Chapter 27 - Plant Tissues - OKALOOSA SCHOOLS€¦ · Web viewcells that die when mature, but their thick cell walls remain to lend sturdiness to the plant c. replaces the epidermis

Chapter 27 - Plant Tissues

Multiple Choice

1. Which statement does not apply to carbon dioxide? a. It is released in the burning of fossil fuels. b. It contributes to ozone destruction. c. It is absorbed by plants. d. It contributes to global warming. e. It is increasing in abundance in the atmosphere.ANSWER: bDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.1 Carbon SequestrationLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.1 - Examine the importance of carbon sequestration.

2. Funds from carbon offsets, which are purchased by companies and individuals, are used for many purposes. What is one of these? a. replanting deforested areas b. burning large expanses of rainforests c. decreasing plant density in existing forests d. clear-cutting old growth forests e. converting forests to croplandANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.1 Carbon SequestrationLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.1 - Examine the importance of carbon sequestration.

3. What types of plants dominate the plant kingdom? a. eudicots b. monocots c. trees d. flowering plants e. grassesANSWER: dDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: RememberREFERENCES: 27.2 The Plant BodyLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.2 - Outline the internal and external components of a plant using

diagrams.

4. What are the two organ systems of a vascular plant body? a. shoots and roots b. stems and leaves c. stems and roots d. leaves and roots e. leaves and flowersANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: Understand

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REFERENCES: 27.2 The Plant BodyLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.2 - Outline the internal and external components of a plant using

diagrams.

5. What are leaves specialized to do? a. provide structural support b. intercept sunlight for photosynthesis c. absorb water d. absorb minerals e. distribute water and mineralsANSWER: bDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.2 The Plant BodyLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.2 - Outline the internal and external components of a plant using

diagrams.

6. Which component distributes water and nutrients throughout the plant body? a. ground tissue b. vascular tissue c. dermal tissue d. root e. shootANSWER: bDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.2 The Plant BodyLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.2 - Outline the internal and external components of a plant using

diagrams.

7. One way in which monocots and eudicots differ is in ____. a. having the capacity to bear seeds b. their types of tissues c. their organ systems d. their pattern of tissue organization e. having vascular bundlesANSWER: dDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: AnalyzeREFERENCES: 27.2 The Plant BodyLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.2 - Outline the internal and external components of a plant using

diagrams.

8. Most of the plant body is composed of ____. a. dermal tissue b. root tissue c. ground tissue d. vascular tissue



e. cork tissueANSWER: cDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.2 The Plant BodyLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.2 - Outline the internal and external components of a plant using

diagrams.

Figure 27.3BUse the figure above to answer the following two questions.

9. The letter "A" in the accompanying figure represents the ____ plane. a. transverse b. radial c. tangential d. elliptical e. obtuseANSWER: bDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.2 The Plant BodyPREFACE NAME: Figure 27.3BLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.2 - Outline the internal and external components of a plant using

diagrams.

10. The letter "C" in the accompanying figure represents the ____ plane. a. transverse b. radial c. tangential d. elliptical e. obtuseANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.2 The Plant BodyPREFACE NAME: Figure 27.3BLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.2 - Outline the internal and external components of a plant using

diagrams.

11. Complex tissues are tissues consisting of ____. a. two or more cell types b. only one cell type c. only parenchyma cells d. only collenchyma cells



e. only sclerenchyma cellsANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.3 Plant TissuesLEARNING OBJECTIVES:

UDOL.STES.16.27.3 - Examine the structure and function of different plant tissues using examples.

12. Chloroplast-containing parenchyma tissue is called ____. a. sclerenchyma b. collenchyma c. meristem d. mesophyll e. peridermANSWER: dDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.3 Plant TissuesLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


Figure 27.5Use the figure above to answer the following two questions.

