CHAPTER 29CHAPTER 29

The Turbulent Years, 1960 - 1968

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I. Early Tests I. Early Tests

JFK increases Social Security, establishes Peace Corps, and sets out on “space race”

First crisis occurs in failed overthrow of Castro at Cuba’s Bay of Pigs

Soviet Union erects Berlin Wall Freedom Riders desegregate transportation JFK sees economy as first priority

II. Social and Political ChallengesII. Social and Political Challenges

James Meredith enters University of Mississippi

Cuban Missile Crisis frightens world in October 1962 Soviets build nuclear missile silos, and

Kennedy orders them out JFK holds hard line, and Soviets give in

Vietnam involves Kennedy and America

III. The Rights Revolution: III. The Rights Revolution: Early StepsEarly Steps Martin Luther King, Jr. galvanizes civil

rights movement Birmingham boycotters gain sympathy of

white Americans March of Washington provides forum for

MLK’s “I Have a Dream” speech

Feminists also change country

IV. Tragedy and TransitionIV. Tragedy and Transition

Kennedy assassination shocks nation Lyndon Johnson replaces fallen

president LBJ accomplishes much in first months LBJ wins landslide victory in 1964

The Election of 1964

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V. The Great SocietyV. The Great Society

Johnson declares “war on poverty,” with VISTA, Head Start, and food stamps

Medicare and Medicaid are created Immigration laws are relaxed

VI. The Expanding WarVI. The Expanding War

Aiming for containment, Johnson sends American troops to Vietnam in 1965

University campuses erupt in anti-war protests

Vietnam War

VII. The Rights Revolution: VII. The Rights Revolution: Center StageCenter Stage

Major legislation improves civil rights Watts riots shock nation in 1968 Black Muslims and Black Panthers arise

as alternative to MLK’s teachings Feminists push for Equal Rights

Amendment Hippies and the counterculture refuse to

get involved

The Struggle for the Equal Rights Amendment

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VIII. A Divided NationVIII. A Divided Nation Tet Offensive convinces many Americans

Vietnam is lost cause LBJ steps down, and Democrats jockey for

nomination Both Martin Luther King and Robert Kennedy

are assassinated Democratic convention brings discord Republicans choose Nixon, who wins narrow

victory

Vietnam War

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Election of 1968

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