Chapter 2DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

In this experiment the solubility of two partially liquids in each other at various temperatures and the critical temperature of the solution were observed.Preparation of 80% phenol solution:A bottle of phenol was placed in a beaker with hot water until sufficient quantity had melted. 20mL of liquid phenol were poured into the previously weighed graduated cylinder and it was reweighed. Water was added until the solution weighed 25% more than the pure phenol.Experimental set-up:The test tube was supported in a beaker of water, with a thermometer and a stirrer inside the test tube. The beaker was heated and supported in an iron stand equipped with iron ring and wire gauze.Phenol to water:Distilled water was pippetted into the test tube and the 80% phenol solution was pippeted also but mL at a time until the cloudiness remained after it was being stirred. The bath was heated slowly while the solution was constantly stirred until the system was cleared. The burner was removed and the stirring continued until the solution clouded again. The temperature of both clearing and clouding were recorded. 1mL at a time of the phenol solution was added. The temperature was determined in the clouding and clearing for each addition, until a total of 12mL has been added. After this procedure the solution were discarded.

Water to phenol:10mL of phenol solution was introduced into a test tube from a pipette. The addition of water from the pipette as the procedure above, until a total of 12mL has been added.