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Chapter 6The American Revolution
-Stuff I would try to remember Advantages/disadvantages Loyalist Women roles during war Nathan Hale Battle of Trenton and Princeton Capture of Philadelphia Battle of Saratoga
The Opposing Sides
No Navy 2.5 Million people Lacked a regular Army Government not organized Not all people supported
the patriot cause Know the landform of the
countryside Fighting for Home land
and heart
World’s strongest Navy 9 Million people Large & trained Army Formed and organized
government Majority of British citizens
supported war Fighting in strange
countryside Fighting for pay
United States Britain
The Loyalists: Those who remained loyal to Britain
o Wanted to stay members of the Anglican Church
o Feared disorder of a new governmento Had no opinion and did not want to get
involved: Apathy!o Feared the loss of business: $o Often families and friends were divided in their
opinion of the war
African Americans in War Many wanted to stay loyal to Britain: Why? Slaves were promised freedom for fighting
with the British. Often slaves would take the place of their
owners and fight for Independence.
Patriot Advantages Fighting on own land Fighting for home Fighting from the heart and belief Great Leader: George Washington Britain relied on mercenaries (Hired
soldiers)
Raising an Army Created Continental Congress but 13 colonies
hesitant to give complete power: Why? Each state were pursuing their own wars: 13
separate wars Continental Army was the difficult to form
because men wanted to fight in their own state militia: What problems would come from this?
States had to volunteer men to the Continental Army.
Women in War Women were not allowed to fight in battle Wives would go with husbands Some women disguised as men fought in war
Fighting in New York Where was most of the early battles
fought? Britain sends 32,000troops to New York
which really surprised the people: Why? Battle of Long Island: Washington and
outnumbered troops attack Miserable lost for Continental Army
Nathan Hale Hero of Long Island Hung for treason
“I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country”
Bravery but short on supplies Lots of bravery but little supplies Supplies limited because of British
embargo What can you do?
Low Point 1776-1777 winter creates near collapse of the
Patriot cause Deserters: Men leaving going home without
permission
What would you do if you were Washington?
Thomas Paine and The Crisis Propaganda Washington read the
pamphlet to inspire his men: IT WORKED!
The Crisis“These are the times that try men’s
souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will in this crisis shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands it now deserves the love and thanks of man and woman.”
Patriot Gains Washington needs more troops;
can slaves be soldiers? Southerners say “NO” Why?
African Americans join the Fight As the need grew, many states enlisted
African Americans Many fought for they believed they would be
freed Many fought for the pay
American Victories in New JerseyTrenton and Princeton
British army settled in New York for winter in 1776-1777
Winter is usually a hiatus of war Washington crosses the Delaware River on
Christmas night to surprise the British troops Washington and the Continental army were
successful: captured 900 Hessian! Yeah! Glorious Victory!
Lord Cornwallis He and his British troops chase Washington
after Trenton Washington and his men escape Raises the moral of the country to be “Liberty
mad again”
A British Plan for Victory British troops under General Howe were to attack
the Patriots in Albany New York First, will attack Patriot forces in Philadelphia Philadelphia falls to British without much ado (Why
is this important to know?) British stay in Philadelphia for the winter while
Washington and his troops stay in the countryside (Valley Forge)
Patriots Slow the British British plans for moving to Albany
slowed Patriots able to halt advanced North General Burgoyne’s 30 wagons of
personal luxuries slowed travel
Battle of Saratoga Burgoyne surrenders his sick, weary injured
troops at Saratoga Becomes the TURNING POINT OF THE
WAR Burgoyne offers a toast of George
Washington at a dinner….why is this important?
British plan to cut off New England to other colonies failed!