Chapter 7 NOTESChapter 7 NOTESThe Executive BranchThe Executive Branch

Executive BranchExecutive Branch-- is headed by the is headed by the President. Currently the President is President. Currently the President is Barack Obama and the Vice-Barack Obama and the Vice-President is Joe Biden. They both are President is Joe Biden. They both are Democrats. Democrats.

QualificationsQualifications Must be at least Must be at least 3535 years old. years old. Must be a native born US citizen.Must be a native born US citizen. Must be a resident of the US for at Must be a resident of the US for at

least 14 years.least 14 years.

Unwritten QualificationsUnwritten Qualifications All past Presidents have been male.All past Presidents have been male. Most have been white (Obama is first Most have been white (Obama is first

minority).minority). All have been Christian.All have been Christian. Most have been lawyers.Most have been lawyers. Most have some political experience.Most have some political experience. Most are college educated.Most are college educated. Most are wealthy.Most are wealthy. Most are married Most are married

TermTerm

The President serves a The President serves a 4-year term4-year term. He is . He is limited to limited to 2 terms2 terms. With a possibility of 10 . With a possibility of 10 years.years.

The The 22nd Amendment22nd Amendment limits the limits the President to two terms in officePresident to two terms in office

2222ndnd Amendment Amendment The The 22nd Amendment22nd Amendment limits the limits the

President to two terms in office.President to two terms in office. He is also limited to a total of 10 years.He is also limited to a total of 10 years. This Amendment was ratified to stop This Amendment was ratified to stop

Presidents from becoming to powerful.Presidents from becoming to powerful. F. Roosevelt was the only President to F. Roosevelt was the only President to

be elected to more than 2 terms. He was be elected to more than 2 terms. He was elected to 4 terms from 1932-1944elected to 4 terms from 1932-1944

2020thth Amendment Amendment Reduced the Reduced the lame duck periodlame duck period. . Lame duck period is the time from the Lame duck period is the time from the

election until the time the President election until the time the President takes office.takes office.

Inauguration DayInauguration Day January 20th. The January 20th. The President is takes the oath of office on President is takes the oath of office on the steps of the Capital building at 12 the steps of the Capital building at 12 noon.noon.

The Chief Justice administers the oath The Chief Justice administers the oath to the President to the President

2323rdrd Amendment Amendment This Amendment gave 3 electoral This Amendment gave 3 electoral

votes to the District of Columbia.votes to the District of Columbia. This allows people that live in This allows people that live in

Washington D.C. the ability to vote in Washington D.C. the ability to vote in Presidential Elections.Presidential Elections.

Salary and BenefitsSalary and Benefits The Presidents salary is 400,000 The Presidents salary is 400,000

dollars a year.dollars a year. He has a 50,000-dollar expense He has a 50,000-dollar expense

account.account. Lives rent-free at the White House in Lives rent-free at the White House in

Washington DC. There is also a resort Washington DC. There is also a resort at Camp David in Maryland.at Camp David in Maryland.

The President also travels for free in his The President also travels for free in his limo, his helicopter, and Air Force I.limo, his helicopter, and Air Force I.

The President also receives a pension The President also receives a pension of 70,0000 dollars a year. His wife of 70,0000 dollars a year. His wife will receive 20,000 a year upon his will receive 20,000 a year upon his death death

The Vice- PresidentThe Vice- President The qualifications are the same as the The qualifications are the same as the

President.President. The VP assumes the duties of the President The VP assumes the duties of the President

upon the Presidents death, resignation, or upon the Presidents death, resignation, or impeachment and removal from office.impeachment and removal from office.

His salary is 200,000 dollars a year.His salary is 200,000 dollars a year. 10 Vice-Presidents have been elected 10 Vice-Presidents have been elected

President in our history; George H. Bush was President in our history; George H. Bush was the last in 1988.the last in 1988.

