Chapter 6Chapter 6A Strong Start for the A Strong Start for the

UnionUnionSection OneSection One: A federal : A federal

Government is EstablishedGovernment is Established

Essential Question:Essential Question:What were some events that What were some events that

happened in Washington’s happened in Washington’s Presidency?Presidency?

Actions taken by President Actions taken by President WashingtonWashington

• Created a CabinetCreated a Cabinet• Judiciary Act of 1789Judiciary Act of 1789• Stopping the Whiskey RebellionStopping the Whiskey Rebellion• Proclamation of NeutralityProclamation of Neutrality• Jay’s TreatyJay’s Treaty• XYZ AffairXYZ Affair• Pinckney’s TreatyPinckney’s Treaty• Farewell AddressFarewell Address

Washington’s CabinetWashington’s Cabinet• State State

Department- Department- Secretary of Secretary of StateState

• Foreign Foreign AffairsAffairs

• Thomas Thomas JeffersonJefferson

Washington’s CabinetWashington’s Cabinet• War Department- War Department-

Secretary of WarSecretary of War (now known as (now known as the secretary of the secretary of the defense)the defense)

• Manage military Manage military affairsaffairs

• Henry KnoxHenry Knox

Washington’s CabinetWashington’s Cabinet• Treasury Treasury

DepartmentDepartment

• Secretary of the Secretary of the TreasuryTreasury

• Oversee the Oversee the nation’s financesnation’s finances

• Alexander Alexander HamiltonHamilton

Hamilton’s Beliefs• Hamilton believed that Hamilton believed that

the nations future the nations future depended on a strong depended on a strong federal government federal government controlled by the wealthycontrolled by the wealthy

• The best way to The best way to strengthen the strengthen the government was to government was to establish economic establish economic polices that helped polices that helped business and industrybusiness and industry

Hamilton’s Financial PlanHamilton’s Financial Plan• Pay off the National Pay off the National

DebtDebt

• Pay bondsPay bonds

(certificates issued (certificates issued in exchange for in exchange for loans) in full loans) in full

• Federal Government Federal Government should pay off all should pay off all states debtsstates debts““Ham”-ilton”Ham”-ilton”

National DebtNational Debt• The nation owed money to The nation owed money to

other countriesother countries

• To have good standing on To have good standing on additional loans, the nation additional loans, the nation must pay the original debts must pay the original debts offoff

BondsBonds• During the Revolutionary War, the new During the Revolutionary War, the new

government of the colonies borrowed government of the colonies borrowed from individuals to finance the warfrom individuals to finance the war

• The government issued bonds to the The government issued bonds to the lenders, but the bonds were virtually lenders, but the bonds were virtually worthless.worthless.

• Hamilton felt that the government had Hamilton felt that the government had to make good on all bonds made.to make good on all bonds made.

A REVOLUTIONARY WAR BONDA REVOLUTIONARY WAR BOND

State DebtsState Debts• Many of the Southern States had Many of the Southern States had

already paid off their debts they had already paid off their debts they had from the Revolutionfrom the Revolution

• The Northern States had notThe Northern States had not• Southern States were compromised Southern States were compromised

with a pledge that the Nation’s with a pledge that the Nation’s Capital would be located across the Capital would be located across the Potomac River from Virginia. This Potomac River from Virginia. This was Washington D. C. was Washington D. C.

Hamilton’s Bank ProposalHamilton’s Bank Proposal• Create a Bank of the Create a Bank of the

United States, or a United States, or a National BankNational Bank

• This would provide a This would provide a safe place to deposit safe place to deposit government funds and government funds and establish uniform establish uniform currency (paper currency (paper money)money)

• The bank could make The bank could make loans to assist the loans to assist the government. government.

Judiciary Act of 1789Judiciary Act of 1789 • Established a federal Established a federal

district court for district court for each stateeach state

• Specified that there Specified that there would be 6 justices would be 6 justices of Supreme Court to of Supreme Court to be nominated by the be nominated by the President and President and approved by the approved by the Senate Senate

Pennsylvania FarmersPennsylvania Farmers

Whiskey RebellionWhiskey Rebellion• Federal Government Federal Government

placed a tax on whiskey.placed a tax on whiskey.

