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Demonstration Locations 3.1‐1
SECTION 3 – CHAPTER 1
Demonstration Locations
PriorchaptershaverevieweddesignguidelinesanddevelopedpoliciesandstrategiesforaddressingthefuturetransportationchallengesfacingtheCityofNorwalk.Theseefforts,combinedwithanextensiveoutreacheffortsandanalysisofdevelopmentcriteria,ledtothedevelopmentofaseriesof“Demonstration”projectsfortheCitytoconsider.Thischaptersummarizeshowthedemonstrationlocationswereselected,providesabriefdiscussionofthelocationsandwhytheyarerepresentativeofmanyofthecommonissuesandchallengesfacingthecity,andprovidesguidanceonhowthesevariousprojectswouldcompareagainstoneanother.
1.1 Overview ThecityofNorwalkundertookthisPlaninconjunctionwiththeSouthWesternRegionalPlanningAgency(SWRPA)andtheConnecticutDepartmentofTransportation(CTDOT)todevelopaTransportationManagementPlanthatwouldserveasablueprintforidentifyingaproject’sneeds,developingcontextsensitive/multimodalsolutionstothoseidentifiedneeds,andultimatelycreatingaprocessforprioritizingtheprojectfortheCity.TheultimategoalsofthisPlanisintendedtoprovideguidanceanddirectionfortheCityandprovidetemplatesfortransportationresourcesthatareplanned,designed,andconstructed;allwiththegoalof:
Providingforthesafetyandconvenienceofallusersoftheroadwaysystemincluding:
o Pedestrians(includingthosewhoneedassistancewithmobility)o Bicyclistso TransitUserso EmergencyServiceOperatorso AutomobileDriverso CommercialVehicleOperations
3.1‐2 Demonstration Locations
Facilitatingmulti‐modaluseofthesystem. Providingconsistencywithtransportationplansandpolicies,environmental
regulations,thecommunity,theregion,thestate,andtheFederalgovernment. Beingcosteffectiveforthefiscallyconstrainedrealitiesofthecurrenttimeswe
liveinandforsettingthegroundworkforprioritizingfuturecapitalspending.WhilethePlanitselfisguidedbytheprinciplesofMultimodalConsiderations,ContextSensitiveDesign,andprovidingaClearDevelopmentProcess;theCityultimatelyrequestedthataseriesofprojectsalsobedevelopedthatwouldconsidertheseguidelinesandadvancethemthroughtheprocessas“Demonstration”efforts.Thefollowingsectiondiscussestheprojectdemonstrationlocations.Itincludesadiscussionofhowspecificlocationswereselected,whichlocationswereselected,describeseachlocationinsomedetailandpresentstheuniquechallengesassociatedwiththeprojectlocationandultimatelypresentsapotentialsolutionforthelocationusingthecriteriapresentedinthePlan.
1.2 Selection of Demonstration Locations Attheoutsetofthisprocess,theprojectteammetwithresidents,businessowners,citystaffanddepartmentheads,andotherstakeholderstogatherextensiveinputontherealandperceivedchallengesandissuesfacingthetransportationsystemintheCityofNorwalk.Throughthisoutreacheffort,aconsistentsetofchallengesandconcernswereraisedbyallpartiesthatultimatelyformedthebasisforselectionoftheDemonstrationlocations.Acompletesummaryoftheoutreachefforts,thecommentsreceived,andtheoveralldiscussionisprovidedintheAppendixtothisdocument.Afterreviewingallthecommentsanddiscussionsthattookplace,therewerefivegeneralissuesthattendedtore‐appearintheoutreachefforts.Withoutreferringtospecificlocations,thesetrendswerebrokendownintothefollowinggroupings:
Operations–thisincludesintersectionsandlocationsthatexhibitexcessivedelays,congestion,andgenerallypoormobilityforvehiculartraffic.Thesearelocationswherethepublicperceivedthatimprovementscouldbemade,althoughinsomecasestheimprovementswerenotobvious.Italsoincludeslocationswherevehiclesarebeingenticedtotravelalongroadwaysthatarenotintendedtoserveasthroughroutes(cut‐throughtraffic).
Safety‐related–thisincludeslocationsthathavedemonstratedunsafesafetystatistics(highcrashlocations)orthroughperceivedissues(includinganecdotalcommentssuchas,“carsaretravelingatexcessivespeedsalongacorridor”),andthroughlocationsthathavehistoricallybeenchallengingtotransportationprofessionals(includinglocationswithpoorsightlines,etc…).
Section 3 – Chapter 1
Demonstration Locations 3.1‐3
Maintenance–thisincludeslocationsthatwerehighlightedasinneedofrepair,upgrade,orenhancementtosomedegree.Inmanycases,thepavementconditionwasthenumberonesourceofconcern,butsidewalkandsignagewerealsohighlightedinthesecases.
Bicycle/Pedestrian–thisincludeslocationsthatareeitherperceivedtobepoorlyservedbybike/pedamenities,havethepotentialtooffergrowthorenhancementtothepedestrian/bicyclecommunity,and/orhavetraditionallybeenignoredingeneral.
Parking–thisincludeslocationswhereparkingdemandisperceivedtobeunderservedforthearea,and/orinappropriatelyprovided.
