CHAPTER 6 LANDUSE - Kalpetta Municipality - 06 LAND... · population of the district is living in the 1.89% of the total area of the district. ... Area (Ha) 43 72 54 4 455 ... 6.3

63

Development Plan for Kalpetta Municipality

Town & Country Planning Department, Government of Kerala

Land Use

CHAPTER 6 LANDUSE

Land use depicts the distribution of people and their activities over space. For preparing

development plan, which is based on spatial planning approach, thorough study and analysis of existing land use is very much essential for understanding the activity pattern and spatial structure which form the basis for formulating concept for future development. 6.1 District Land Use

The total area of Wayanad district is 2131 sq.Km and the major share of land use

categories are agriculture & plantation and vested forest, which constitutes 49.96% and 39.26% of the district area respectively. The forest land use concentrated on the peripheral area of the district. Only 0.70% total area of the district is Residential land use. As per the DUR it is stated that the peoples in wayanad are holders of large extent of land, hence the residential agriculture mix land use constitute 6.39 % of the total area. It is observed that in Kalpetta, 3.79% of the total population of the district is living in the 1.89% of the total area of the district. The major share of various land use categories of Kalpetta, which are contributing to that of district land uses are, agriculture, vested forest, Paddy and Residential. The details of district land use is shown in Fig 6.1 and Fig 6.2

Source: Satellite Data

Fig 6.1 District land use map Fig 6.2 District land use break up 6.2 Land use Analysis of Kalpetta Municipality

The total area of Kalpetta municipality is 40.47 Sq.km. The existing land use map of Kalpetta municipality shows that, on the basis of land use the town has to perform dual function, i.e. urban activities concentrated in an around NH 766 and peripheral wards have strong agricultural based activities. The same pattern is taking place in the case of district land use. While studying the existing land use pattern of the town it is seen that more than half of geographical area is covered by agricultural lands and more than 1/10th of the area is covered by

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Land Use

vested forest. Paddy and water bodies constitute 4.70% of the total land area. This indicates that the environmental quality of the place and emphasis the necessity of proper planning intervention in order to meet the present and future requirements without compromising the environmental quality. The existing land use map of Kalpetta municipality is shown in Fig 6.3

Source: Land use survey 2010 Fig 6.3 Spatial distribution of Existing Land use of Kalpetta Municipality 2010

The land use break up in terms of area as well as percentage with respect to total area is

shown in Table 6.1 and Fig 6.4

Table 6.1: Existing land use break-up Existing land use break up 2010

Road

Wat

er b

ody

Vaca

nt La

nd

Tran

spor

t &

Com

mun

icat

ion

Resid

entia

l Are

a

Vest

ed F

ores

t

Publ

ic La

nd

Padd

y

Park

& O

pen

spac

e

Dry

Culti

vatio

n

Com

mer

cial

Indu

stria

l

Area (Ha) 43 72 54 4 455 511 54 118 4 2664 34 34 % of total area 1.06 1.78 1.33 0.10 11.24 12.63 1.33 2.92 0.10 65.83 0.84 0.84 % of net area 1.29 2.15 1.61 0.12 13.60 15.27 1.61 3.53 0.12 79.62 1.02 1.02

Source: Land use survey 2010

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Land Use

Source: Land use Survey 2010 Fig 6.4 Existing land use break-up of Kalpetta Municipality 6.3 Ward wise Land Use Analysis of Kalpetta Municipality Land use pattern of an area is the physical manifestation of the people and their activities. The concentration pattern of land use gives an idea about where that particular land use is concentrated within the municipality. The concentration pattern of a land use can be ascertained by the concentration Index of the land use which is calculated as follows. Concentration Index (CI) of a particular land use in the municipality: =

Area of land use in a ward/ total area of the ward Area of land use in the municipality/total area of the municipality

The concentration index may be greater than one, equal to one or less than one. Wards

with any particular land use concentration index greater than one indicates that the land use under consideration is highly concentrated in that area. Table 6.2 shows the distribution of various types of land use in ward wise and Table 6.3 Ward wise concentration index of major land uses.

