CHAPTER 17The West and the World:

Empire, Trade and War, 1650-1815

The WestEncounters and Transformations

Levack/Muir/Veldman/Maas

Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 17: The West and the World: Empire, Trade and War, 1650-1815

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

I. European Empires in the Americas and Asia

II. Warfare in Europe, North American and Asia

III. The Atlantic World

IV. Encounters Between Europeans and Asians

V. The Crisis of Empire and the Atlantic Revolutions

Chapter 17: The West and the World: Empire, Trade and War, 1650-1815

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

I. European Empires in the Americas and Asia

Muslim Empires

Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal

First overseas empires

Spanish, Portuguese

A. Britain

Emigrés

Puritans, 1630's

English Catholics

Quakers

George Fox

India

Factories:

Surat, 1612

Madras, 1640

Bombay, 1661

Calcutta, 1690

Captain James Cook (1728-1779)

1770, Australia

Botany Bay, 1788

Chapter 17: The West and the World: Empire, Trade and War, 1650-1815

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

I. European Empires in the Americas and Asia

B. France

French East India Company

Factories at Pondicherry, Chandenagar

Seven Years' War, 1756-1763

North Africa

Egypt, 1798-1801

Algeria

C. Dutch Republic

Use of force

1624, Brazil

Hudson River

New Netherland

New Amsterdam

1664, to England

> New York

Dutch East India Company

Batavia (Jakarta)

Factories

India, China, Japan

Cape of Good Hope, 1652

D. Spain

Height, c. 1650

Hierarchy

Councils

Charles III (1759-1788)

E. Portugal

First to colonize

India

Brazil

West Africa

Marquis of Pombal

Minister, 1755-1777

F. Russia

Catherine the Great (1762-1796)

Partitions of Poland, 1772-1795

Crimean, 1783-1792

Chapter 17: The West and the World: Empire, Trade and War, 1650-1815

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

II. Warfare in Europe, North American and Asia

A. New Motive

Mercantilism

England, Dutch Republic

wars, 1652-1675

transatlantic trade

English Navigation Acts

England v. Spain, 1655-1657

Jamaica to England, 1655

War of Jenkins' Ear, 1739

Havana for Florida

Chapter 17: The West and the World: Empire, Trade and War, 1650-1815

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

II. Warfare in Europe, North American and Asia

B. Anglo-French Military Rivalry

War of the Spanish Succession, 1701-1713

(Queen Anne's War)

Dynastic struggle

Treaty of Utrecht, 1713

Philip V (1700-1746)

War of the Austrian Succession, 1740-1748

Maria Theresa (1740-1780)

Frederick II (1740-1786)

takes Silesia

"King George's War"

1744, France and Spain v. Britain

C. Seven Years' War, 1756-1763

(French and Indian War, 1754-1763)

Treaty of Paris, 1763

D. The Revolutionary Wars, 1775-1815

American War of Independence, 1775-1783

French Revolution, 1792-1815

Chapter 17: The West and the World: Empire, Trade and War, 1650-1815

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

II. Warfare in Europe, North American and Asia

C. Seven Years' War, 1756-1763

(French and Indian War, 1754-1763)

Treaty of Paris, 1763

D. The Revolutionary Wars, 1775-1815

American War of Independence, 1775-1783

French Revolution, 1792-1815

Chapter 17: The West and the World: Empire, Trade and War, 1650-1815

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

III. The Atlantic World

A. The Atlantic Economy

Tobacco and coffee

B. The Atlantic Slave Trade

Differences

scale

racial

chattel slavery

1851, end to slave trade

Haiti, end to slavery, 1794

British Empire, by 1838

United States, 1863

Brazil, 1888

C. Cultural Encounters Brazil

complex social hierarchy

Creoles, mestizos, mulattos

Exchange of ideas

Chapter 17: The West and the World: Empire, Trade and War, 1650-1815

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

III. The Atlantic World

A. The Atlantic Economy

Tobacco and coffee

B. The Atlantic Slave Trade

Differences

scale

racial

chattel slavery

1851, end to slave trade

Haiti, end to slavery, 1794

British Empire, by 1838

United States, 1863

Brazil, 1888

C. Cultural Encounters Brazil

complex social hierarchy

Creoles, mestizos, mulattos

Exchange of ideas

Chapter 17: The West and the World: Empire, Trade and War, 1650-1815

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

IV. Encounters Between Europeans and Asians

A. Political Control of India

Factories

Developments, 1756-1856

British

Factory in Calcutta, 1690

Siraj-ud-Daulah, Nawab of Bengal

attacks Calcutta, Fort William

"Black Hole of Calcutta“

Robert Clive

1757, retakes Calcutta

Plassey

Siraj-ud-Daulah defeated, executed

Lord Dalhousie, 1848-1856

more states annexed

Chapter 17: The West and the World: Empire, Trade and War, 1650-1815

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

IV. Encounters Between Europeans and Asians

B. The Sepoy Mutiny, 1857

British East India Company ended

Victoria (1837-1901)

direct rule

C. Changing Attitudes

Height, c. 1750

study of Asian languages

admiration of Asian culture

Voltaire (1694-1778)

Confucianism

Thomas Raynal (1713-1796)

admires Indian political system

Art, architecture

chinoiserie

Brighton Pavilion

John Nash

Decline, late 18th century

concepts of race

Chapter 17: The West and the World: Empire, Trade and War, 1650-1815

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

V. The Crisis of Empire and the Atlantic Revolutions

A. The American Revolution, 1775-1783

Quartering of British troops, 1763

Stamp Act, 1765

Boston Tea Party, 1773

Declaration of Independence, 1776

Treaty of Paris, 1783

B. The Haitian Revolution, 1789-1804

Vincent Ogé

lack of representation

"Free colored" rebellion, 1789

> slave revolt, 1791

Toussaint L'Ouverture

Social revolution

V. The Crisis of Empire and the Atlantic Revolutions

D. Spanish America, 1810-1824

Creoles

1807, Napoleon defeats Spain

Símon Bolívar (1783-1830)

1819, defeat of Spanish

Peru, independent 1824

Bolivia, 1825

Argentina, 1816

Chile, 1818

Columbia, 1819

Mexico, 1821

Chapter 17: The West and the World: Empire, Trade and War, 1650-1815

Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

V. The Crisis of Empire and the Atlantic Revolutions

C. The Irish Rebellion, 1798-1799

Plantations

English Protestants, 16th century

Scottish Presbyterians, 17th century

Ulster

Catholic Rebellions

1641-1649, 1689-1690

Society of United Irishmen

Wolfe Tone

Protestants and Catholics

Ally with Defenders

Catholic peasants

Revolt, 1798

1801, end of Irish Parliament

joined to U.K.

D. Spanish America, 1810-1824

Creoles

1807, Napoleon defeats Spain

Símon Bolívar (1783-1830)

1819, defeat of Spanish

Peru, independent 1824

Bolivia, 1825

Argentina, 1816

Chile, 1818

Columbia, 1819

Mexico, 1821