Usingthesefivegroupings(alongwitha“miscellaneous”categorytocoverrandomcommentsunrelatedtothesefivegroupings),theprojectteamreviewedeachofthecommentsprovidedattheoutreachsessionsandlocatedtheissuesonamapoftheCityofNorwalk.Thegraphicindicatesthatthesechallengesarelocatedallthroughoutthecityandwhenreviewedinadetailedfashionrevealthatcharacterofacertainneighborhoodorportionofthecityhasalottodowiththeperceivedissue/concernraisedaspartofthePlan.Usingthisinformation,theProjectAdvisoryteamidentified11candidateroadwaycorridorsand13candidateintersectionswithintheCitylimitsthatexhibitoneormoreoftheabovetransportationchallenges.Usingthislisting,theProjectTeamthenreviewedeachoftheroadwaycorridorandintersectiontoprovideageneralcross‐sectionofgeographicdiversitythroughouttheCity,differentcontextstotheenvironmentthatitexistswithin,andthoselocationsthatofferuniquechallengestotheCommunityasawhole.Ultimately,thisreducedthe11candidateroadwaylocationsdownto2demonstrationcorridorsand5demonstrationintersections.Thefulllistingofcandidateroadwaysalongwiththeselecteddemonstrationlocationsisprovidedbelow:
1.2.1 Candidate Roadways AttachedattheendofthissectionisafigureshowingwhereeachofthespecificcandidateroadwaysandintersectionsarelocatedwithintheCity.Thefollowingwerelocationswereselectedand/orconsideredfordemonstration‘status’:
WestRocksRoad[SELECTEDASADEMONSTRATIONROADWAY]
WashingtonStreet/FairfieldAvenue[SELECTEDASADEMONSTRATIONROADWAY]
o MainStreet/MainAvenueo RichardsAvenue/RowaytonAvenueo TaylorAvenue/NorthTaylorAvenue/FillowStreeto FlaxHillRoad
3.1‐4 Demonstration Locations
o MLKDrive/WestAvenue/BeldenAvenueo Route1/ConnecticutAvenue/WestportAvenueo EastAvenue[Note:thislocationisunderdesignalreadyandwillbe
scoredinthePNF/PIFratingsattheendofthischapter]o StrawberryHillAvenueo CalfPastureBeachRoad
1.2.2 Candidate Intersections AttachedattheendofthissectionisafigureshowingwhereeachofthespecificcandidateintersectionsarelocatedwithintheCity.Thefollowingwerelocationswereselectedand/orconsideredfordemonstration‘status’:
Route123/NewCanaanAvenueatBartlettAvenue/EllsStreet[SELECTEDASADEMONSTRATIONINTERSECTION]
Route53/NewtownAvenueatMurrayStreet/DryHillRoad[SELECTEDASADEMONSTRATIONINTERSECTION]
WestAvenueatBeldenAvenue/MottAvenue[SELECTEDASADEMONSTRATIONINTERSECTION]
TaylorAvenueatFlaxHillRoad[SELECTEDASADEMONSTRATIONINTERSECTION]
FlaxHillRoadatRichardsAvenue/RowaytonAvenue[SELECTEDASADEMONSTRATIONINTERSECTION]
o GristMillRoadatBeldenHillRoad/NorthSeirHillRoado RichardsAvenueatWestCedarStreeto NorthTaylorAvenueatBenedictStreeto MapleStreetatRoute1(VanBurenAvenue)/StevensStreeto HighlandAvenueatSoundviewAvenue/DevilsGardenRoado Route123/MainStreetatRoute1/NorthAvenueo EastAvenue/ParkStreetatWallStreet/HubbellsLaneo StrawberryHillRoadatTierneyStreet
1.3 Demonstration Location Screening Thetransportationimprovementstrategiesoutlinedinpart1ofthePlanwereusedtoscreeneachoftheselectedDemonstrationlocations.Inthisprocess,eachlocationwas
Section 3 – Chapter 1
Demonstration Locations 3.1‐5
screedthroughtheevaluationprocessonthebasisofitstechnicalchallengesandcross‐referenceditwiththepubliccommentarythatwasreceivedduringouroutreachefforts.Thelaterwasespeciallyimportantinthatitidentifiedthe“perceived”issuewitheachlocation~whichwasthencomparedtothetechnicalreviewoftheintersectiontodetermineiftheperceptionmettherealityofthesituation.Inrareinstances,estimateswereusedtoassignascoreonthePNFformsastheinformationwasnotreadilyavailable(fundingsources,forexample,werenotexploredingreatdetail).Similarly,someanswersinthePIFformswerealsoestimatedbasedonlackofrealdata(costofimprovements,forexample).Inthesecases,thescoresarehighlightedinorange(insteadofyellow)tocallouttheassignedscoreforeachlocation.Thefollowingisasummaryofthescreeningperformedateachofthelocations.Wherenoted,alternativeshavebeendevelopedandarepresentedattheendofhitssectionforeachofthecorridorsandintersectionsselected.
1.3.1 Demonstration Corridors
1.3.1.1 Corridor 1: West Rocks Road/France Street/Park Street ThiscorridorformsamajorconnectionbetweenDowntownNorwalktoRoute7andthentoeitherI‐95ortheMerrittParkway.LandusesalongthecorridorareprimarilysinglefamilyresidentialwiththeWestRocksMiddleSchoolandAllSaintsCatholicSchoolalsofrontingthecorridor.Asacommuterroute,vehicularspeedstendtobehighandoutofcontextwiththelandusesalongthecorridor.Manygapsexistinthesidewalks,crosswalksarenotwellmarkedorinastateofdisrepairwheretheyexist,andbicyclefacilitiesarenonexistent.Thecorridorisalsoatransitroute,withbusserviceandtransitstopsalongthecorridor.Duetothepresenceoftheschools,residences,andtransitriders,pedestrianusageinthecorridorisexpectedbutnotadequatelyaccommodated.AProjectNeedFormwascompletedfortheWestRocksRoad/FranceStreet/ParkStreetcorridorasameansofmeasuringthetransportationneedsofthislocationalongsideotherdemonstrationprojects.Basedonavailableinformation,thiscorridorscoreda48.Thespeedingissuesalongthecorridor,lackofadequatepedestrianandbicycleaccommodations,transitservices,trafficvolumes,anddegreeofpublicsupportcontributedtothisscore.Objectivesalongthecorridorincludedthefollowing:
Createseamlesspedestrianfacilities; Createbicycleconnectionalongcorridor; Enhancethepedestrianrealmthroughcrosswalksandpedestriansignalheads;
3.1‐6 Demonstration Locations
Enhancethetransitridersrealmwithfurnishingsatstops;and Tamevehicularspeedstobemoreincontextwiththeneighborhoodand
expectednon‐motorizedtravelers.
