Chapter 5 Heredity

Pages 125-143

Genetics terminology

Traits – things that you inherit from your parents

Heredity – the passing of traits from parents to offspring

Genetics- the study of how the traits are inherited

Probability- the chance that something will take place (odds)

The code for traits is carried on chromosomes

This code is called the genotype. The result of the code is called the phenotype Tongue Rolling example

Genotype can be Heterozygous Homozygous

Vocab we all need to know…

Dominant Trait– Recessive Trait- Heterozygous- Homozygous- Genotype- Phenotype

Pompe Disease

It is a recessive disease.

The Punnett Square

1. Traits

2. Parents

Punnett Square

Genotypes and %

Phenotypes and %

Mice and Fur Problem

Gregor Mendel – The father of genetics

Worked with pea plants (30,000 total) Found out that some traits were dominant

and some recessive

Mendel’s Laws of Heredity

1. Traits are controlled by alleles on chromosomes.

2. Alleles can be dominant or recessive. 3. During meiosis the chromosomes that

carry the two forms of the allele go into separate sex cells (gametes).

Punnett Square

Fruit Fly Lab

Genetics News

Punnett Square Practice

1a. BB x bb

Problem 1b.

Bb x Bb

Problem 2a Yy x Yy

Problem 2b Yy x yy

Conclusion….

According to my to hypothesis our prediction of male to female should have 1:1. Our data was close, for example

Incomplete Dominance

When you have two alleles and both are dominant.

Sex Linked Traits

Traits that associated with being male or female

Hemophilia

How to do a punnett square for sex-linked traits. In humans colorblindness is a sex-linked

recessive trait. Show the possible children of a female carrier and a normal male.

ATB-In mice having fur is a dominant trait, what can you say about the genotype of this creature?

Fly lab 2

Punnett Square Problems

Lemming Lab

http://www2.edc.org/weblabs/Punnett/punnettsquares.html

Problem 2

Problem 3 Fly Packet Dihybrid cross

Fly Lab # 3 Dihybrid Cross Predictions for Phenotypes

Orange & Round = 56.25% Orange & Bar = 18.75% Black and Round = 18.75% Black and Bar = 6.25%

Lab

Four different colors of dice Female

Blue (body color) Yellow (eye shape)

Male White (body color) Black (eye shape)

Human Sex Determination

Human Chromosomes Hemophilia a sex linked disease

Fly packet conclusions due Wednesday…. For each give a purpose statement saying

what was the lab about. Type your conclusion

Colorblindness is a sex-linked disease, show the offspring of a female carrier and a male with the disease.

color vision test

Incomplete Dominance

In some flowers white and red flowers have incomplete dominance. What types of offspring could a red and white flower have?

Polygenic Inheritance

When many genes contribute to a trait. It produces a wide variety of results in the

phenotype. Hair color, eye color, height, weight,

Blood Type

3 genes determine blood type,A, B, O You only get 2 at a time A and B are “co-dominant” O recessive blood type

Portfolios Due Tuesday

50-50 chances lab Coin flip lab Lemming lab Punnett square ws Punnett square quiz Biologica (dragon) Punnett sq. review crossword

Pea pod lab Polygenic lab (height) Green pepper lab Fly packet Inherited traits (face) Fly conclusions Chapter rev NTWS

Make your own color blindness test

Blood Type

Multiple alleles Co-dominance Blood Type Gene Possiblities

Chart of Blood Types

Blood Type Antigens on the blood cell

Antibodies in blood

A A B

B B A

AB Both AB None

O None AB

Universal Donor – can give blood to anyone Type O

Universal Recipient – can get blood from anynone Type AB

ATB

Could a man who is type AB blood have a child who is type O?

Could a man who is type A blood have a child who is type O?

Vocab List for the Quest

Heredity Alleles Genetics Dominant Recessive Genotype Phenotype Homozygous Heterozygous Co-Dominance(incomplete Dominance) Polygenic Inheritance Sex-linked traits Pedigree