13. The letter "A" in the accompanying figure represents ____. a. sclerenchyma fibers b. parenchyma c. xylem d. epidermis e. phloemANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.3 Plant TissuesPREFACE NAME: Figure 27.5LEARNING OBJECTIVES:




14. The letter "B" in the accompanying figure represents ____. a. sclerenchyma fibers b. parenchyma c. xylem d. epidermis e. phloemANSWER: bDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.3 Plant TissuesPREFACE NAME: Figure 27.5LEARNING OBJECTIVES:


15. The complex polysaccharide that provides flexibility to the primary walls of collenchyma cells is called ____. a. cellulose b. lignin c. fiber d. pectin e. cuticleANSWER: dDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.3 Plant TissuesLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


16. Which cells are alive at maturity? a. sieve elements b. vessel members c. tracheids d. vessel members and tracheids e. sieve elements and vessel membersANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.3 Plant TissuesLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


17. Plants control the diffusion of water vapor and gases across the epidermis by means of ____. a. xylem b. phloem c. periderm d. companion cells e. stomataANSWER: e



DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.3 Plant TissuesLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


18. The vascular tissue that conducts water and mineral ions is called ____. a. sieve elements b. companion cells c. sclerenchyma d. xylem e. phloemANSWER: dDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.3 Plant TissuesLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


19. Regions of a stem that give rise to new shoots or roots are called ____. a. ground tissue b. dermal tissue c. cortex cells d. internodes e. nodesANSWER: eDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.4 StemsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:

UDOL.STES.16.27.10 - Examine the different types of specializations of plant stem using examples.

20. ____ are short sections of underground stem encased by overlapping layers of thickened, modified leaves called scales. a. Stolons b. Rhizomes c. Bulbs d. Corms e. TubersANSWER: cDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.4 StemsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


21. Runners are modified stems that resemble roots and are also known as ____. a. stolons b. rhizomes



c. bulbs d. corms e. TubersANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.4 StemsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


Figure 27.13

22. The accompanying figure shows a cross-section through the vascular cylinder of a(n) ____. a. monocot stem b. eudicot stem c. monocot root d. eudicot root e. eudicot leaf veinANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.6 RootsPREFACE NAME: Figure 27.13LEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.7 - Examine the structure of a plant root.

23. In most eudicots, a short stalk called a ____ attaches the leaf to a stem. a. vascular bundle b. petiole c. node d. bundle sheath e. stomataANSWER: bDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.5 Leaves



LEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.6 - Examine the structure of a leaf using a diagram.

Figure 27.8A

24. Figure "A" in the accompanying figure is a ____. a. cotyledon b. cladode c. corm d. eudicot leaf e. monocot leafANSWER: eDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.5 LeavesPREFACE NAME: Figure 27.8ALEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.6 - Examine the structure of a leaf using a diagram.

25. What are leaf veins? a. vascular bundles of leaves b. photosynthetic cells of leaves c. sclerenchyma cells of leaves d. palisade mesophyll of leaves e. spongy mesophyll of leavesANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.5 LeavesLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.6 - Examine the structure of a leaf using a diagram.

26. Epidermal cells secrete a translucent, waxy ____ to slow water loss. a. mesophyll b. cuticle c. pectin layer d. lignin layer e. trichomeANSWER: b



DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.5 LeavesLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.6 - Examine the structure of a leaf using a diagram.

27. Roots that form on stems or leaves are called ____. a. taproots b. fibrous c. adventitious d. primary e. secondaryANSWER: cDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.6 RootsLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.7 - Examine the structure of a plant root.

28. In most eudicots, the primary root that emerges from a seed thickens and grows longer to become a(n) ____. a. taproot b. fibrous root system c. secondary root d. adventitious root e. lateral rootANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.6 RootsLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.7 - Examine the structure of a plant root.

29. Which structure gives rise to lateral roots? a. endodermis b. cortex c. epidermis d. pericycle e. pithANSWER: dDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.6 RootsLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.7 - Examine the structure of a plant root.



Figure 27.13BUse the figure above to answer the following two questions.

30. The letter "B" in the accompanying figure represents ____. a. pericycle b. endodermis c. xylem d. root cortex e. phloemANSWER: eDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.6 RootsPREFACE NAME: Figure 27.13BLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.7 - Examine the structure of a plant root.