Exacerbatingtheissuesarethetopographyandunderlyinggeologyofthecorridor;hillyterrainandthepresenceofrockmaymakeimprovementsinfeasibleincertainlocations.Inthoseinstances,facilitiesmaybeconsolidatedononesideoftheroadwayandasafecrossingprovidedtoconnectthesides.InaccordancewiththeobjectiveslistedaboveandthegoalsoftheTMP,thefollowingrecommendationsweredeveloped:
Establishcontinuousbicyclelanesonthecorridorthroughacombinationof
lanedietsandselectivewideningwherefeasible; Fillingapsinsidewalkcoveragetocreatecontinuoussidewalksonbothsidesof
theentirecorridorlengthwherefeasible; Enhancepedestriancrossingsatintersectionswithestablishmentofhigh‐
visibilitycrosswalksandinstallationofpedestrianheads;and Enhancetransitstopswithbenchesandpulloutsandshelterswherefeasible.
Byfollowingtheaboverecommendations,thecorridorcanberebalancedtoaccommodatefootandbicycletrafficwithnegligibleadditionaldelaytothemotorvehicletraffic.AProjectInitiationFormwascompletedfortheWestRocksRoad/FranceStreet/ParkStreetcorridortoevaluatetheeffectivenessoftheproposedsolution(shownpreviously)ataddressingidentifiedneeds/issuesfromtheProjectNeedForm,assessthereadinessleveloftheproject,andevaluateprojectdetails.CompletionoftheProjectInitiationFormresultsinanumericalscorethatcanbecomparedtothescoresofotherdemonstrationprojectsinordertorankconceptualsolutionsagainsteachother.Basedontheconceptualplansdevelopedtodate,theproposedimprovementsforthiscorridorscoreda67.Improvementstosafetyandpedestrian/bicycleaccommodationscoupledwithnoright‐of‐wayimpactsandminimalimpactedtosurroundingresourcescontributedtothisscore.
Section 3 – Chapter 1
Demonstration Locations 3.1‐7
1.3.1.2 Corridor 2: Washington Street/Fairfield Avenue
TheWashingtonStreet/FairfieldAvenuecorridorservesmultipleroles:itisaprimarycommuterrouteintoDowntownNorwalk,itservesasacommercialcorridorofferinggoods,services,andemploymenttoNorwalkresidentsanditservesasa“frontdoor”forDowntownNorwalktopeoplearrivingbybothcarandMetroNorth.Forthesereasons,itisimportantthatthecorridorbebalancedbetweenmotorizedandnon‐motorizedtravel,asthereisahighexpectationofpedestrianandcyclistactivitywithinthiscorridor.Furthermore,thiscorridorshouldbedesignedasa“gateway”intoDowntown,withsignaturestreetscapeelementsthatnotonlyenhancetheaestheticsofthecorridor,butalsoserveatrafficcalmingpurposeinchangingdriverbehaviortoslowdownduetothepresenceofnon‐motorizedtraffic.AProjectNeedFormwascompletedfortheWashingtonStreet/FairfieldAvenuecorridorasameansofmeasuringthetransportationneedsofthisprojectalongsideotherdemonstrationprojects.Basedonavailableinformation,theWashingtonStreet/FairfieldAvenuecorridorscoreda44ontheProjectNeedForm.Thetrafficvolumesandaccesstotransitservices,activitycenters,andcommercialareasalongthecorridorcontributedtothisscore.Specificobjectivesforthedesignofthiscorridorincludedthefollowing:
Createapedestrianscaleandfeeltothecorridorthroughtheuseofmaterials
andlighting,similartothecharacterof“WashingtonHistoricEast;” Developatransitionzonebetweenthecar‐orientedareastothewestandthe
pedestrian‐orientedDowntown; ReactivatethestreetinthisgatewayareaofDowntown; DevelopabikefacilitytoconnecttoFlaxHillRoad;and Capitalizeonopenspaceopportunitiestocelebratethe“art”ofthedistrict.
Toaddresstheseobjectivesandtomakethecorridorattractivetoallusersregardlessoftheirmodeoftravel,thefollowingrecommendationsweredevelopedasillustratedintheconceptsketch:
Createatwo‐way‘cycletrack’connectionalongFairfieldAvenuetoFlaxHill
RoadthroughalanediettofacilitateabicycleconnectiontoFlaxHillRoad; InstallspecialtylightingundertheMetroNorthBridgetostrengthenthe
connectionbetweentheartsdistrictinSoNotothewesternsideofthebridge; Reconfigureplazainfrontof50WashingtonStreettowertoaccommodatea
farmersmarket,foodvendorsetc.,creatingagatheringspaceandcenterforthe
3.1‐8 Demonstration Locations
District;InstallpublicartinreclaimedpavementareastoserveasagatewayandanextensionwestoftheSoNoArtsDistrict;and
Installpedestrianscalelightinganddecorativesidewalksthroughoutthecorridor.
ThesemeasuresestablishtheareaasagatewaytoDowntownandanextensionoftheSoNodistrict,reenergizingthiscorridorwhilerebalancingthetravelmodestosafelyandefficientlycarrycars,buses,pedestrians,andcyclists.AProjectInitiationFormwascompletedfortheWashingtonStreet/FairfieldAvenuecorridortoevaluatetheeffectivenessoftheproposedsolution(shownpreviously)ataddressingidentifiedneeds/issuesfromtheProjectNeedForm,assessthereadinessleveloftheproject,andevaluateprojectdetails.CompletionoftheProjectInitiationFormresultsinanumericalscorethatcanbecomparedtothescoresofotherdemonstrationprojectsinordertorankconceptualsolutionsagainsteachother.Basedontheconceptualplansdevelopedtodate,theproposedimprovementsfortheWashingtonStreet/FairfieldAvenuecorridorscoreda41ontheProjectInitiationForm.Improvementstosafetyandpedestrian/bicycleaccommodationscoupledwithminimalimpactstoright‐of‐wayorthesurroundingresourcescontributedtothisscore.