Table 6.2 Ward wise distribution of land use in Sq.km

Ward wise distribution of Land use 2010

War

d N

o &

Nam

e

Road

Wat

er b

ody

Vaca

nt L

and

Tran

spor

t &

Com

mun

icatio

n

Resid

entia

l Are

a

Vest

ed F

ores

t

Publ

ic La

nd

Padd

y

Park

& O

pen

spac

e

Dry

Culti

vatio

n

Com

mer

cial

Indu

stria

l

Tota

l

1 Maniyankode 0.02 0.08 0.02 0 0.49 0 0.02 0.12 0.03 3.1 0.01 0 3.89 2 Puliyarmala 0.01 0.06 0.02 0 0.09 0 0.02 0.05 0 2.46 0 0 2.71 3 Kainatty 0.01 0 0.07 0 0.2 0 0.09 0.05 0 1.9 0.05 0.03 2.4 4 Nedungode 0.07 0 0.03 0 0.25 0 0.02 0.01 0 1.18 0.01 0.01 1.58 5 Govt. High School 0.02 0.03 0.01 0 0.34 0 0.01 0.21 0.01 0.39 0.01 0.01 1.04 6 Kanyagurukulam 0.01 0 0 0 0.17 0 0.01 0 0 0.31 0.03 0 0.53

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Land Use

7 Emilithadam 0 0 0 0 0.1 0 0.01 0 0 0.1 0.01 0.01 0.23 8 Municipal Office 0.01 0 0.02 0 0.11 0 0.01 0 0 0.16 0.02 0 0.33 9 Gudalaikunnu 0 0 0.01 0 0.15 1.1 0.01 0 0 1.1 0.01 0.01 2.39 10 Kuttikunnu 0 0 0.01 0.01 0.17 1.56 0.01 0 0 0.52 0.01 0.01 2.3 11 Chungam 0.01 0.01 0.01 0 0.1 0 0.01 0 0 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.22 12 Madiyurkuni 0.04 0.03 0 0 0.16 0 0.02 0.05 0 0.55 0.04 0.01 0.9 13 Market 0.01 0 0.02 0.02 0.12 0 0.01 0 0 0.34 0.03 0.01 0.56 14 Pulpara 0.01 0 0.05 0 0.33 2.45 0.06 0.04 0 2.08 0.01 0.01 5.04 15 Puthurvayal 0.08 0.11 0.01 0 0.21 0 0.01 0.15 0 2.28 0.01 0.01 2.87 16 Vellaramkunnu 0.02 0.12 0.12 0.01 0.33 0 0.02 0 0 2.61 0.01 0.02 3.26 17 Perumthatta 0.01 0 0 0 0.24 0 0.03 0 0 1.09 0.01 0.01 1.39 18 Govt. College 0.04 0.19 0.1 0 0.34 0 0.1 0.37 0 5.05 0.01 0.17 6.37 19 Thurky 0.04 0.01 0 0 0.27 0 0.03 0.07 0 1.02 0.01 0 1.45 20 Ambileri 0.01 0.03 0.03 0 0.23 0 0.03 0.06 0 0.19 0.01 0 0.59 21 Maravayal 0.01 0.05 0.01 0 0.15 0 0.01 0 0 0.17 0.01 0.01 0.42 Total 0.4 0.72 0.54 0.04 4.55 5.11 0.54 1.18 0 26.6 0.34 0.3 40.47

Source:Land use survey 2010

Table 6.3 Ward wise concentration index of major land uses Ward wise Concentration Index

Ward No & Name Roa

ds

Wat

erbo

dy

Vaca

nt L

and

Tran

spor

t &

Com

mun

icatio

n

Resid

entia

l Are

a

Vest

ed F

ores

t

Publ

ic La

nd

Padd

y

Park

&

Ope

nspa

ce

Dry

Culti

vatio

n

Com

mer

cial

Indu

strie

s

01 Maniyankode 0.48 1.16 0.30 0.00 1.12 0.00 0.39 1.06 0.78 1.21 0.31 0.00 02 Puliyarmala 0.35 1.24 0.30 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.55 0.63 0.00 1.38 0.00 0.00 03 Kainatty 0.39 0.00 1.05 0.00 0.74 0.00 2.81 0.71 0.00 1.20 2.48 1.45 04 Nedungode 4.17 0.00 0.45 0.00 1.41 0.00 0.95 0.22 0.00 1.13 0.75 0.73 05 Govt.High School 1.81 1.62 0.15 0.00 2.91 0.00 0.72 6.93 0.97 0.57 1.14 1.11 06 Kanyagurukulam 1.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.85 0.00 1.41 0.00 0.00 0.89 6.74 0.00 07 Emilythadam 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.87 0.00 3.26 0.00 0.00 0.66 5.18 5.03 08 Municipal office 2.85 0.00 0.30 0.00 2.96 0.00 2.27 0.00 0.00 0.74 7.21 0.00 09 Goodalaikkunnu 0.00 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.56 3.65 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.50 0.48 10 Kuttikkunnu 0.00 0.00 0.15 4.40 0.66 5.38 0.33 0.00 0.00 0.34 0.52 0.50 11 Chungam 4.28 2.55 0.15 0.00 4.04 0.00 3.41 0.00 0.00 0.28 16.23 5.26 12 Madiyurkkuni 4.18 1.87 0.00 0.00 1.58 0.00 1.67 1.91 0.00 0.93 5.29 1.28 13 Market 1.68 0.00 0.30 36.13 1.91 0.00 1.34 0.00 0.00 0.92 6.38 2.06 14 Pulppara 0.19 0.00 0.75 0.00 0.58 3.86 0.89 0.27 0.00 0.63 0.24 0.23 15 Puthurvayal 2.62 2.15 0.15 0.00 0.65 0.00 0.26 1.79 0.00 1.21 0.41 0.40 16 Vellaramkunnu 0.58 2.07 1.80 3.10 0.90 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.00 1.22 0.37 0.71 17 Perunthatta 0.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.54 0.00 1.62 0.00 0.00 1.19 0.86 0.83 18 Govt College 0.59 1.68 1.50 0.00 0.47 0.00 1.18 1.99 0.00 1.20 0.19 3.09 19 Thurkki 2.60 0.39 0.00 0.00 1.66 0.00 1.55 1.66 0.00 1.07 0.82 0.00 20 Ambileri 1.60 2.86 0.45 0.00 3.47 0.00 3.81 3.49 0.00 0.49 2.02 0.00 21 Maravayal 2.24 6.69 0.15 0.00 3.18 0.00 1.78 0.00 0.00 0.62 2.83 2.75

