Chapter 2 Living Things

Use pages 32 40 to answer the following questions.Chapter 2 Living Things

Spontaneous Generation 1. Living things arise from other living things through reproduction.

* ALL LIVING THINGS MUST COME FROM OTHER LIVING THINGS!

Example: Puppies come from other dogs and ferns come from other fernsSpontaneous Generation2. Spontaneous Generation: The mistaken idea that living things can arise from non-living things.

People used to think that moths came from clothes and maggots came from meat.

* We now know this is not true!!!!

Redis ExperimentFrancesco Redis ExperimentControlled experiment

Two identical jars with the same type of meat that were left in the same spot for the same amount of time

4. Variable: The only thing that was different was one had a cover!

Redis Experiment: Step #1Redi placed pieces of meat into two identical jars. He left one uncovered and covered one.

Redis Experiment: Step #2After a few days there were maggots on the uncovered jar and none on the covered jar.

Redis Experiment: Step #3Redi determined the flies had laid their eggs on the meat in the open jar and not in the covered. Redi concluded that decaying meat does not produce maggots.

Redis Experiment5. Did Redis experiment prove or disprove spontaneous generation? EXPLAIN!

His experiment DISPROVED spontaneous generation. There were no maggots on the covered jar, which means the flies could not get to the meat to lay their eggs.

Louis Pasteurs ExperimentMid 1800s, Pasteur designed more controlled experiments to reject spontaneous generation

6. He demonstrated that new bacteria appeared in broth only when they were produced by existing bacteria.

Controlled ExperimentA controlled experiment is an experiment in which only one variable is manipulated at a time.

8. About 2000 year ago, a Roman poet wrote these directions for producing bees. Why do you think reasonable people once accepted this idea?Recipe for BeesKill a bull during the first thaw of winterBuild a shedPlace the dead bull on the branches and herbs inside the shedWait for summer. The decaying body of the bull will produce bees.

Section 1: What is Life?Pages 34 - 40What is Life?9. A CELL is the basic unit of structure and function in an organism.All living things are made of cells!

10. How is unicellular different from multicellular? * Uni means one, so unicellular means organisms made up of only one cell* Multi means many, so multicellular means organisms made up of many cells

Unicellular Protista One Cell

Multicellular Many Cells

Characteristics of Living ThingsAll living things must have all characteristics of living thingsYou can not have 3 out of the 4 and be considered living

CharacteristicsMrs. Careys Fabulous FourGROWTH All living things grow and change over time

REPRODUCTION All living things must be able to make more of themselves

* All living things must come from other living things!

RESPONSE All living things respond to stimuliMETABOLISM All the chemical reactions that take place in an organism (ENERGY)

Living or Non-Living?

Living or Non-Living?

12. What is homeostasis?All organisms want to maintain stable internal body environmentExample:* What does your body do when its hot?* What does your body do when its cold?

Respond to StimuliAll living things are going to respond to changes in their environmentEye Demonstration: Working with a partner, have one partner shut their eyes and wait 30 seconds. When 30 seconds is up, the partner with their eyes open should watch the partners eyes who were closed. What do you notice? Switch roles and do this again.

13. Living Things Need.In order to survive, living things NEED some things for survivalLivingThingsNeedHomeostasisWaterFoodLiving Space14. Food SourcesOrganisms can be autotrophs or heterotrophsAutotrophs: Can make their own food INTERNALLYHeterotrophs: Cannot make their own food

*#15 complete on your own!