Section 3 – Chapter 1
Demonstration Locations 3.1‐9
1.3.2 Demonstration Intersections
1.3.2.1 Intersection 1: West Avenue at Belden Avenue/Mott Avenue
LocatedinDowntownNorwalk,thisintersectionisthemosturbanofthedemonstrationintersections.AdjacentusesincludetheCityofNorwalkLibrary,CityTransitCenter,andamixofretailandcommercialuses.WallStreetisahistoricretail“mainstreet”corridor,completewithanintactstreetwallofbuildingsandonstreetparking;thisstreetiscurrentlyunderutilizedfromaretailstandpointduetorelocationofmanyofthebusinesses,butthepotentialforredevelopmentisstrong.Giventheseuses,thepedestrianactivityinthisareaisheavy,andexpectedtoincreaseshouldWallStreetredevelop;however,thegeometriccharacteristicsandexcesscapacityofthestreetsencouragehighvehicularspeedsandcreateanenvironmentthatisnotnecessarilypedestrian‐friendly.Additionally,thereisalocalperceptionofalackofparkinginthearea,duetothefactthatthestreetsaredifficultforpedestriantocross.Theconfluenceoftheroads,presenceofhigh‐speedsliplanes,onewaystreets,andexcesspavementworktogethertoconfuseboththepedestrianandmotorist,whiletheunderutilizationoftheexistinggreenspaceintheislandsanddeficientconditionofthesidewalksandcrosswalksaddtothefeelingthattheareaisnotreallycomfortableforpedestrianuse.AProjectNeedFormwascompletedfortheintersectionofWestAvenueatBeldenAvenue/MottAvenueasameansofmeasuringthetransportationneedsofthislocationalongsideotherdemonstrationprojects.Basedonavailableinformation,theintersectionofWestAvenueatBeldenAvenue/MottAvenuescoreda55ontheProjectNeedForm.Thehighpedestrianvolumescoupledwithalackofaccommodations,accesstotransitservices,activitycenters,andcommercialareasalongthecorridor,andthedegreeofpublicsupportstatedattheTMPpublicmeetingsandduringtheoutreacheffortscontributedtothisscore.Specificobjectivesforthisintersectionwereasfollows:
Reduceconfusionformotoristsandpedestrians; Reducetheperceptionofaparkingproblembyextendingthewalkshed; Enhancepedestriansafety; Enhancetheconnectionforbothmotoristsandpedestrianstoandfromthe
existingparkinggarage; Preservevehicularoperationsthroughadditionofturnlaneswherenecessary;
and Right‐sizethestreets.
Thisintersectionhadthepotentialtobea“signature”projectduetotheconfluenceofusesandcontextgearedtowardawalk‐friendlyurbancoreandtheabilityfortravelers
3.1‐10 Demonstration Locations
tochooseamongvariousmodesoftransportavailablewithinthearea.Specificrecommendationsforthisintersectionareasfollows:
ShortTermActions
o ImplementCompleteStreetsprinciplesonallstreetstorebalancetravelmodes;
o Elicitaroaddiet(4lanesto3laneswithspotmedians)onWestAvenuethroughthecorearea,addbikelanesandmedian/leftturnlanes;
o Reclaim/increasegreenspacethrougheliminationofrightturnchannelsonWallStreetandWestAvenue;
o Enhancesidewalkwidthandrepairsidewalkswithinarea;ando Addpedestrianamenitiessuchashigh‐visibilitycrosswalksandmid‐
intersectionrefuges. LongTermActions
o Addstreetnetworktoenhancecirculationandreduceblocklength,suchasaneweast‐westconnectionbetweenWestAvenueandRiverStreet;
o ExtendpedestrianconnectionstotheRiver;ando ReconstructWallStreetasa“festivalstreet”(flushsectionbetween
buildingswithbrickpavers)thatcandefinethecorridorasalocal“mainstreet”andwalkablearea.
Byelicitingthisslateofrecommendations,thisintersectionandareahasthepotentialtonotonlyrebalancemovementamongthevariousmodesoftravel,butalsotorepositiontheareaforreinvestmentwitha“signature”infrastructureprojectleveragingpublicinvestment.AProjectInitiationFormwascompletedfortheWestAvenueatBeldenAvenue/MottAvenuetoevaluatetheeffectivenessoftheproposedsolution(attached)ataddressingidentifiedneeds/issuesfromtheProjectNeedForm,assessthereadinessleveloftheproject,andevaluateprojectdetails.CompletionoftheProjectInitiationFormresultsinanumericalscorethatcanbecomparedtothescoresofotherdemonstrationprojectsinordertorankconceptualsolutionsagainsteachother.Basedontheconceptualplansdevelopedtodate,theproposedimprovementstotheintersectionofWestAvenueatBeldenAvenue/MottAvenuescoreda62ontheProjectInitiationForm.Improvementstosafetyandpedestrian/bicycleaccommodationsandprojectedreductionsinvehicularspeedstogetherwithminimalimpactstoright‐of‐wayorthesurroundingresourcescontributedtothisscore.
Section 3 – Chapter 1
Demonstration Locations 3.1‐11
1.3.2.2 Intersection 2: Taylor Avenue at Flax Hill Road Whilelocatedinapredominatelyresidentialare,thisintersectionservesnotonlylocalvehiculartrafficbutalsoahealthyamountof“cutthrough”trafficasitisacontinuousroutethatroughlyparallelsI‐95andUS1.Additionally,theintersectionisproximatetotheSouthNorwalkMetro‐NorthStationaswellasFlaxHillPark,whichisattractivetobothpedestrianandbicycletravelalongthesecorridors.Currently,theintersectionistwooffset“T”intersections,causingqueuingissuesbetweentheoffsetnorth‐southlegswhenopposingvehiclesdesiretomakealeftturnontoLoweStreet.Characterizedbylargecornerradii,theintersectionsencouragehighvehicularspeedsbyturningvehiclesattheexpenseofthepedestrianandbicyclingenvironment.Furthermore,excesspavementcouldbereclaimedforplantingopportunitiesto“green”theintersectionarea,whichfeelsmuchwiderthanitactuallyis.AProjectNeedFormwascompletedfortheintersectionofFlaxHillRoadatTaylorAvenueandFlaxHillRoadatLoweStreetasameansofmeasuringthetransportationneedsofthisprojectalongsideotherdemonstrationprojects.Basedonavailableinformation,theintersectionsofFlaxHillRoadatTaylorAvenueandFlaxHillRoadatLoweStreetscoreda40ontheProjectNeedForm.Vehicularspeeds,lackofadequatepedestrianandbicycleaccommodations,trafficvolumes,andheavyvehiclevolumescontributedtothisscore.Specificobjectivesconsideredindevelopingaprogramofenhancementsforthisdemonstrationprojectareasfollows:
Implementbicyclefacilityoncorridor; Increasesafetyforvehicles,pedestrians,andcyclists; Rebalanceroadwaystoaneighborhoodscale; Createsafepedestriancrossings;and Installstreettreeswhereappropriatetocreateshadecanopy.
