Chapter 4 Life in French Missouri

4th Grade Elementary

Vocabulary merchant: a business person engaged in retail trade

cupboard: a small room or cabinet used for storage spacegumbo: a soup thickened with okra pods or file that is a mixture of meat or seafood and vegetables.

carpenter: a woodworker who makes or repairs wooden objectsmortar and pestle: shutters: movable covers for a window, usually a pair of themmoccasin: a soft leather shoe or sandal without a heelchandelier: branched lighting fixture; often ornate; hangs from the ceilingloft: floor consisting of open space at the top of a house just below roof; often used for storage.lard: soft white semisolid fat obtained by rendering the fatty tissue of the hog.plaster: a wet mixture that is spread on walls and ceilingswhitewash: a mixture or lime and water painted on walls of fences to whiten them.shingles: building material used as siding or roofinglicense: a legal document giving official permission to do somethingluxuries: something that is an indulgence rather than a necessity

mortar and pestle: a container and club shaped tool used for grinding or pounding medicines.

The French Village Red , white, and black settlers lived together. The French settlements were very different

from American settlements.

The FrenchFRENCH SETTLEMENTS

OTHER EUROPEAN SETTLEMENTS

Mixed their homes, stores, and public buildings throughout their villages. French merchants used their homes as their place of business.

Did not build their houses close to together , they surrounded their homes with slave cabins, barns , stables, gardens, and orchards.

Built fences around their houses. Vertical log cabins

Put stores and shops in a business district. Built their homes in another part of town.

Horizontal log cabins

French Homes Painted the walls with whitewash One story Steep grass roofs (early) Wooded shingle roofs Porches (galleries)

protected the plaster walls Shaded the house

Wooden shutters Fireplaces Mostly one room with dirt floors

Rear of the Bolduc House

fireplace

Steep shingled roofKitchen building Porch (Galleria)

Garden

porch

African Americans in Missouri’s Early French Communities

1 of every three people living in French settlements at St. Genevieve and St. Louis was an African America. Most of them were slaves.

Not all of them were slaves. Some had been set free by their masters for their years of hard work. Some had saved money and bought their freedom.

Free black men worked as hunters, rowers, craftsmen, and farmers.

Free black women worded as housekeepers and servants.

Free blacks could own property Slave primary source Analysis Sheet

The French and their Indian Neigbors

The French got along well with the Native Americans.

They sold them guns and other goods Many traders had Indian wives. Louis Lorimier was a famous trader, his father

was a Frenchman, and his mother a Native American. He founded the town on Cape Girardeau. He married an Shawnee Indian woman.

The French often wore moccasins and leather pants

In French MissouriFARMING

FUR TRADING AND LEAD MINING

Farms were owned by the whole village, it was called the common field.

Each family received a strip of land in it.

They raised wheat, corn, cotton, flax, hemp, and tobacco.

Fur traders traveled up the Mississippi and the Missouri Ricers in small boats and canoes.

St. Louis became an important place for selling furs.

Phillippe Renault ran the lead mines near Ste. Genevieve

In French MissouriWomen

Clothing

Cooking

Schools

French People at Play

Valle Family

Chapter 4 Review