Chapter 5.2(k) Building Chapter 5.2(k) Building Colonial UnityColonial Unity

1. Why did the British customs 1. Why did the British customs officials seize the Liberty Who officials seize the Liberty Who

owned it?owned it?

They thought it was carrying smuggled They thought it was carrying smuggled goods.goods.

John HancockJohn Hancock

2. How did this event unite 2. How did this event unite Bostonians?Bostonians?

The colonists felt the British had pushed The colonists felt the British had pushed them too far.them too far.

First, they passed laws that violated First, they passed laws that violated colonial rights,colonial rights,

Second, they sent an army to occupy Second, they sent an army to occupy colonial citiescolonial cities

3. Why did Parliament send 2 regiments 3. Why did Parliament send 2 regiments of British troops to Boston? What did of British troops to Boston? What did

colonists nickname these troops?colonists nickname these troops?

A. because customs officers were worried A. because customs officers were worried the colonists were about to rebel.the colonists were about to rebel.

B. RedcoatsB. Redcoats

4. Why did Bostonians felt the 4. Why did Bostonians felt the British had pushed them too far?British had pushed them too far?

First, they passed laws that violated First, they passed laws that violated colonial rights,colonial rights,

Second, they sent an army to occupy Second, they sent an army to occupy colonial citiescolonial cities

5. How did these troops behave 5. How did these troops behave toward the people of Boston?toward the people of Boston?

Treated them rudely, sometimes violentlyTreated them rudely, sometimes violently

Even though the soldiers made little Even though the soldiers made little money, it angered the colonists that they money, it angered the colonists that they took off-hours jobs.took off-hours jobs.

The soldiers stole from shops or fought The soldiers stole from shops or fought with young boys in the streetswith young boys in the streets

6. What was the result of tension 6. What was the result of tension between Boston colonists and between Boston colonists and

redcoats?redcoats?

A fight broke out between the townspeople A fight broke out between the townspeople and the soldiers (the Boston Massacre)and the soldiers (the Boston Massacre)

7. When did it occur? date7. When did it occur? date

March 5, 1770March 5, 1770

8. What happened in the Boston 8. What happened in the Boston Massacre?Massacre?

Angry townspeople moved through the Angry townspeople moved through the streets, picking up stones, shovels, etc, streets, picking up stones, shovels, etc, toward King Street. The sentry (guard) on toward King Street. The sentry (guard) on duty panicked & called for help. The crowd duty panicked & called for help. The crowd starting throwing things, knocking down a starting throwing things, knocking down a soldier, and the redcoats fired. Five soldier, and the redcoats fired. Five colonists were killed.colonists were killed.

9. Who was Crispus Attucks?9. Who was Crispus Attucks?

One of the colonists killed in the Boston One of the colonists killed in the Boston Massacre, he was a dockworker who was Massacre, he was a dockworker who was part Native American, part Africanpart Native American, part African

10. What is propaganda?10. What is propaganda?

Ideas or information designed and spread Ideas or information designed and spread to influence opinion (p. 137, 547)to influence opinion (p. 137, 547)

11. How were Sam Adams’ posters 11. How were Sam Adams’ posters and Paul Revere’s engraving and Paul Revere’s engraving examples of propaganda? examples of propaganda?

They exaggerated the events, promoting They exaggerated the events, promoting anti-British feelingsanti-British feelings

12. How did Revere’s engraving 12. How did Revere’s engraving affect colonists?affect colonists?

Revere’s powerful image strengthened Revere’s powerful image strengthened anti-British feeling.anti-British feeling.

13. What did colonists do in 13. What did colonists do in reaction?reaction?

They called for stronger boycotts on British They called for stronger boycotts on British goods.goods.

14. What did parliament do in 14. What did parliament do in reaction to the boycott?reaction to the boycott?

Parliament repealed all the Townshend Parliament repealed all the Townshend Acts taxes except the one on tea.Acts taxes except the one on tea.

The colonists felt they had won a victory, The colonists felt they had won a victory, called off the boycotts, and started using called off the boycotts, and started using British goods again.British goods again.

15. What did committees of 15. What did committees of correspondence do? Who correspondence do? Who

organized them? Why was this a organized them? Why was this a powerful tool?powerful tool?

Circulated writings about colonists’ Circulated writings about colonists’ grievances against Britain. grievances against Britain.

Other committees formed throughout the Other committees formed throughout the coloniescolonies

16. Who defended the British 16. Who defended the British soldiers who were tried for murder soldiers who were tried for murder

after the Boston Massacre?after the Boston Massacre?