31. The letter "A" in the accompanying figure represents ____. a. pericycle b. endodermis c. primary xylem d. root cortex e. primary phloemANSWER: dDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.6 RootsPREFACE NAME: Figure 27.13BLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.7 - Examine the structure of a plant root.

32. The outer boundary of a root’s vascular cylinder is a layer of cells called ____. a. pericycle b. cortex c. epidermis d. steleCopyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 10


e. endodermisANSWER: eDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.6 RootsLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.7 - Examine the structure of a plant root.

33. A mass of ____ lies just below the surface of a terminal bud of an actively lengthening shoot. a. ground tissue b. dermal tissue c. vascular tissue d. apical meristem e. cortex cellsANSWER: dDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.7 Primary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.5 - Examine the impact of the apical meristems on plant growth.

34. Division and differentiation of ground meristem gives rise to ____. a. ground tissue b. vascular tissue c. dermal tissue d. protoderm e. procambiumANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.7 Primary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.5 - Examine the impact of the apical meristems on plant growth.

35. Primary growth in roots originates from ____. a. dermal cells b. vascular cells c. apical meristems d. lateral meristems e. the pericycleANSWER: cDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.7 Primary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.5 - Examine the impact of the apical meristems on plant growth.

36. What is periderm? a. special epidermal cells that regulate gas exchange b. outer layer of the vascular cylinder in a plant root c. layers of cells just inside root endodermis d. dermal tissue that replaces epidermis on the surfaces of older stems and roots



e. tissue that consists of densely packed dead cells with thickened, waxy wallsANSWER: dDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.8 Secondary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVES:

UDOL.STES.16.27.8 - Outline the process of secondary growth in plants using diagrams and examples.

37. Cylindrical layers of meristem that run lengthwise through shoots and roots, and allow for thickening, are called ____. a. lateral meristems b. apical meristems c. ground meristem d. Procambium e. ProtodermANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.8 Secondary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


38. What is wood? a. secondary xylem that has accumulated outside a cylinder of vascular cambium b. secondary xylem that has accumulated inside a cylinder of vascular cambium c. primary xylem that has accumulated outside a cylinder of vascular cambium d. primary xylem that has accumulated inside a cylinder of vascular cambium e. vascular cambium cellsANSWER: bDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.8 Secondary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


39. Which environment is most likely to produce trees without annual rings? a. tropical rain forest b. northern evergreen forest c. areas with alternating wet and dry seasons d. temperate-deciduous forests e. none of these, because annual rings are characteristic of all treesANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.9 Tree Rings and Old SecretsLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.9 - Describe how tree rings help in estimating the past events.

Labeling. The following statements refer to the figure below showing the general body plan of a plant.



Figure 27.2

40. The plant parts ABOVE the line at "C" represent the __________. a. ground tissue only b. root system c. shoot system d. stalk e. light-independent partsANSWER: cDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: EvaluateREFERENCES: 27.2 The Plant BodyPREFACE NAME: Figure 27.2Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 13


LEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.2 - Outline the internal and external components of a plant using diagrams.

Matching

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a. gives rise to peridermb. transfer sugars into sieve elementsc. vascular tissue in the rootd. living cells that conduct sugars and other organic solutese. a layer of specialized parenchyma one or two cells thick, just inside the endodermisf. clusters of strands containing xylem, phloem, and vascular cambiumg. the principle xylem cells of pines, cypress, and other conifersh. cells with thick secondary walls impregnated with lignin that are especially abundant in some fruits and seedsi. the principal photosynthetic region of a leafj. regions of undifferentiated cells that can divide rapidlyk. bottom layer of parenchyma in a leaf with large air spaces between the cellsDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.3 Plant TissuesLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