• The government The government intended to raise money intended to raise money for paying its debtsfor paying its debts

• This hurt This hurt the the

Pennsylvania FarmersPennsylvania Farmers

• They rebelled by They rebelled by marching to Philadelphia marching to Philadelphia as an angry mobas an angry mob

Whiskey RebellionWhiskey Rebellion• Washington sent in Washington sent in

the colonial militia the colonial militia and ended the and ended the rebellion.rebellion.

• It was the first It was the first action of action of “enforcing” the law “enforcing” the law by a President.by a President.

FranceFrance• In 1789, the French In 1789, the French

people revolted people revolted against the king and against the king and the aristocracythe aristocracy

• The people of the The people of the United States were United States were split on helping the split on helping the French people with French people with their revolutiontheir revolution

France• On one hand, the On one hand, the

French Monarchy had French Monarchy had supported the U.S. in supported the U.S. in the Revolutionthe Revolution

• On the other hand, the On the other hand, the people of France were people of France were resisting a Monarchy resisting a Monarchy that was not treating its that was not treating its people as participants people as participants in government.in government.

FranceIf the United States If the United States

were to get were to get involved on the involved on the

side of the French side of the French people, it might people, it might

bring the U.S. into bring the U.S. into war with Britain, war with Britain,

who had sided with who had sided with the Monarchy.the Monarchy.

Neutrality ProclamationNeutrality ProclamationPresident George President George

Washington Washington believed that no believed that no involvement in involvement in

Europe was the best Europe was the best course. In 1793, he course. In 1793, he

issued the issued the Proclamation of Proclamation of

Neutrality stating Neutrality stating that the U.S. would that the U.S. would not get involved.not get involved.

Jay’s Treaty• Settled northern Settled northern

boundary disputes boundary disputes with British Canadawith British Canada

• Obtained British Obtained British acknowledgement acknowledgement of the neutrality of of the neutrality of the U.S. the U.S.

• Britain received Britain received most favored most favored nation status with nation status with the U.S. the U.S.

XYZ AffairXYZ Affair• France was upset France was upset

with the U.S. for with the U.S. for making Jay’s Treaty making Jay’s Treaty with Britain.with Britain.

• The U.S. sent The U.S. sent representatives to representatives to meet with the Prime meet with the Prime Minister of France, Minister of France, TallyrandTallyrand

XYZ AffairXYZ AffairInstead of meeting Instead of meeting Tallyrand, they met Tallyrand, they met

three French three French officials that were officials that were

named only, “Mr. X, named only, “Mr. X, Mr. Y, and Mr. Z”. Mr. Y, and Mr. Z”. These secret men These secret men

told the U.S. told the U.S. representatives they representatives they may see Tallyrand, may see Tallyrand,

if they pay $250,000.if they pay $250,000.

XYZ AffairXYZ Affair• The XYZ Affair infuriated the U.S. The XYZ Affair infuriated the U.S.

citizenscitizens

• The U.S. began to build a large The U.S. began to build a large impressive navy after this impressive navy after this situationsituation

• The quote of the time was, The quote of the time was, “millions for defense, not one “millions for defense, not one cent for tribute”cent for tribute”

Pinckney’s TreatyPinckney’s Treaty• Treaty between Spain Treaty between Spain

and the United Statesand the United States

• Recognized the Recognized the Southern boundary of Southern boundary of the U.S. with Spanish the U.S. with Spanish Florida as the 31Florida as the 31stst parallel.parallel.

• Also, granted U.S. Also, granted U.S. navigation rights on navigation rights on the Mississippi River the Mississippi River

Farewell AddressFarewell Address• ““steer clear of steer clear of

permanent alliances permanent alliances with any portion of with any portion of the foreign world”the foreign world”

• Dangers of forming Dangers of forming political partiespolitical parties

• Government is good Government is good if it is based on if it is based on religion and moralityreligion and morality