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CHAPTER 23The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West,
1760-1914
World Civilizations: The Global ExperienceFifth Edition
Stearns/Adas/Schwartz/Gilbert
Copyright 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman
Chapter 28: The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1760-1914
Stearns et al., World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
I. The Age of RevolutionII. The Consolidation of the Industrial Order, 1850-1914III. Cultural TransformationsIV. Western Settler SocietiesV. Diplomatic Tensions and World War I
Chapter 28: The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1760-1914
Stearns et al., World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
I. The Age of Revolution
A. Optimism Against All OddsMarquis of Condorcet
Progress of the Human Mind
B. Forces of ChangeEnlightenmentCommercializationPopulation growth
C. The American Revolution1775, outbreak of the Revolution
French aid
1789, new constitution
Chapter 28: The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1760-1914
Stearns et al., World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
I. The Age of Revolution
D. Crisis in France in 1789Enlightenment influence
1789, Louis XVI calls parliament
AssemblyDeclaration of the Rights of Man and the CitizenJuly 14, Bastille attacked
PrinciplesSerfdom abolishedEquality for menEnd to aristocratic privilegeChurch privilege endedElective parliament
Chapter 28: The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1760-1914
Stearns et al., World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
I. The Age of Revolution
E. The French Revolution: Radical and Authoritarian Phases
ReactionChurchAristocracyForeign powers
Radical shiftKing executedReign of Terror
Maximilien de Robespierre
1795, more moderate government
Napoleon BonaparteAuthoritarianSupports key principlesExpansionist
EmpireMost of Europe by 18121815, defeated
Napoleon’s Empire in 1812
Chapter 28: The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1760-1914
Stearns et al., World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
I. The Age of Revolution
F. A Conservative Settlement and the Revolutionary LegacyCongress of Vienna of 1815
New political movementsLiberals
Constitutional ruleProtection of freedomsEspecially middle class
RadicalsExtension of voting rightsSocialism
Attack property rightsNationalists
Spread of Revolutions, 1820s, 1830sGreece, Spain, Portugal, France, Italy, Germany, Belgium
Extension of male suffrageBritain, United States
Chapter 28: The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1760-1914
Stearns et al., World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
I. The Age of Revolution
G. Industrialization and the Revolutions of 1848Lower classes
Political action
Britain accommodates demands
Revolts in Germany, Austria, Hungary
France, 1848, monarch overthrown
GoalsLiberal constitutionsSocial reform
End of serfdomWomen’s rightsEthnic demands
Chapter 28: The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1760-1914
Stearns et al., World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
II. The Consolidation of the Industrial Order, 1850-1914
A. Adjustments to Industrial Life
FamiliesBirth and death rates down
Labor movements
Rural cooperatives Industrialization in Europe c. 1850
Chapter 28: The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1760-1914
Stearns et al., World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
II. The Consolidation of the Industrial Order, 1850-1914
B. Political Trends and the Rise of New Nations
After 1850, leaders learn to adopt changeBenjamin Disraeli
Vote for working-class males, 1867Camillo di Cavour
Supports industrializationOtto von Bismarck
Vote for all adult males
Nationalism usedBismarck
German Unification, 1871
The Unification of Italy
Chapter 28: The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1760-1914
Stearns et al., World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
II. The Consolidation of the Industrial Order, 1850-1914
continued
The Unification of Germany, 1815-1871
Chapter 28: The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1760-1914
Stearns et al., World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
II. The Consolidation of the Industrial Order, 1850-1914
C. The Social Question and New Government FunctionsSchool systems
Literacy increases
WelfareHealth, old age
Social reform becomes key political issueSocialism
Karl MarxParties in Germany, Austria, France, 1880s
Women gain right to vote in many countries
Chapter 28: The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1760-1914
Stearns et al., World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
III. Cultural Transformations
A. Emphasis on Consumption and LeisurePleasure-seeking more acceptable
ConsumerismNewspapersEntertainmentVacations
Leisure a commodityTeam sportsTravel industry
Chapter 28: The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1760-1914
Stearns et al., World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
III. Cultural Transformations
B. Advances in Scientific KnowledgeRationalism
DarwinEvolution
EinsteinRelativity
Social SciencesScience applied to human lifeFreud
C. New Directions in Artistic ExpressionRomanticism
Opposed to rationalismHuman emotionSplit between artists and scientists
Chapter 28: The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1760-1914
Stearns et al., World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
IV. Western Settler Societies
Industrialization makes west more powerfulImpact of improved transportation, communication
A. Emerging Power of the United States
American Civil War, 1861-1865Spurs industrialization
Early 19th-Century Settlements in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand
Chapter 28: The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1760-1914
Stearns et al., World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
IV. Western Settler Societies
B. European Settlements in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand
Peopled by immigrants
Follow European political, economic, cultural patterns
CanadaFederal system
AustraliaFrom 1788Gold rush, agricultural developmentFederal system by 1900
New ZealandMaori defeated by 1860sAgricultural economy
Chapter 28: The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1760-1914
Stearns et al., World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
V. Diplomatic Tensions and World War I
Rise of GermanyBismarckUnsettles balance of power
European global expansionLatin America independentAfrica controlled by EuropeansChina, Middle East
Zones of European rivalry
Chapter 28: The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1760-1914
Stearns et al., World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007
V. Diplomatic Tensions and World War I
A. The New Alliance System
By 1907Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, ItalyTriple Entente: Britain, Russia, France
InstabilityRussian Revolution, 1905Austria-Hungary
Ethnic conflictBalkans
Free of Ottoman controlDivided by enmities
1914, assassination of Austrian archduke
B. Diplomacy and Society
Instability in 1800sNationalismPolitical divisionIndustrial pressures
The Balkans before the Regional Wars, 1912
The Balkans after the Regional Wars, 1913
