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Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of
Life Part II:
Chemical ReactionsAcids and Bases
Inorganic Substances
Chemical Reactions
• Form or break bonds between atoms, molecules, or ions
• Parts of a chemical reaction:– Reactants
– Products
Chemical Reactions• Synthesis
• Decomposition
• Exchange Reaction
Chemical Reactions
• Reversible Reactions
• Catalysts– 1. – 2. – 3.
Acids, Bases, and Salts
• Electrolytes
Fig. 2.9
Acids, Bases, and Salts
• Acids:
• Bases:
• Salts:
– Basic Formula:
– Example:
Acids, Bases, and Salts
Acid and Base Concentrations
• pH scale-
0_______________7_______________14
Acidic Neutral Basic
(high [H+]) (low [H+])
• Each number (0-14) on the pH scale represents…
• Example: .1 grams H+/L = pH of _____ .001 grams H+/L =pH of _____
Acid and Base Concentrations
• Neutral 1.
2.
H2O H+ + OH-
• _________ solutions- [H+] > [OH-]
• _________ solutions- [H+] < [OH-]
Acid and Base Concentrations
Fig. 2.10
pH in the human body
• Normal blood pH: • Alkalosis:
– 1. – 2.
• Acidosis: – 1. – 2.
• Buffers:
Chemical Contents of Cells
• Organic substances– 1. – 2. – 3.
• Inorganic substances– 1.– 2.
Inorganic Substances• Water
– 1.– 2.
• Oxygen– 1.– 2.
• Carbon Dioxide• Inorganic Salts
– Ex.– 1.– 2.