41. companion cellsANSWER: b

42. sclereidsANSWER: h

43. sieve elementsANSWER: d

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a. gives rise to peridermb. transfer sugars into sieve elementsc. vascular tissue in the rootd. living cells that conduct sugars and other organic solutese. a layer of specialized parenchyma one or two cells thick, just inside the endodermisf. clusters of strands containing xylem, phloem, and vascular cambiumg. the principle xylem cells of pines, cypress, and other conifersh. cells with thick secondary walls impregnated with lignin that are especially abundant in some fruits and seedsi. the principal photosynthetic region of a leafj. regions of undifferentiated cells that can divide rapidlyk. bottom layer of parenchyma in a leaf with large air spaces between the cellsDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.8 Secondary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVE UDOL.STES.16.27.8 - Outline the process of secondary growth in plants using diagrams and Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 14


S: examples.

44. cork cambiumANSWER: a

45. tracheidsANSWER: g

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a. gives rise to peridermb. transfer sugars into sieve elementsc. vascular tissue in the rootd. living cells that conduct sugars and other organic solutese. a layer of specialized parenchyma one or two cells thick, just inside the endodermisf. clusters of strands containing xylem, phloem, and vascular cambiumg. the principle xylem cells of pines, cypress, and other conifersh. cells with thick secondary walls impregnated with lignin that are especially abundant in some fruits and seedsi. the principal photosynthetic region of a leafj. regions of undifferentiated cells that can divide rapidlyk. bottom layer of parenchyma in a leaf with large air spaces between the cellsDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.7 Primary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.5 - Examine the impact of the apical meristems on plant growth.

46. meristemsANSWER: j

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a. gives rise to peridermb. transfer sugars into sieve elementsc. vascular tissue in the rootd. living cells that conduct sugars and other organic solutese. a layer of specialized parenchyma one or two cells thick, just inside the endodermisf. clusters of strands containing xylem, phloem, and vascular cambiumg. the principle xylem cells of pines, cypress, and other conifersh. cells with thick secondary walls impregnated with lignin that are especially abundant in some fruits and seedsi. the principal photosynthetic region of a leafj. regions of undifferentiated cells that can divide rapidlyk. bottom layer of parenchyma in a leaf with large air spaces between the cellsDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.5 LeavesLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.6 - Examine the structure of a leaf using a diagram.

47. palisade mesophyllANSWER: i



48. spongy mesophyllANSWER: k

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a. gives rise to peridermb. transfer sugars into sieve elementsc. vascular tissue in the rootd. living cells that conduct sugars and other organic solutese. a layer of specialized parenchyma one or two cells thick, just inside the endodermisf. clusters of strands containing xylem, phloem, and vascular cambiumg. the principle xylem cells of pines, cypress, and other conifersh. cells with thick secondary walls impregnated with lignin that are especially abundant in some fruits and seedsi. the principal photosynthetic region of a leafj. regions of undifferentiated cells that can divide rapidlyk. bottom layer of parenchyma in a leaf with large air spaces between the cellsDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.6 RootsLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.7 - Examine the structure of a plant root.

49. pericycleANSWER: e

50. vascular cylinderANSWER: c

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a. gives rise to peridermb. transfer sugars into sieve elementsc. vascular tissue in the rootd. living cells that conduct sugars and other organic solutese. a layer of specialized parenchyma one or two cells thick, just inside the endodermisf. clusters of strands containing xylem, phloem, and vascular cambiumg. the principle xylem cells of pines, cypress, and other conifersh. cells with thick secondary walls impregnated with lignin that are especially abundant in some fruits and seedsi. the principal photosynthetic region of a leafj. regions of undifferentiated cells that can divide rapidlyk. bottom layer of parenchyma in a leaf with large air spaces between the cellsDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.4 StemsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


51. vascular bundlesANSWER: f

Match all applicable letters with the most appropriate term.Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 16


a. tissue that supports rapidly growing pant partsb. cells that die when mature, but their thick cell walls remain to lend sturdiness to the plantc. replaces the epidermis on the surfaces of older stems and rootsd. ground tissue located inside the ring of vascular bundles in a eudicot steme. cells that regulate the diffusion of water vapor and other gases into and out of the plantf. outermost layer of a young plantg. comprised of sieve elements and their associated companion cellsh. ground tissue is primarily composed of this type of celli. gives rise to xylem and phloem during secondary growthj. layer of cells that form the outer boundary of the vascular cylinderk. gives rise to vascular tissue during primary growthl. consists of two types of cells: vessel elements and tracheidsm. parenchyma cells that contain chloroplastsDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.3 Plant TissuesLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.4 - Discuss the internal components of a plant.

