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Chapter 7LAN Operating Systems
• LAN Software
• Software Compatibility
• Network Operating System (NOP) Architecture
• NOP Functions
• NOP Trends
LAN Software
• Network operating systems– Interface between hardware and application
software
• Application software: client front ends and server back ends or engines– Productivity software: e-mail, groupware etc.– Resource management software: security &
monitoring
Vertical Software Compatibility
• Common compatibility protocol
• Types– Server: hardware drivers, OS, network
operating system, DBMS, application back-ends, e-mail, groupware, distributed processing
– Client: hardware drivers, OS, network operating system, database front-end, query tools, application tools, groupware, other network applications, distributed processing front-end, user interfaces
Horizontal Software Compatibility
• Transparency between similar software layers between different client and servers
• Use middleware– Database middleware– Network operating system middleware– Operating system middleware– Distributed application middleware
NOP Architectures
• Peer-to-peer
• Client/server
• Current client/server
Peer-to-Peer NOSs
• Traditional NOSs: LANtastic or PowerLAN
• Printing & file sharing for less than 50 users
• Workstation as service requester (client) and/or service provider (server
• Lacking interoperability and scalability
Client/server NOSs
• Client software and server software: Netware3.12 and Microsoft LANManager
• Scalability, fast, reliability
• Lacking interoperability
Current Trend of NOSs
• Client NOSs: universal client• Server NOSs have performance characteristics
– NetWare for file and printing servers
– Windows NT, OS/2, UNIX for application servers
• Small business NOSs– High-quality file and printing sharing service
– DOS based, with minimal memory and disk requirement
– Easy installation, configuration, and management
– Dedicated 32-bit server software
– Bundled workgroup software (chat, e-mail)
– Easy migration to server-based NOSs
Client NOS
• Windows 95, OS/2 Warp Connect, Windows NT Workstation
• Functions– Operating system capabilities– Peer-to-peer networking capabilities– Client software to communicate with different
server network operating systems
Client NOS - OS Capabilities
• Desired characteristics– 32-bit OS– Preemptive multitasking– Protect memory space– Symmetrical multiprocessing (SMP)– Multithreading
• User interface: object-oriented, windows
Client NOS - OS Capabilities
• Application program support– Backward compatibility or legacy applications
(16-bit)– 32-bit applications
• Plug-n-play (PnP) features– PnP devices– PnP drivers– Reconfiguration
Client NOS - Peer-to-Peer Networking Capabilities
• File and printer sharing
• Workgroup application
Client NOS - Networking Capabilities
• Multiple servers
• Transfer protocols
• Remote access
• Laptop synchronization (with desktop)– Copy by date option: date range– Bidirectional option– Cloning option– Refresh option: existing files– Delta file synchronization: changes
Client NOS -Analysis
• Hardware/platform– Required-recommended memory– 16 or 32 bit– User interface
• Operating system capabilities
• Peer-to-peer networking capabilities
• Client networking capabilities
Sever NOSs - Types
• UNIX
• TCP/IP
• NFS
• NetWare
• Windows NT
UNIX
• Portability– Hardware platform– Application programs
• Modularity
TCP/IP
• Internet suite of protocols
• De facto standard for communication between heterogeneous network computers
NSF - Network File System
• Sun Microsystems
• Allows multiple different computing platforms to share files– Between NetWare and Windows NT– Between UNIX workstations, minicomputers,
and mainframe
NetWare
• Applications– File server– Printing server
• Global directory service: NetWare Directory Service (NDS)– Distributed– Replicated
Windows NT
• Applications– Web server– Database server– Application server
• Primary domain controller (PDC)– Domain directory service
Sever NOSs - Functions
• Directory service– Directory interoperability
• X.500
• Light-weight directory access protocol (LDAP)
• Microsoft’s open directory services interface (ODSI)
• Application services– Preemptive multitasking– 32-bit execution– Multithreaded application support– Program execution in protected memory space
Sever NOSs - Functions• File service
– System management– SQL– Mail & schedule– SNA gateway to IBM mainframe network
• Network clients services– DOS– Windows– Apple– OS/2– UNIX or NFS
Sever NOSs - Functions
• Network protocols supported– Multiprotocol routing
• Remote access and gateway service
• Management and administration service– Installation, configuration and administration– Integration and migration– Security: authentication, access rights– Audit trail and event logs– RAID
Sever NOSs Analysis
• Hardware/platform
• Installation and configuration
• Networking and connectivity
• Management and administration
Hardware/platform
• Min/max memory
• Min/max disk space
• CPUs
• Symmetrical multiprocessing
• Preemptive multitasking
• Multithreaded application support
• Program execution in protected memory space
Installation and Configuration
• Auto configuration
• No. of NIC drivers
Networking and Connectivity
• Clients supported
• Protocols supported
• Naming services
• Remote access
• E-mail gateway
• Web browser
• Messaging services
Management and Administration
• Central management
• SNMP for enterprise management
• Audit trails and event logs
• Security
• RAID
Server NOS Trends
• Symmetrical multiprocessing
• Clustering and fault tolerance
Assignment
• Review chapters 5-7
• Read Palmer: chapters 1-9
• Prepare exam 2