Tworecommendedoptionsweredeveloped:
BothoptionsnormalizetheLoweStreetintersectionintoa90‐degreeT‐intersectionandreclaimsomeofthepavementonthenortheastquadrantforagreenplantedarea,
Elicitlanedietstoaddbikelanes,and Enhancethepedestriancrossingsthroughhighvisibilitycrosswalks.
TheoptionsvaryinthetreatmentoftheTaylorRoadintersection:
Thefirstconsidersatrafficsignal,while ThesecondoptionincorporatesaroundaboutatTaylorRoadandFlaxHillRoad.
3.1‐12 Demonstration Locations
Thevarioustreatmentshelprebalancetheroadwaytomakeitmoreuser‐friendlyforpedestriansandcyclists,whileimprovingthetrafficoperationsbynormalizingtheintersectionsandmitigatingtheopposingleft‐turnblockagethatcurrentlyoccurs.AProjectInitiationFormwascompletedfortheFlaxHillRoadatTaylorAvenueandFlaxHillRoadatLoweStreetintersectiontoevaluatetheeffectivenessoftheproposedsolution(attached)ataddressingidentifiedneeds/issuesfromtheProjectNeedForm,assessthereadinessleveloftheproject,andevaluateprojectdetails.CompletionoftheProjectInitiationFormresultsinanumericalscorethatcanbecomparedtothescoresofotherdemonstrationprojectsinordertorankconceptualsolutionsagainsteachother.BasedontheconceptualplansdevelopedforOption1andOption2,theproposedimprovementstotheintersectionsofFlaxHillRoadatTaylorAvenueandFlaxHillRoadatLoweStreetscoreda70ontheProjectInitiationForm.Improvementstosafetyandpedestrian/bicycleaccommodationscoupledwithminimalimpactstoright‐of‐wayorthesurroundingresourcescontributedtothisscore.
Section 3 – Chapter 1
Demonstration Locations 3.1‐13
1.3.2.3 Intersection 3: Flax Hill Road at Rowayton Avenue and Richards Avenue SimilartotheFlaxHillRoaddemonstrationintersectionlocatedtotheeast,thisareathatencompassestwointersectionsandfrontsprimarilysinglefamilyresidentialuses.Theroadwayservesasignificantamountoftrafficnotrelatedtotheneighborhood,andmustbalancethatmovementwithpedestrianandbicycledemand.Theintersectionconfigurationandangleisnot90‐degrees,whichcompoundsvehicularspeedingasanissue;furthermore,theexistingtriangleconfigurationoftheRowaytonAvenueintersectionlendstopotentialmotoristconfusion.AProjectNeedFormwascompletedfortheintersectionofFlaxHillRoadatRowaytonAvenueandFlaxHillRoadatRichardsAvenueasameansofmeasuringthetransportationneedsofthisprojectalongsideotherdemonstrationprojects.Basedonavailableinformation,theintersectionsofFlaxHillRoadatRowaytonAvenueandFlaxHillRoadatRichardsAvenuescoreda41ontheProjectNeedForm.Thelackofadequatebicycle,trafficvolumes,anddegreeofpublicsupportcontributedtothisscore.Objectivesforthisdemonstrationprojectwerearticulatedasfollows:
Increasetheamountoflightingattheintersection; Makesafetyforallmodesoftravelthepriority; Enhanceandcreatenewgreenspacewherepossible,andincorporategreen
infrastructurewherecontextuallyconsistent; Createabicyclefacilitytoenhancecyclistsafety; Calmtrafficspeeds;and Returntheroadwayandintersectiontoaneighborhoodscale.
Theproposedreconfigurationoftheintersectionaddressestheaboveconcernsasshownintheillustration.
Crosswalkswereenhancedatbothintersectionsusinghighvisibilitymarkings; TheintersectionofRichardsAvenuewasrealignedtobringitintoFlaxHillRoad
ata90‐degreeangleandreclaimgreenspacefromtheexcesspavement;and Aroundaboutwasdevelopedtoreplacetheawkwardtriangleconfigurationof
theRowaytonAvenueintersectionwhilepreservingthetreesinthecenterisland.
Twoconfigurationsforbicyclefacilitiesweredeveloped:thefirstwidenstheroadwayslightlytoa32‐footsectioninordertoaccommodatededicatedbicyclelanes.Thesecondoptionmaintainsthe24‐footsectionwhileusingsharrowstodesignatethesharedconditionofthebicyclefacilityandtoalertmotoriststothepotentialpresenceofcyclists.
3.1‐14 Demonstration Locations
Eitheroptionmeetstheobjectivessetforthforthedemonstrationproject.OneotherconceptalternativedevelopedwouldincorporateasecondroundaboutattheRichardsAvenueintersection,providingatandemsetofroundaboutsinthislocation.AProjectInitiationFormwascompletedfortheFlaxHillRoadatRowaytonAvenueandFlaxHillRoadatRichardsAvenueintersectiontoevaluatetheeffectivenessoftheproposedsolution(attached)ataddressingidentifiedneeds/issuesfromtheProjectNeedForm,assessthereadinessleveloftheproject,andevaluateprojectdetails.CompletionoftheProjectInitiationFormresultsinanumericalscorethatcanbecomparedtothescoresofotherdemonstrationprojectsinordertorankconceptualsolutionsagainsteachother.BasedontheconceptualplansdevelopedforOption1,theproposedimprovementstotheintersectionsofFlaxHillRoadatRowaytonAvenueandFlaxHillRoadatRichardsAvenuescoreda70ontheProjectInitiationForm.Improvementstosafetyandpedestrian/bicycleaccommodationscoupledwithminimalimpactstoright‐of‐wayorthesurroundingresourcescontributedtothisscore.BasedontheconceptualplansdevelopedforOption2,theproposedimprovementstotheintersectionsofFlaxHillRoadatRowaytonAvenueandFlaxHillRoadatRichardsAvenuescoreda64ontheProjectInitiationForm.ThedifferencebetweenthetwooptionsisthatOption2providessharrowstoassistinthebicycleroutes,whileOption1providesfullbicyclelanes.Otherwise,theimprovementsareidentical.