52. collenchymaANSWER: a

53. mesophyllANSWER: m

54. epidermisANSWER: f

55. parenchymaANSWER: h

56. phloemANSWER: g

57. sclerenchymaANSWER: b

58. stomataANSWER: e

59. xylemANSWER: l

Match all applicable letters with the most appropriate term.a. tissue that supports rapidly growing pant partsb. cells that die when mature, but their thick cell walls remain to lend sturdiness to the plantc. replaces the epidermis on the surfaces of older stems and rootsd. ground tissue located inside the ring of vascular bundles in a eudicot stem



e. cells that regulate the diffusion of water vapor and other gases into and out of the plantf. outermost layer of a young plantg. comprised of sieve elements and their associated companion cellsh. ground tissue is primarily composed of this type of celli. gives rise to xylem and phloem during secondary growthj. layer of cells that form the outer boundary of the vascular cylinderk. gives rise to vascular tissue during primary growthl. consists of two types of cells: vessel elements and tracheidsm. parenchyma cells that contain chloroplastsDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.6 RootsLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.4 - Discuss the internal components of a plant.

60. endodermisANSWER: j

Match all applicable letters with the most appropriate term.a. tissue that supports rapidly growing pant partsb. cells that die when mature, but their thick cell walls remain to lend sturdiness to the plantc. replaces the epidermis on the surfaces of older stems and rootsd. ground tissue located inside the ring of vascular bundles in a eudicot steme. cells that regulate the diffusion of water vapor and other gases into and out of the plantf. outermost layer of a young plantg. comprised of sieve elements and their associated companion cellsh. ground tissue is primarily composed of this type of celli. gives rise to xylem and phloem during secondary growthj. layer of cells that form the outer boundary of the vascular cylinderk. gives rise to vascular tissue during primary growthl. consists of two types of cells: vessel elements and tracheidsm. parenchyma cells that contain chloroplastsDIFFICULTY: 27.8 Secondary GrowthREFERENCES: 27.8 Secondary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.4 - Discuss the internal components of a plant.

61. vascular cambiumANSWER: i

Match all applicable letters with the most appropriate term.a. tissue that supports rapidly growing pant partsb. cells that die when mature, but their thick cell walls remain to lend sturdiness to the plantc. replaces the epidermis on the surfaces of older stems and rootsd. ground tissue located inside the ring of vascular bundles in a eudicot steme. cells that regulate the diffusion of water vapor and other gases into and out of the plantf. outermost layer of a young plantg. comprised of sieve elements and their associated companion cellsCopyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 18


h. ground tissue is primarily composed of this type of celli. gives rise to xylem and phloem during secondary growthj. layer of cells that form the outer boundary of the vascular cylinderk. gives rise to vascular tissue during primary growthl. consists of two types of cells: vessel elements and tracheidsm. parenchyma cells that contain chloroplastsDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.8 Secondary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.4 - Discuss the internal components of a plant.

62. peridermANSWER: c

Match all applicable letters with the most appropriate term.a. tissue that supports rapidly growing pant partsb. cells that die when mature, but their thick cell walls remain to lend sturdiness to the plantc. replaces the epidermis on the surfaces of older stems and rootsd. ground tissue located inside the ring of vascular bundles in a eudicot steme. cells that regulate the diffusion of water vapor and other gases into and out of the plantf. outermost layer of a young plantg. comprised of sieve elements and their associated companion cellsh. ground tissue is primarily composed of this type of celli. gives rise to xylem and phloem during secondary growthj. layer of cells that form the outer boundary of the vascular cylinderk. gives rise to vascular tissue during primary growthl. consists of two types of cells: vessel elements and tracheidsm. parenchyma cells that contain chloroplastsDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.4 StemsLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.4 - Discuss the internal components of a plant.

