Chapter 7

Colonial Life in North America

Tuesday, January 28, 2014

Please take all of your belongings and stand in the back of the room silently

Tuesday, January 28, 2014Homework:

Make sure you can access online textbook People, Places, and vocabulary page 232

and read lesson 1 (page 232-236)

Do Now: Open to a new blank page either in your notebooks or your iPad. Label it Material After Midterms: Chapter 7

Wednesday, January 29, 2014

No homework

Do Now: Clear off your desks. Have nothing but a pen and piece of paper. Make sure your name is on it.

Fighting for Florida

We have already learned that the Spanish established New Spain in 1535.

New Spain stretched from South America to Mexico, with its capital in Mexico City

By the mid 1500s, Spanish leaders decided they wanted to extend their colony into Florida

They knew about this region from the explorer Juan Ponce de Leon who traveled through this region

Defeating the French Pedro Menendez de Aviles led a small fleet of

warships to Florida

The French had already started building a settlement in the Florida territory

Menendez de Aviles made it his mission to find the French, defeat them, and claim Florida for Spain

Claiming Land

In a series of bloody battles, the Spanish defeated the French and claimed Florida.

The Spanish founded St. Augustine on

the east coast of Florida

This was the first permanent settlement in what is now the US

New Mexico Soon after moving into Florida, the Spanish

began expanding into what is now the Southwest region of the US.

In 1598, Don Juan Onate led a small Spanish army north across the Rio Grande

The Spanish called this region New Mexico

They hoped to find silver and gold here

The Land

The Spanish found out this area was not rich in minerals

They also found that New Mexico was too hot and dry for most kinds of farming

The open grasslands were good for sheep and cattle ranching

Thursday, January 30, 2014

Homework: page 240 Places, people, Vocabulary

Do Now: Please take out the notes from yesterday

Haciendas

Some wealthy ranchers built haciendas (large estates)

Haciendas were often self-sufficient communities, with vegetable gardens, workshops, and mills

To connect Mexico City with New Mexico, the Spanish built a road called El Camino Real (“The Royal Road”

Pueblo Revolt

In 1860, a Pueblo leader named Pope led a revolt against the Spanish in New Mexico

Pueblo people were ready to join his fight The Spanish were enslaving the Pueblo people Sending some to Mexico Forcing some to work on ranches and mission in

New Mexico

The Pueblo attacked settlements all over New Mexico

The Apache and Navajo joined in the fight

Pope and his men surrounded Santa Fe

Two Crosses A Pueblo leader named Juan rode into the city

carrying two crosses, one white, one red

When asked, Juan declared “If you choose the white there will be no war but you must all leave the country. If you choose the red, you must all die, for we are many and you are few”

The Spanish refused to leave, but were driven out of New Mexico

Read page 236

What caused Native Americans in New Mexico to lose their unity and ultimately their hold on the land?

Why did the Spanish build new settlements in the Southwest in the 1700s?

Tuesday, February 4, 2014

Homework:Complete Page 246 vocabulary,

people and places

Do Now:Read page 246 “You Are There”

Conflict Over Land

Population of the colonies was growing quickly

Settlers wanted more land to build farms and towns

The only thing that made sense was to move west where Native Americans were living Native Americans resisted English settlement

Land Conflict Leads to War

In New England, Metacom led Native Americans in battle against the English. Metacom was a Wamanoag and the son of the

chief, Massasoit. The English called Metacom “King Philip” This war became known as King Philip’s War

After a year, Metacom was killed, giving the English settlers a victory

Settlers Continue to Move West

During the 1700s, settlers continued to move as colonial cities, towns, and plantations grew

Because of this growth and constant need for more land, the Atlantic Coast was becoming more expensive.

The Backcountry

In search of land, families began moving to the backcountry A rugged stretch of land near the Appalachian

Mountains

Families: built log cabins Hunted Carved small farms from the rocky soil

Settlers Move Even Farther West

By mid 1700s, settlers moved even farther

They had crossed the Appalachian Mountains, entering the Ohio River Valley A region of fertile land and thick forests along the

Ohio River Other groups had already claimed this land!

Conflict Over Land AGAIN

Powerful Native Americans lived in the Ohio River Valley

The French claimed it was part of New France

Now What?? WAR was the only thing that could decide who

would claim this territory!

The Ohio River Valley

France’s claim of this land was based on Robert La Salle He claimed the Mississippi River and all its

tributaries The French began building forts

England also claimed this land British leaders wrote a letter demanding the

French leave

The Ohio River Valley George Washington, a young military leader at

the time, was sent to deliver the message to the French

The French refused

In March 1754, Washington led 150 soldiers west to build a British fort. The French had already built Fort Duquesne Washington tried to capture this fort

Thursday, February 6, 2014

Homework:Page 251 2 & 3

Do Now:Map Adventure Page 248Have out vocabulary page 246 (Tues.

HW)

The French and Indian War

Washington never got to Fort Duquesne

In the woods near the Fort, he had defeated a group of French soldiers

After this battle, Washington returned to Fort Necessity A fort they had begun building a few days before On a meadow in what is now southwestern

Pennsylvania

The French and Indian War

“We expect every hour to be attacked by a superior force. Let them come, what hour they will” (George Washington)

And they did… In July 1754, the French attacked on a rainy day Many of Washington’s men were killed and

wounded Washington was forced to surrender

The French and Indian War

Washington and his soldiers were forced to return to Virginia

In the 13 colonies, the war was known as the French and Indian War British forces were fighting against the French

and their American Indian allies

Gaining Allies The British tried to make Native American allies of

their own

The Iroquois did not want to help at first

Hendrick, an Iroquois leader, pointed out that the fighting could end in the destruction of the Iroquois

Again, the British forces tried to capture Fort Duquesne. They were attacked and defeated

The British Worried

In London, the British realized that the French had been dominating this war

They sent more soldiers to fight in North America.

The British began winning battles with the help of the Iroquois

Friday, February 7, 2014

HW: Chapter 7 test next Friday!

Do Now: Compare last night’s homework with a partner (page 251)

Key Battle

Quebec, the capital of New France, was captured by General James Wolfe and the British army

The British officially won the French and Indian War when the treaty of Paris in 1763 was signed

Much of the land of the Native Americans were now part of the British empire

Pontiac’s Rebellion

The British settlers were now moving onto the land that had been won

Native Americans resisted

In 1763, Pontiac, an Ottawa leader, led his warriors to revolt

British forts and settlements were attacked in the Ohio River Valley and along the Great Lakes

British Leaders Were Alarmed

The British did not want to fight anymore

King George III issued the Proclamation of 1763: The colonists were no longer allowed to

settle on land west of the Appalachian Mountains

Monday, February 10, 2014

Homework:Complete newspaper article

Do Now:Sequence the French and Indian War

from the beginning

Newspaper article

Write an article announcing the French and Indian War including a description of causes and outcomes of attacks

Must be at least 3 paragraphs