period are stress and illness.missed period are stress and illness.
11stst Trimester Trimester1-3 months1-3 monthsEnd of 3End of 3rdrd month month
Baby’s WeightBaby’s Weight• Almost 1 ounceAlmost 1 ounce
Baby’s LengthBaby’s Length• 2.5-3 inches2.5-3 inches
11stst Trimester Trimester ContinuedContinued
Development of BabyDevelopment of Baby Brain EnlargementBrain Enlargement Arms and legs formingArms and legs forming Heart and blood systems fully functioningHeart and blood systems fully functioning Digestive system formingDigestive system forming
Development in MomDevelopment in Mom Morning sicknessMorning sickness Weight gain 0-5 poundsWeight gain 0-5 pounds
22ndnd Trimester Trimester4-6 months4-6 monthsEnd of 6End of 6thth month month
Baby’s WeightBaby’s Weight
• 2 pounds2 pounds Baby’s LengthBaby’s Length
• 9 inches9 inches
22ndnd Trimester Trimester ContinuedContinued
Development of BabyDevelopment of Baby Skin begins to growSkin begins to grow Fine hair covers baby (like Fine hair covers baby (like
monkey)monkey) Fingernails are formingFingernails are forming Ears are moving back into Ears are moving back into
positionposition
22ndnd Trimester Trimester ContinuedContinued
Development in MomDevelopment in MomStarts to look pregnantStarts to look pregnantWeight gain 16-22 lbs.Weight gain 16-22 lbs.Adjusted hormonesAdjusted hormonesFeels baby moveFeels baby move
33rdrd Trimester Trimester 7-9 months7-9 months End of 9End of 9thth month month
Baby’s WeightBaby’s Weight• 7.5 pounds on average7.5 pounds on average
Baby’s LengthBaby’s Length• 14-15 inches14-15 inches• 21 inches by the end of 921 inches by the end of 9thth
monthmonth
33rdrd Trimester Trimester ContinuedContinued
Development of BabyDevelopment of Baby Mouth can open, Mouth can open,
close and swallowclose and swallow Eyes can open and Eyes can open and
closeclose Organs are fully Organs are fully
formed by 9formed by 9thth month month
33rdrd Trimester Trimester ContinuedContinued
Development in MomDevelopment in MomFrequent urinationFrequent urinationCan’t eat large mealsCan’t eat large mealsBalance compromisedBalance compromisedEmotionalEmotionalWeight gain 25-35 poundsWeight gain 25-35 pounds
Prenatal CarePrenatal CareRegular doctors Regular doctors
visitsvisitsMonthlyMonthlyWeeklyWeekly
Ultra soundUltra sound
Medicines, Drugs and Medicines, Drugs and PregnancyPregnancy
All medicines and All medicines and drugs pose a threat to drugs pose a threat to the baby.the baby.
Increased birth Increased birth defects with use.defects with use. Premature birthPremature birth Low birth weightLow birth weight
Weight DistributionWeight Distribution BabyBaby 7-8 lbs.7-8 lbs. PlacentaPlacenta 1-2 lbs.1-2 lbs. UterusUterus 2 lbs.2 lbs. Amniotic fluidAmniotic fluid 1 ½-4 lbs.1 ½-4 lbs. BreastsBreasts 1-3 lbs.1-3 lbs. Blood volumeBlood volume 2 ½-3 lbs.2 ½-3 lbs. FatFat 3 lbs. or more3 lbs. or more Lean body massLean body mass 2 lbs.2 lbs. Tissue fluidTissue fluid 5 lbs. or more5 lbs. or more
TotalTotal 24-35 lbs.24-35 lbs.