Presidential Succession as Outlined by The Presidential Succession as Outlined by The 25th Amendment and The Presidential 25th Amendment and The Presidential succession Act of 1974succession Act of 1974

The Vice-President takes over when the President The Vice-President takes over when the President cannot fulfill his duties. cannot fulfill his duties.

The Presidential Succession Act along with 25th The Presidential Succession Act along with 25th Amendment established a line of succession to Amendment established a line of succession to the Presidency.the Presidency.

The order is: The order is: Vice PresidentVice President Speaker of the HouseSpeaker of the House President Pro-temporePresident Pro-tempore Cabinet heads (based on their creation), The first Cabinet heads (based on their creation), The first

would be the Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. would be the Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.

Order Of SuccessionOrder Of Succession1. The Vice President2. Speaker of the House3. President Pro Tempore of the

Senate4. Secretary of State5. Secretary of the Treasury6. Secretary of Defense7. Attorney General8. Secretary of the Interior9. Secretary of Agriculture

10. Secretary of Commerce11. Secretary of Labor12. Secretary of Health13. Secretary of Housing14. Secretary of Transportation15. Secretary of Energy16. Secretary of Education17. Secretary of Veterans Affairs18. Homeland Security

Powers of The President (7 Hats)Powers of The President (7 Hats) Legislative Influence- Legislative Influence- the President has the the President has the

power to suggest laws that are needed. He power to suggest laws that are needed. He cannot indorse a bill, but he can ask a member cannot indorse a bill, but he can ask a member of Congress to introduce one, or use the media of Congress to introduce one, or use the media to get his goals across to the American public.to get his goals across to the American public.

The State of The Union AddressThe State of The Union Address- is given - is given once a year in front of a joint session of once a year in front of a joint session of Congress. The speech is nationally televised. Congress. The speech is nationally televised. The President outlines his goals for the country The President outlines his goals for the country in the upcoming year. He also uses the speech in the upcoming year. He also uses the speech to brag about his accomplishments to brag about his accomplishments

Veto PowerVeto Power- The President has the - The President has the power to throw out any legislation power to throw out any legislation that he does not like that he does not like

Commander and ChiefCommander and Chief-- the President is the the President is the leader of all of the US military branches. Only leader of all of the US military branches. Only the President can order troops into battle.the President can order troops into battle.

War Power ActWar Power Act (1973)- limits the Presidents (1973)- limits the Presidents power to commit troops to battle without the power to commit troops to battle without the consent of Congress. This Act was passed consent of Congress. This Act was passed because of our involvement in the Viet Nam because of our involvement in the Viet Nam War. The President can commit our troops for War. The President can commit our troops for 60 days, after that, he needs Congressional 60 days, after that, he needs Congressional approvement to keep the troops involved. The approvement to keep the troops involved. The President can use troops in emergency President can use troops in emergency situations such as, natural disasters, UN situations such as, natural disasters, UN resolutions, and humanitarian aid.resolutions, and humanitarian aid.

Budget RecommendationsBudget Recommendations-- The The President suggests to Congress how President suggests to Congress how much should be spent on the military. much should be spent on the military. Under Ronald Reagan, we increased Under Ronald Reagan, we increased defense spending to combat the Soviet defense spending to combat the Soviet Union. Under Clinton we cut military Union. Under Clinton we cut military spending, but currently President Bush spending, but currently President Bush is spending a lot on the defense is spending a lot on the defense because of 9/11, and the war with Iraq because of 9/11, and the war with Iraq

Foreign PolicyForeign Policy -this refers to our -this refers to our relations with foreign countries.relations with foreign countries.

TreatyTreaty-- is a written agreement is a written agreement between the US and another country. between the US and another country. All treaties must be approved by the All treaties must be approved by the Senate by a 2/3-majority vote Senate by a 2/3-majority vote

Executive Agreement-Executive Agreement- An An agreement between the leaders of 2 agreement between the leaders of 2 nationsnations

Judicial Influence-Judicial Influence- The President has the The President has the power to appoint federal judges.power to appoint federal judges.