John AdamsJohn Adams

17. Why did the British pass the 17. Why did the British pass the Tea Act of 1773? Tea Act of 1773?

To save the British East India Company, To save the British East India Company, because they were on the brink of financial because they were on the brink of financial ruinruin

18. What did the Tea Act do?18. What did the Tea Act do?

The East India company could ship tea to The East India company could ship tea to the colonies without having to pay most of the colonies without having to pay most of the taxes usually placed on tea.the taxes usually placed on tea.

Allowed the company to bypass colonial Allowed the company to bypass colonial merchants and sell its tea directly to merchants and sell its tea directly to shopkeepers at a low price.shopkeepers at a low price.

19. What did colonial merchants 19. What did colonial merchants do?do?

Called for a new boycott of British goods.Called for a new boycott of British goods.

20. Even though East India 20. Even though East India Company tea was cheaper than Company tea was cheaper than

any other tea in the colonies, why any other tea in the colonies, why were many colonists upset?were many colonists upset?

Because it gave the company a very Because it gave the company a very favorable advantage over colonial favorable advantage over colonial merchants, and another way for the British merchants, and another way for the British to make money.to make money.

21. How did the Daughters of 21. How did the Daughters of Liberty support the boycott?Liberty support the boycott?

Issued a pamphlet saying they would Issued a pamphlet saying they would rather “part with our tea” than part with our rather “part with our tea” than part with our freedom.freedom.

22. What happened to shipments of 22. What happened to shipments of tea to New York City, Philadelphia tea to New York City, Philadelphia

& Charleston? & Charleston?

The ships were forced to turn around and The ships were forced to turn around and go back to Great Britaingo back to Great Britain

23. Why did the Boston Tea Party 23. Why did the Boston Tea Party occur?occur?

Because the royal governor refused to let Because the royal governor refused to let the ships turn back. (His house had been the ships turn back. (His house had been destroyed by Stamp Act protesters)destroyed by Stamp Act protesters)

24. What was the Boston Tea 24. What was the Boston Tea Party?Party?

On December 16 a group of men (Sons of On December 16 a group of men (Sons of Liberty) disguised as Mohawks armed Liberty) disguised as Mohawks armed themselves with hatchets and marched to themselves with hatchets and marched to the wharves. At midnight they boarded the the wharves. At midnight they boarded the ships and threw 342 chests of tea into the ships and threw 342 chests of tea into the harbor.harbor.

25. Did people want to declare 25. Did people want to declare independence at this point?independence at this point?

No, they still thought of themselves as part No, they still thought of themselves as part of the British empire.of the British empire.

26. What did King George III say 26. What did King George III say about the colonies?about the colonies?

““We must master them or totally leave We must master them or totally leave them alone.”them alone.”

27. What laws were passed as 27. What laws were passed as punishments for the Boston Tea punishments for the Boston Tea

Party?Party?

The Coercive or “Intolerable” ActsThe Coercive or “Intolerable” Acts

28. What 4 things did the Coercive 28. What 4 things did the Coercive Acts do?Acts do?

1. Closed Boston Harbor until Mass. 1. Closed Boston Harbor until Mass. Colonists paid for the ruined tea.Colonists paid for the ruined tea.

2. Banned town meetings2. Banned town meetings

3. permitted royal officers to be tried in 3. permitted royal officers to be tried in other colonies or in Britain when accused other colonies or in Britain when accused of crimes.of crimes.

4. Forced Bostonians to shelter soldiers in 4. Forced Bostonians to shelter soldiers in their own homes.their own homes.

29. Why were these actions so 29. Why were these actions so harmful to colonists?harmful to colonists?

They limited their rights to self-They limited their rights to self-government, didn’t have to have a jury government, didn’t have to have a jury trial, forced colonists to spend their money trial, forced colonists to spend their money to feed and house the British soldiers.to feed and house the British soldiers.

30. Why did colonists think 30. Why did colonists think these acts violated their rights these acts violated their rights

as English citizens?as English citizens?

Violated their rights as British citizens Violated their rights as British citizens (covered in the English Bill of Rights)(covered in the English Bill of Rights)

- no quartering of troops in private homes- no quartering of troops in private homes

- no standing army in peacetime without - no standing army in peacetime without their consent. their consent.

31. 31.

31. The 31. The Quebec Act Quebec Act granted religious granted religious freedom for French Catholics. It also gave freedom for French Catholics. It also gave Quebec the area west of the Quebec the area west of the Appalachian Appalachian MountainsMountains and north of the and north of the Ohio RiverOhio River..

Colonists disliked this law because it Colonists disliked this law because it ignored colonists claims to this area.ignored colonists claims to this area.

32. What did the colonists call the 32. What did the colonists call the Coercive Acts? What does that Coercive Acts? What does that

term mean?term mean?

The Intolerable ActsThe Intolerable Acts

They could not tolerate the laws anymore. They could not tolerate the laws anymore.