Source:Land use survey 2010 The concentration of different categories of land uses are described in detail in the following

paragraph.

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Land Use

6.3.1 Residential

Residential land use constitutes 10.4% of the municipality area. Its spatial distribution is

shown in Fig 6.5

The residential areas are developed mostly in places with easy accessibility and proximity of

facilities. As per the analysis, it shows that the wards 07, 11, 20 and 21 having high concentration of residential area (CI = 3-6) and followed by wards 01,04,05,06,08,13,17 and 19 where CI = 1-3. The land value of this area is high and the peoples are forced to move to the outer reach of area and there is a trend to convert the agriculture land for residential purposes. If more population is accommodated in the already developed area, it will be difficult to provide the basic amenities to the area. Hence strict development control has to be enforced in the area and surrounding wards has to be open to accommodate more residents. The concentration pattern of residential land use is shown in Fig. 6.6

Source:Land use survey 2010 Fig 6.5 Spatial Distribution of Residential Land use

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Land Use

Source:Land use survey 2010 Fig. 6.6 Concentration pattern of residential land use

6.3.2 Commercial

Commercial area constitutes only 0.84% of the Municipal area, the spatial distribution of

which is shown in Fig 6.7 The Fig 6.7 shows that the commercial developments are concentrated along major transport

corridors especially NH 766 as ribbon development. The Chungam junction (ward-11) can be treated as important Commercial centre and followed by wards are 03, 05.06,07,08,12,13 and 20. It is seen that commercial land use are concentrated in around the main traffic corridor NH 766 from traffic junction to Kainatty junction. Concentration pattern of commercial land use is shown in Fig. 6.8

Source:Land use survey 2010 Fig 6.7 Spatial Distribution of Commercial Land use

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Land Use

Source:Land use survey 2010 Fig 6.8 Concentration pattern of Commercial land use

6.3.3 Industrial

Industrial land use constitutes 0.86% of the Municipal area. The only Industrial area is the

KINFRA PARK located near Vellaramkunnu. Besides some small scale service industries and wood based industries are scattered in the municipality. From the survey it is seen that engineering & service industries are predominant in the area followed by garment making. Major share of industrial land use concentrated in wards are 07,11and 18, followed by wards are 03, 05, 12,13and 21.

As per the spatial distribution of major Industrial land use, the concentration is shown in ward 18 (government college) due to presence of KINFRA PARK. Spatial distribution and its concentration pattern of industrial land use are shown in Fig 6.9 and Fig 6.10 respectively.

Source:Land use survey 2010 Fig 6.9 Spatial distribution of Industrial Land use

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Land Use

Source:Land use survey 2010 Fig 6.10 Concentration pattern of Industrial land use

6.3.4 Public and Semi Public

Offices, educational Institutions, hospitals and religious and cultural institutions are grouped under this category. Kalpetta Municipality acts as the administrative head quarters of the district. There are large numbers of Govt. offices concentrated in the North-East area due to the presence of Civil Station and Government College at Vellaramkunnu.

The educational facilities are ill distributed in the town and almost all the higher order educational facilities are concentrated in and around the core area. The North-West, South -West and southern areas are devoid of any educational institutions. It can be seen that almost all the health facilities are concentrated in and around the core area and the hinter lands are devoid of any health facilities. The General Hospital Kalpetta is proposed to be transferred to the new block at Kainatty and the existing Govt. Ayurveda hospital is located at Emily.