ReprieveReprieve- postpones the carrying out of a - postpones the carrying out of a sentence. This allows time to find new evidence sentence. This allows time to find new evidence for a new trial.for a new trial.

PardonPardon-- this forgives a person of a crime that this forgives a person of a crime that they committed. The most famous pardon was they committed. The most famous pardon was when Ford pardoned Nixon after Watergate.when Ford pardoned Nixon after Watergate.

AmnestyAmnesty- this is similar to a pardon except this - this is similar to a pardon except this pardons a large group of people. An example is pardons a large group of people. An example is when Carter gave amnesty to all of the people when Carter gave amnesty to all of the people who dodged the draft during the Viet Nam War who dodged the draft during the Viet Nam War

There are 15 Executive There are 15 Executive departmentsdepartments. .

Each department has a head called Each department has a head called a secretary (exception/attorney a secretary (exception/attorney general). The Secretary advises the general). The Secretary advises the President and they run their President and they run their department.department.

Major DepartmentsMajor Departments The State DepartmentThe State Department-- carries out relations with carries out relations with

foreign nations. Also issues passports, and foreign nations. Also issues passports, and represents the US as ambassadors in Embassies in represents the US as ambassadors in Embassies in foreign nations. The Secretary of State is foreign nations. The Secretary of State is Colin Colin PowellPowell..

The Treasury DepartmentThe Treasury Department-- Responsibility is to Responsibility is to print money, and to collect taxes (IRS). The print money, and to collect taxes (IRS). The Secretary of the Treasury is Secretary of the Treasury is John SnowJohn Snow..

The Defense DepartmentThe Defense Department-- Responsible for Responsible for supervising the military and the CIA. The Secretary supervising the military and the CIA. The Secretary of Defense is of Defense is Robert GatesRobert Gates..

The Justice DepartmentThe Justice Department-- enforces federal laws enforces federal laws and oversees the FBI. The Attorney General is and oversees the FBI. The Attorney General is Alberto Gonzalez.Alberto Gonzalez.

Federal AgenciesFederal Agencies – Are government – Are government agencies under control of the agencies under control of the Executive Branch.Executive Branch.

Government Corporations-Government Corporations- Are Are companies that are run by the federal companies that are run by the federal government. They are non-profit government. They are non-profit groups, this helps out Americans by groups, this helps out Americans by keeping costs down (USPS).keeping costs down (USPS).

FBI- Federal Bureau of Investigation, enforces federal lawFBI- Federal Bureau of Investigation, enforces federal law FCC- Federal Communications Commission regulates FCC- Federal Communications Commission regulates

standards in the commission industry, radio, TV, and the standards in the commission industry, radio, TV, and the Internet.Internet.

CIA- Central Intelligence Agency provides information on CIA- Central Intelligence Agency provides information on foreign countries and their governments.foreign countries and their governments.

IRS- Internal Revenue Service collects federal income IRS- Internal Revenue Service collects federal income taxes.taxes.

NASA- National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA- National Aeronautics and Space Administration, responsible for our space program.responsible for our space program.

OSHA- Occupational Safety and Health Administration, OSHA- Occupational Safety and Health Administration, regulates safety standards for workers.regulates safety standards for workers.

FDA- Food and Drug Administration, food inspection, FDA- Food and Drug Administration, food inspection, labeling of products, and testing of new products.labeling of products, and testing of new products.

FDIC- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Insures bank FDIC- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Insures bank investmentsinvestments

ICC- Interstate Commerce Commission, Unfair business ICC- Interstate Commerce Commission, Unfair business practices and trading.practices and trading.

VA- Veterans Administration, provides help for former VA- Veterans Administration, provides help for former military personnel.military personnel.

Bureaucracy- there are over 5 million Bureaucracy- there are over 5 million federal employees that are involved federal employees that are involved with the Executive Branch. It is the with the Executive Branch. It is the largest branch in the Federal largest branch in the Federal Government Government