63. pithANSWER: d

Match all applicable letters with the most appropriate term.a. tissue that supports rapidly growing pant partsb. cells that die when mature, but their thick cell walls remain to lend sturdiness to the plantc. replaces the epidermis on the surfaces of older stems and rootsd. ground tissue located inside the ring of vascular bundles in a eudicot steme. cells that regulate the diffusion of water vapor and other gases into and out of the plantf. outermost layer of a young plantg. comprised of sieve elements and their associated companion cellsh. ground tissue is primarily composed of this type of celli. gives rise to xylem and phloem during secondary growthj. layer of cells that form the outer boundary of the vascular cylinderCopyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 19


k. gives rise to vascular tissue during primary growthl. consists of two types of cells: vessel elements and tracheidsm. parenchyma cells that contain chloroplastsDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.7 Primary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.4 - Discuss the internal components of a plant.

64. procambiumANSWER: k

Classification. Answer the following questions in reference to the five plant tissues listed below.a. parenchymab. collenchymac. sclerenchymad. xyleme. phloemDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.3 Plant TissuesLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.4 - Discuss the internal components of a plant.

65. part of ground tissue, sometimes containing lignin that strengthens the adult plantANSWER: c

66. vascular tissue that conducts and distributes food to plant cellsANSWER: e

67. vascular tissue that conducts water and mineral ions throughout a plantANSWER: d

68. tissue containing cells with pectin on their primary wallsANSWER: b

69. tissue involved with storage of proteins, water, oils, and starchANSWER: a

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the five plant tissues listed below.a. protodermb. ground meristemc. procambiumd. vascular cambiume. cork cambiumDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.8 Secondary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


70. This tissue gives rise to periderm.



ANSWER: e

71. This tissue gives rise to the protective covering that forms the bark of a tree.ANSWER: e

72. This tissue gives rise to the xylem and phloem of an older tree.ANSWER: d

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the five plant tissues listed below.a. protodermb. ground meristemc. procambiumd. vascular cambiume. cork cambiumDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.7 Primary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.5 - Examine the impact of the apical meristems on plant growth.

73. This tissue gives rise to primary tissue forming xylem and phloem.ANSWER: c

74. This tissue gives rise to primary vascular tissue.ANSWER: c

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the four source tissues of plant roots listed below.a. primary meristemsb. ground meristemc. pericycled. vascular cambiumDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.7 Primary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.5 - Examine the impact of the apical meristems on plant growth.

75. This tissue gives rise to the root cortex.ANSWER: b

76. This tissue gives rise to protoderm and procambium.ANSWER: a

77. This tissue gives rise to ground meristem.ANSWER: a

78. This tissue gives rise to lateral roots.ANSWER: c

Classification. Respond to the following statements in reference to the four source tissues of plant roots listed below.a. primary meristems



b. ground meristemc. pericycled. vascular cambiumDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES: 27.8 Secondary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


79. This tissue gives rise to secondary phloem and xylem.ANSWER: d

Labeling. The following statements refer to the figure below showing the general body plan of a plant.



Figure 27.2DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: EvaluateREFERENCES: 27.2 The Plant BodyLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.2 - Outline the internal and external components of a plant using

diagrams.

80. The absorption of water and minerals occurs at the structure labeled __________.ANSWER: d

81. The seeds are located inside the structure labeled __________.ANSWER: b

82. The sexual organs of the plant are contained in the structure labeled __________.ANSWER: a

Labeling. The following statements refer to the accompanying figure showing the fine structure of a leaf

Figure 27.10ADIFFICULTY: Bloom's: EvaluateREFERENCES: 27.5 LeavesLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.6 - Examine the structure of a leaf using a diagram.