Section 3 – Chapter 1
Demonstration Locations 3.1‐15
1.3.2.4 Intersection 4: Route 53 (Newtown Avenue) at Dry Hill Road and Murray Street
TheintersectionofRoute53(NewtownAvenue)andDryHillRoad/MurrayStreetissurroundedandfrontedwithsinglefamilyresidentiallanduses.Theintersectionischaracterizedbyasignificantamountofpavement,andalmostconstitutesan“intersectionwithinanintersection”asbothMurrayStreetandDryHillRoadaccessRoute53throughasharedintersection.Thecurrentconfigurationisconfusingformotoristsandperceivedasunsafe,withsignificantconfusionastowhohastherightofwayattheintersectionbetweentheMurrayStreetandDryHillRoadapproaches.Exacerbatingtheissueisthepotentialforpedestrianscrossingtheintersectionandencounteringturningvehiclesonapproachesthatareextremelyclosetogether.AProjectNeedFormwascompletedfortheintersectionofNewtownAvenue(Route53)atDryHillRoadandMurrayStreetasameansofmeasuringthetransportationneedsofthisprojectalongsideotherdemonstrationprojects.Basedonavailableinformation,theintersectionofNewtownAvenue(Route53)atDryHillRoadandMurrayStreetscoreda33ontheProjectNeedForm–thelowestscoreofalldemonstrationprojects.Contributingtothislowscorearealackofactivityorcommercialcentersinthevicinitycoupledwithlowpedestrianandbicyclevolumes.Objectivesindevelopingthedesignconceptforthisintersectionweretwofold:
reworktheintersectiontoenhancesafetyforallmodes(perceivedandreal); keepinganyenhancementincharacterandscalewiththesurrounding
neighborhood.Asshownintheillustration,tworecommendedoptionsweredeveloped,withbothclearingtheconfusingconfigurationattheintersectionwithRoute53:
Option1createsasquareattheintersection,separatinginboundandoutboundtrafficintotwoapproaches.Thesquareactsasaninternal“roundabout”anddistributestraffictoandfromDryHillRoadandMurrayStreetbymovingtheconflictpointbetweentheroadstotheeast,outsideoftheconflictareaofthemainlineRoute53.Thisconfigurationalsoaffordsanopportunitytocreateagatewayandplantingareafortheneighborhood.
Option2simplifiestheintersectionbyteeingDryHillRoadintoMurrayStreetjusteastoftheRoute53intersection.ItrequiresathreelaneapproachontheRoute53intersectiontoalleviatequeuingfromturningvehiclesblockingtheadjacentintersection,andmayrequirefuturesignalizationoftheintersectionwithRoute53.LikeOption1,reclaimedexcesspavementcanbeplantedandutilizedasagatewayoropenspaceopportunityfortheneighborhood.
BothoptionsaddressthedesignobjectivesandareinkeepingwiththeoverallguidingprinciplesoftheTrafficManagementPlan.
3.1‐16 Demonstration Locations
AProjectInitiationFormwascompletedfortheNewtown Avenue (Route 53) at Dry Hill Road and Murray Street intersectiontoevaluatetheeffectivenessoftheproposedsolution(attached)ataddressingidentifiedneeds/issuesfromtheProjectNeedForm,assessthereadinessleveloftheproject,andevaluateprojectdetails.CompletionoftheProjectInitiationFormresultsinanumericalscorethatcanbecomparedtothescoresofotherdemonstrationprojectsinordertorankconceptualsolutionsagainsteachother.BasedontheconceptualplansdevelopedforOption1andOption2,theproposedimprovementstotheintersectionofNewtownAvenue(Route53)atDryHillRoadandMurrayStreetscoreda48ontheProjectInitiationForm.Improvementstosafetyandpedestrian/bicycleaccommodationscoupledwithminimalimpactstoright‐of‐wayorthesurroundingresourcescontributedtothisscore.
Section 3 – Chapter 1
Demonstration Locations 3.1‐17
1.3.2.5 Intersection 5: Route 123 (New Canaan Avenue) at Bartlett Avenue and Ells Street
Route123connectsbetweentheMerrittParkwaytothewestandRoute7totheeast,andthisintersectionatBartlettAvenueandEllsStreetisaneighborhoodcommercialnode,withsmallretailandrestaurantusesadjacent.Geometrically,theintersectionis5legs,andoffsetwithBartlettAvenueintersectingataskewedangle.Drivewaystothebusinessesconsistofelongatedaprons,contributingtotheoveralllackofaccessmanagementintheintersectionarea.ThereisalsoabusstoponthewestapproachoftheintersectionalongRoute123,andpedestriansutilizingtransitmustnavigatethisconfusingintersectionwithvehicleconflictsinmultipledirections.Additionally,thecorridordoesnothavededicatedbicyclelanes,whichcouldbeutilizedbyresidentsandcommuters.AProjectNeedFormwascompletedfortheintersectionofNewCanaanAvenue(Route123)atBartlettAvenue/EllsStreetasameansofmeasuringthetransportationneedsofthisprojectalongsideotherdemonstrationprojects.Basedonavailableinformation,theintersectionofNewCanaanAvenue(Route123)atBartlettAvenue/EllsStreetscoreda51ontheProjectNeedForm.Thehighpedestrianvolumescoupledwithalackofaccommodations,accesstocommercialareasalongthecorridor,andhightrafficvolumescontributedtothisscore.
Specificobjectivesindevelopingapaletteofdesignsolutionsincludedthefollowing:
Provideaccessmanagementwithintheareaoftheintersection; Increasepedestriansafetyandenhancecrosswalks; Reduceconflictsforallmodesoftravel;and Provideadedicatedbicyclefacility.
Asshownintheconceptillustration,allobjectivesweremetwithaseriesofconstructionandpolicyinitiatives/recommendations:
TheintersectionofEllsStreetwouldbe“T’ed”uptomeetarealignedBartlettStreetatanormal90‐degreeintersection.
