Chapter 23

China, Japan, Philippines, & Burma

• Tiananmen square massacre–1989 thousands of political protestors

filled square outside of Beijing –Held hunger strikes & refused to leave

–Troops moved in (shot & killed hundreds)

–Rest of world stunned (used to tanks)

• Korea–After WWII divided 38th par (USSR-

north)supposed to be temp–US/USSR agreed 1 govt –Kim il sung leader of North–Rhee leader of south

–1950 North invades South

• Korea–US sends troops to help South

–US/UN push North back all way to China

–China joins in to help North–1953 cease fire forms 2 countries

–South still a dictatorship

• Taiwan & nationalist–1949 set up new govt–Allowed to govern self

–US gave aid even though not DEM–Major econ power(producer)–Allows open elections now–US stations soldiers & navy

• Japan–SCAP- supreme commander of

allied powers(Macarthur)–Disarmed Japan but empowered

them econ–Created a constitution (parl dem)

–Diet- their parliament

• Japan–Standard of living improved –Women gained more rights–Quality of life went down b/c

people worked more & population increased

–LDP- liberal DEM party- dominate political party from 50’s – 90’s

• Philippines–Marco- leader in 70’s imposed

martial law–Supported by US even though

dictator–Aquino- wife of assassinated

opposition leader- elected 1986- brought DEM back (econ hurt)

• Burma/Myanmar–1948 ind from GB

–U Nu first leader but was pushed out by Ne Win (ruled 1962-88)

–New destroyed econ by using govt control

–1988 New resigned & country renamed self Myanmar

–Aung San Suu Kyi- won Nobel prize

• Vietnam–Ind from FR after WWII

–Viet minh- fought FR for ind led by Ho Chi Minh- 1945 ind

–Dien Bien Phu- major defeated of FR (FR agrees to peace talk)

–Geneva Accord- 1954 ended war. Divided into 2 zones 1956 elections

• Vietnam–North= communist china/USSR.

South=DEM/US–Diem- leader of South.

–Domino theory- US thought if 1 fell all would become communist

–LBJ- escalated war & sent more troops

• Vietnam–Tet offensive- 1968 North offensive

on Viet new year–Paris peace accord- 1973 ended US

involvement- 1975 South taken over

–Reunification-1976 country reunited Ho Chi Minh City new

capital

• Laos–Ind from FR 1954–Civil war for 20 yrs

–Ho Chi Mihn trail- Viet Cong used as supply route through mountains in

East–US bombed causing heavy damage

–Became communist–Growing econ today

• Cambodia–Ind from FR 1953

–HCM trail went through as well- tried to remain neutral- US

invaded–Khmer Rouge - communist- 1975

seized Phnom Penh–Pol Pot- leader of Rouge

• Cambodia–Mass genocide- 75-77 killed 1

million +. Emptied cities sent all to farms (return to old ways)–Killed govt officials, army,

teachers, & intellectuals–Put children in charge

–1979 Viet took over & installed own govt