Egyptians harvesting wheat by River Nile

Farming Trade

The Egyptians could make beautiful golden objects and jewellery.

Merchants sailed in large ships to trade with other people.

Religion

The Egyptians believed in many gods and goddesses.

Amon(god of the wind)

Ra(god of the Sun)

Isis(goddess of motherhood)

Osiris(god of the underworld)

Religion

The Egyptians believed in life after death.

Religion

A dead man. He is going to be judged by the gods.

Osiris, god of the underworld

One of the gods balances the heart of the dead man against a feather. If his heart is heavier than the feather, that means he has done bad things in his life. Then a monster will eat his heart, and he will be destroyed forever.

Religion

The dead man has passed the test. He can go to heaven.

Can you find different classes in the Egyptian society?

Society

There were the pharaoh, nobles, priests, common people and slaves.

The pharaoh

Scribes

CraftsmenFarmers

Slaves

Society

Nobles, officials and priests

The pharaoh A worker A rich man

Who were they?

Society

Treasures of EgyptTreasures of Egypt

The writing of ancient Egyptians is called ‘hieroglyphics’.

WritingAncient Egyptians wrote on papyrus.

Writing

1. Remove the green outer skin of the reeds. Cut the reeds into thin sheets and soak them in water.

How was papyrus made?

2. Put the thin sheets in rows.

How was papyrus made?

3. Pound the reeds into a single sheet.

How was papyrus made?

4. Polish the sheet.

How was papyrus made?

5. Paste sheets together to make a scroll.

How was papyrus made? Pyramids

A pyramid was the tomb of a pharaoh.

Pyramids For more information on pyramids, you may look at the Case Study CD-Rom of our company –Pyramids.

The pharaoh’s room

The queen’s room

An unfinished room

One of the long, narrow corridors to the rooms

The Entrance to the pyramid

Pyramids

1. Carve out great blocks of stone.

How were the pyramids built?

2. Measure the blocks and cut them to the right size.

3. Carry the huge stone blocks down the Nile on boats.

How were the pyramids built?

4. Pull the blocks to the site of the pyramids. Then, pull them up the long ramps and build the pyramids.

How were the pyramids built? If you were the ….

Imagine you were a pharaoh, would you build a pyramid for yourself?

Mummies

A mummy is a well-kept dead body. This tells us that Egyptians knew a lot about medicine.

Mummies

Making a mummy

Mummies

1. Wash the body with a special solution.

How was a mummy made?

2. Cut along the left side of the stomach.

3. Remove the organs and store them in jars.

4. Put medicines into the body to preserve it.

How was a mummy made?

6. Make a suitable portrait mask.

5. Wrap the body with long pieces of cloth.

How was a mummy made?

If you were the ….

If you were an ancient Egyptian, would you want your body to be made a mummy after your death? Why?

You may visit the website of the British Museum to learn more about ancient Egypt.

http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/w orld/egypt/eg

ypt.html

You may visit this website to learn how the use of modern technology has aided in unlocking the secrets of this mummy.

http://archive.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Cyberia/VideoTestbed/Projects/Mummy/mummyhome.html

Measurements

The Egyptians used the lengths of a forearm and a hand as units of measurement.

The Egyptians used a sundial to tell the time.

Measurements

The end of the Egyptian civilizationThe end of the Egyptian civilization

1. Between 3150 BC-1200 BC, Egypt enjoyed peace and stability.

2. From the 12th century BC, Egypt grew weak. Later it was conquered by the Persians, then the Greeks, and finally the Romans.

3. These foreign invasions ended the Egyptian civilization.