Bartletttothesouthwouldalsoberealignedintoa90‐degreeapproach. Considerationofanall‐redpedestrianphasewouldsimplifycrossingsofthe
intersection,andenhancedcrosswalkswouldbeincorporatedtoincreasemotoristawarenessofpedestrians.
Abikelanecouldbedevelopedthroughright‐sizingthetravellanesto11feet,andchannelizingtheturnlanes.
Finally,drivewayconsolidationshouldbeaccomplishedthroughredevelopmentofthefrontingparcelstobetterdefinerealmsforthevehiclesaccessingthebusinesses.
3.1‐18 Demonstration Locations
ThecomprehensiveapproachadherestotheprinciplesofCompleteStreetsinmakingthefacilitiessafeandefficientforallusers,andaffordingtruealternativesabouttravelchoicewithinthearea.AProjectInitiationFormwascompletedfortheNewCanaanAvenue(Route123)atBartlettAvenue/EllsStreetintersectiontoevaluatetheeffectivenessoftheproposedsolution(attached)ataddressingidentifiedneeds/issuesfromtheProjectNeedForm,assessthereadinessleveloftheproject,andevaluateprojectdetails.CompletionoftheProjectInitiationFormresultsinanumericalscorethatcanbecomparedtothescoresofotherdemonstrationprojectsinordertorankconceptualsolutionsagainsteachother.Basedontheconceptualplansdevelopedtodate,theproposedimprovementstotheintersectionofNewCanaanAvenue(Route123)atBartlettAvenue/EllsStreetscoreda70ontheProjectInitiationForm–thehighestscoreofalldemonstrationprojects.Improvementstosafety,pedestrian/bicycleaccommodations,andvehicularoperations;projectedreductionsinvehicularspeeds;andminimalimpactstoright‐of‐wayorthesurroundingresourcescontributedtothisscore.
Section 3 – Chapter 1
Demonstration Locations 3.1‐19
1.4 Evaluation Summary Basedontheevaluationsofeachdemonstrationlocation,theresultingProjectNeedFormandProjectInitiationFormratingsaresummarizedbelow(actualformsareintheAppendixtothissection).Asthisinformationisreviewed,it’simportanttoconsiderthateachlocationisfirstratedonneedandthentheactualconceptplanthathasbeendevelopedisratedonitsabilitytoaddressthatneed.Projectlocationsthatdonothaveawelldefinedneedwilllikelynotgetcontinueintothedesignprocess.Conversely,projectlocationsthathaveawelldefinedneedandhaveahighscoreattachedtothemwillmorelikelyadvanceintothedesignstage.TheEastAvenueprojectwasnotincludedasademonstrationlocationbecausethedesignprocesshadadvancedfurtherthanotherprojectsselectedanditwasagreeduponthatthiscorridorwouldnotbenefitbyallocatingprojectresourcesto‘redesign’theplan.However,itshouldbenotedthatthisprojectisseenasavitalsteptoimprovemobilityforallmodesoftransportationwithinthisareaoftheCity.Thisprojectiscurrentlyunderdesign,hasfundingallocatedtoit,andincludesthefollowingimprovements:
WideningoftheEastAvenuerailroadunderpassfrom2‐lanesto4‐lanesandincreasingtheheightofthecrossing;
WideningofEastAvenuewithassociatedintersectionimprovementsfromWinfieldStreet(Route136)totheI‐95Exit16ramps;and
Sidewalkandstreetscapeimprovements.
1.4.1 Project Need Ofthefiveintersectionsandtwocorridorsreviewed,theprioritizationofeachlocationsneedsaredefinedinExhibit1‐1below.FullProjectNeedFormsareincludedasanattachmenttothisdocument.
3.1‐20 Demonstration Locations
Exhibit 1‐1 Project Need Form Score Summary
Location Project Need Form Score Notes
Roadway Corridors West Rocks Rd / France St / Park St 48
Speeding; transit services; lack of ped/bike facilities; high traffic volumes; public support.
Washington St / Fairfield Ave 44 High traffic volumes; transit services; access to activity centers/commercial areas.
East Ave 54 Ped/bike crashes; transit access; high traffic volumes; access to commercial areas; funding.
Intersections West Ave @ Belden Ave/ Mott Ave 55
Adjacent to priority development site; high ped volumes; transit, parking needs; public support.
Flax Hill Rd @ Taylor Ave/ Lowe St 40
Speeding; lack of ped/bike facilities; high traffic and heavy vehicle volumes.
Flax Hill Rd @ Rowayton Ave/ Richards Ave 41
Lack of ped/bike facilities; high traffic volumes; public support.
Newtown Ave (Rt 53) @ Dry Hill Rd / Murray St 33 Safety; lack of ped/bike facilities.
New Canaan Ave (Rt 123) @ Bartlett Ave / Ells St 51
Lack of ped/bike facilities; high traffic volumes; access to activity centers/commercial areas.
AsExhibit1‐1indicates,whencomparingthefivedemonstrationintersections,theWestAvenueatBeldenAvenue/MottAvenuelocationscoredthehighest(55)withrespecttoprojectneed.ThislocationisfollowedcloselybyNewCanaanAvenue(Route123)atBartlettAvenue/EllsStreet(51).ThelowestscoringlocationwasNewtownAvenue(Route53)atDryHillRoad&MurrayStreet(33).Similarly,theroadwaycorridorsincludedEastAvenue(54),followedbytheWestRocksRoad/FranceStreet/ParkStreetcorridor(48)andthentheWashingtonStreet/FairfieldAvenuecorridor(44).AssumingtheseprojectsweretheonlyprojectsinfrontoftheCity(thefulllistofprojectisincludedintheAppendix),itwouldindicatethattheintersectionofWestAvenueatBeldenAvenue/MottAvenueshouldbeprioritizedfromaCityresourceperspectiveasithasthegreatestneedforimprovement.