83. Cells rich in chlorophyll and thus the main sites of photosynthesis are in layers labeled ____.ANSWER: b

84. Epidermis is labeled ____.ANSWER: a

85. The spongy mesophyll is labeled ____.ANSWER: c

Completion

86. Shoots and roots consist of ____________________, ____________________, and ____________________ tissue systems.ANSWER: ground; vascular; dermal

ground; dermal; vascularvascular; dermal; groundvascular; ground; dermal



dermal; ground; vasculardermal; vascular; ground

DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.2 The Plant BodyLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.2 - Outline the internal and external components of a plant using

diagrams.

87. Monocots and eudicots differ in how xylem and phloem are distributed in ground tissue, in the number of petals in flowers, and in the number of ____________________.ANSWER: cotyledonsDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.2 The Plant BodyLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.2 - Outline the internal and external components of a plant using

diagrams.

88. Primary growth (lengthening) arises from ____________________.ANSWER: apical meristemsDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.7 Primary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.27.5 - Examine the impact of the apical meristems on plant growth.

89. Secondary growth (thickening) arises from ____________________.ANSWER: lateral meristemsDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.8 Secondary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVES:

UDOL.STES.27.8 - Outline the process of secondary growth in plants using diagrams and examples.

90. The simple plant tissues are ____________________, ____________________, and ____________________.ANSWER: parenchyma; collenchyma; sclerenchyma

parenchyma; sclerenchyma; collenchymasclerenchyma; collenchyma; parenchymasclerenchyma; parenchyma; collenchymacollenchyma; parenchyma; sclerenchymacollenchyma; sclerenchyma; parenchyma



91. Photosynthetic parenchyma is called ____________________.ANSWER: mesophyllDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: RememberREFERENCES: 27.3 Plant TissuesLEARNING OBJECTIVES:




92. ____________________ covers and protects the outer surfaces of primary plant parts.ANSWER: EpidermisDIFFICULTY: Bloom's: RememberREFERENCES: 27.3 Plant TissuesLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


Essay

93. Do trees really sequester carbon permanently or does this take place simply while they are alive?ANSWER: While trees do not sequester carbon permanently, they do store it for longer than their lifespan. Much

of the carbon is trapped in slow-to-degrade forms such as cellulose and lignin. As a result, the release of carbon from the decaying plant matter is exceedingly gradual.

DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.1 Carbon SequestrationLEARNING OBJECTIVES:

UDOL.STES.16.27.1 - Examine the importance of carbon sequestration.

94. Imagine you were ‘building’ a plant. You wanted a particular tissue to be somewhat rigid but capable of rapid growth. What tissue type would you pick?ANSWER: Parenchyma cells are capable of rapid growth but are not rigid. Sclerenchyma cells are rigid, but dead

at maturity and therefore cannot grow. The best choice would be collenchyma cells, which have thick walls for rigidity but are alive at maturity and can grow.



95. For a mineral nutrient to get to the leaves, the mineral must make it to the plant xylem. Which layers would the nutrient need to traverse in a dicot?ANSWER: The nutrient would enter the plant via the epidermis. Next, it would move through the cortex.

Following this it would cross the endodermis and pericycle. Finally, it would enter the xylem.DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES: 27.6 RootsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:

UDOL.STES.16.27.7 - Examine the structure of a plant root.

96. Why does vascular cambium produce annual rings in xylem but not in phloem?ANSWER: Secondary xylem is produced within the vascular cambium, and new layers of xylem are deposited

around the old layers. As a result, the older layers of xylem are not damaged. Secondary phloem is deposited outside the vascular cambium. As the tree gets larger in diameter, the secondary phloem is crushed, stretched and continually replaced. As a result older layers are not visible.

DIFFICULTY: Bloom's: AnalyzeREFERENCES: 27.8 Secondary GrowthLEARNING OBJECTIVES:

UDOL.STES.27.8 - Outline the process of secondary growth in plants using diagrams and examples.


Documents

Chapter 27 - Plant Tissues - OKALOOSA SCHOOLS€¦ · Web viewcells that die when mature, but their thick cell walls remain to lend sturdiness to the plant c. replaces the epidermis