The total extent of land occupied by public and semi-public use comes to 1.38% of the total

Municipal area. The spatial distribution of public and semi public use is shown in Fig 6.11. The major share of public & semi public land use concentrated in the wards are 03, 07, 11 & 20 and followed wards are 06, 12, 13,17,18,19 and 21

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Land Use

Source:Land use survey 2010 Fig 6.11 Spatial distribution of Public & Semi Public use

6.3.5 Park and Open space

The park and open space constitutes 0.10% of the total Municipal area. Which include

stadium, play grounds, community hall, public libraries and cinema halls. The stadium under construction owned by District Sports Council, Wayanad at Maravayal is the only stadium of this kind. But the stadium has poor road accessibility. The Indoor stadium owned by the Municipality at Ambilery is under construction. There is no organized park and open space in the Municipality. The play ground attached to SKMJ HS Kalpetta is being used for public function. The spatial distribution of Park and Open space is shown in Fig 6.12.The land use is concentrated in wards are 01&05.

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Land Use

Source:Land use survey 2010 Fig 6.12 Spatial distribution of Park &Open Space

6.3.6 Transportation

The area covered by transportation network comes to 1.11% of total Municipal area. The

total length of roads in the Municipality comes to 172.73Km and the road density is 5.83 Km/1000ppn. The town has moderately good road network, but all the roads including NH, SH, MDR and other roads in the Municipality are very narrow and characterized by poor geometry and surface quality. A new bus stand is under construction at the southern part of core area and when it materializes; the old Bus stand at central part of core area will becomes a bus bay. The KSRTC garage is located at “Chuzhali” which is inadequate to meet the present needs itself. The spatial distribution of transport facilities is shown in Fig 6.13

Source: Land use survey 2010 Fig 6.13 Spatial distribution of Transport facilities

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Land Use

6.3.7 Agriculture

The major share of land in the Municipality is occupied by agriculture. The dry and wet agriculture jointly constitute 68.75% of total Municipal area. The paddy lands are scattered mainly on the western side of the town and is being converted for residential purposes and other construction purposes. At present the agriculture mainly depends upon rain and no irrigation facilities are available in the municipality. The “Irumbupalam Puzha” is the only source, of irrigatable water. The extent of paddy is seen decreasing and the area comes to 1.18 Sq.km, which is 2.92% of the total Municipal area. The spatial distribution and concentration of paddy lands are show in Fig 6.14 and Fig 6.15 respectively. Major share of paddy concentrated in the wards are 05, &20 followed wards are 01,12,15,18 & 19.

Source:Land use survey Fig 6.15 Concentration pattern of paddy

Source:Land use survey 2010 Fig 6.14 Spatial distribution of Paddy

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Land Use

The dry agriculture area is distributed in the entire municipal area except at the core area of the town. Still a higher concentration is seen in the outer peripheral area of the municipal town except Eastern side where Vested Forest located. These areas are characterized by undulating terrains and low population density. Coffee is the most important crop in the municipality. Tea, Areca nut, Coconut, Pepper and Banana are the other crops in the area. A general pattern followed is mixed crop pattern which comprises the above crops except Tea. Tea plantation is mainly seen on the Eastern side of the Municipality adjacent to Vested Forest. The share of major crops are 52.9% Coffee, 13.08% Tea, 10.76% Pepper and 4.3% of Coconut and Banana and the balance land is used for other cultivation like Ginger, Turmeric, Vegetables etc. Major share of dry cultivation is concentrated in the wards are 1, 2,3,4,5,16,17,18 &19.The spatial distribution of agricultural land is shown in Fig 6.16

Source:Land use survey

6.3.8 Forest Land use

Total extent of Forest area comes to 5.11 Sq.km which constitutes 12.62% of the total municipal area in which all the construction activities are prohibited. The Vested Forest located in the southern side of the town i.e. In Re.Sy.Nos.303, 391,392,393,394,396 and 397 of Block 20 are seen leased to Coffee Board Research Station. The spatial distribution of Forest land use is shown in Fig 6.17. The share of forest land use concentrated in the wards are 9,10,14 & 17.

Fig 6.16 Spatial distribution of Agricultural Land

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Source:Land use survey 2010 Fig 6.17 Spatial distribution of Forest Land use

6.4 Inference

The study of land use of the Municipality shows that there is enough scope for development in future. The environmental quality of the place has not been degraded much due to the development activities. The depletion of agricultural land use is not very severe in the municipality even though paddy fields have been extensively filled up for various other purposes.

Documents

CHAPTER 6 LANDUSE - Kalpetta Municipality - 06 LAND... · population of the district is living in the 1.89% of the total area of the district. ... Area (Ha) 43 72 54 4 455 ... 6.3