1.4.2 Project Initiation Conceptualimprovementsweredevelopedtoaddressthedemonstratedneedsidentifiedforeachofthefiveintersectionsandtwocorridorsreviewed.AProjectInitiationFormwascompletedforeachlocationtoevaluatetheeffectivenessoftheprojectataddressingidentifiedneeds/issuesfromtheProjectNeedForm,assessthereadinessleveloftheproject,andevaluateprojectdetails.CompletionoftheProjectInitiationFormresultsinanumericalscorethatcanbecomparedtothescoresofother
Section 3 – Chapter 1
Demonstration Locations 3.1‐21
demonstrationprojectsinordertorankconceptualsolutionsagainsteachother.AsummaryoftheProjectInitiationscoresisincludedinExhibit1‐2below.FullProjectInitiationFormsareincludedasanattachmenttothisdocument.Exhibit 1‐2 Project Initiation Form Score Summary
Location Project Initiation
Form Score Notes Roadway Corridors West Rocks Rd / France St / Park St 67
Improved safety; ped/bike accommodations; minimal impact to ROW/resources.
Washington St / Fairfield Ave 41 Improved safety; ped/bike accommodations; minimal impact to ROW/resources.
East Ave 69 Improved safety; ped/bike accommodations; vehicular operations; funding; project plan development; minimal impact to resources.
Intersections
West Ave @ Belden Ave/ Mott Ave 62
Improved safety; ped/bike accommodations; speed reduction; minimal impact to ROW/resources.
Flax Hill Rd @ Taylor Ave/ Lowe St 70
Improved safety; ped/bike accommodations; minimal impact to ROW/resources.
Flax Hill Rd @ Rowayton Ave/ Richards Ave 70
Improved safety; ped/bike accommodations; minimal impact to ROW/resources.
Newtown Ave (Rt 53) @ Dry Hill Rd / Murray St 48
Ped/bike accommodations; minimal impact to ROW/resources.
New Canaan Ave (Rt 123) @ Bartlett Ave / Ells St 70
Improved safety; ped/bike accommodations; vehicular operations; speed reduction; minimal impact to ROW/resources.
AsExhibit1‐2indicates,whencomparingthedemonstrationintersections,conceptualimprovementforthreeofthefivelocationsscoredveryhighly(70):
FlaxHillRoadatTaylorAvenue/LoweStreet; FlaxHillRoadatRowaytonAvenue/RichardsAvenue;and NewCanaanAvenue(Route123)atBartlettAvenue/EllsStreet.
WestAvenueatBeldenAvenue/MottAvenuelocationfollowedclosely(62).Similartotheprojectneedevaluation,thelowestscoringlocationwasNewtownAvenue(Route53)atDryHillRoad&MurrayStreet(48).TheroadwaycorridorsincludedEastAvenue(69),followedbytheWestRocksRoad/FranceStreet/ParkStreetcorridor(67)andthentheWashingtonStreet/Fairfield
3.1‐22 Demonstration Locations
Avenuecorridor(41).AsEastAvenueiscurrentlyunderdesignandhasfundingalreadyallocatedtoitfromStateandlocalresources,itscoredhighly.AssumingtheseprojectsweretheonlyprojectsinfrontoftheCity,itwouldindicatethatimprovementstotheintersectionsofFlaxHillRoadatTaylorAvenue/LoweStreet;FlaxHillRoadatRowaytonAvenue/RichardsAvenue;andNewCanaanAvenue(Route123)atBartlettAvenue/EllsStreetshouldbeprioritizedfromaCityresourceperspectiveastheseprojectswouldaddressidentifiedneeds.Whencomparedwiththeotherprojectsdevelopedaspartofthiseffort,theEastAvenueprojectcontinuestobethepriorityprojectfortheCity.
1.4.2.1 Cost Estimates Inadditiontotheactualscores,theCityrequestedthatconceptualcostestimatesbeprovidedforeachoftheAlternatives.Thesecostestimateswerebasedontheconceptualalternativesdevelopedfortheproject(shownlaterinthischapter)andarebasedonConnecticutDOTstandardpricingformulasandincludeescalationfactorsforengineeringcost(8%oftotalestimatedconstructioncosts),contingencies(10%),incidentalitems(25%),andutilities(2%).Rightofwayacquisitionwasnotincludedinthesecosts.Exhibit 1‐3 Cost Estimate Summary
Location Project Cost Estimate Notes Roadway Corridors West Rocks Rd / France St / Park St $19,375,000
Assumes $1,250 per linear foot of corridor (total corridor length = 15,500 ft)
Washington St / Fairfield Ave $4,521,000
Intersections West Ave @ Belden Ave/ Mott Ave $6,265,000
Flax Hill Rd @ Taylor Ave/ Lowe St (alt 1) $2,147,000
Flax Hill Rd @ Taylor Ave/ Lowe St (alt 2) $1,881,000
Flax Hill Rd @ Rowayton Ave/ Richards Ave (alt 1) $2,436,000 As shown in the graphic
Flax Hill Rd @ Rowayton Ave/ Richards Ave (alt 2) $675,000 As shown in the graphic
Newtown Ave (Rt 53) @ Dry Hill Rd / Murray St (alt 1) $1,523,000
Newtown Ave (Rt 53) @ Dry Hill Rd / Murray St (alt 2) $940,000
New Canaan Ave (Rt 123) @ Bartlett Ave / Ells St $1,494,000
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1. Grist Mill Road at Belden Hill Road/North Seir Hill Road2. Richards Avenue at West Cedar Street 3. North Taylor Avenue at Benedict Street4. Maple Street at Route 1 (Van Buren Avenue)/Stevens Street5. Route 123/Main Street at Route 1/North Avenue6. East Avenue/Park Street at Wall Street/Hubbells Lane7. Strawberry Hill Road at Tierney Street8. Highland Avenue at Soundview Avenue/Devils Garden Road9. East Avenue at I-95 Ramps (Exit 16)10. East Avenue at St. John Street/Raymond Terrace/Olmstead Place11. Calf Pasture Beach Road/Ludlow Manor at Fifth Street/Marvin Street
1. Route 123/New Canaan Avenue at Bartlett Avenue/Ells Street2. Route 53/Newtown Avenue at Murray Street/Dry Hill Road3. West Avenue at Belden Avenue/Mott Avenue4. Taylor Avenue at Flax Hill Road5. Flax Hill Road at Richards Avenue/Rowayton Avenue
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