Chapter 7 QuizChapter 7 Quiz

Human MemoryHuman Memory

Don’t forget to write your answers on a Don’t forget to write your answers on a separate piece of paper to grade when you’re separate piece of paper to grade when you’re

done!done!

1. The three stages of Atkinson-Shiffrin process 1. The three stages of Atkinson-Shiffrin process of memory are:of memory are:

a) iconic, echoic, encodinga) iconic, echoic, encoding

b) sensory, short term, long termb) sensory, short term, long term

c) shallow, medium, and deep processingc) shallow, medium, and deep processing

d) semantic, episodic, procedurald) semantic, episodic, procedural

2. Which of the following examples best 2. Which of the following examples best illustrates episodic memory?illustrates episodic memory?

a) telling someone how to tie a shoea) telling someone how to tie a shoeb) answering correctly that the Battle of b) answering correctly that the Battle of Hastings was in 1066 Hastings was in 1066c) knowing that the word for black in c) knowing that the word for black in French is noir French is noird) remembering that a clown was at your d) remembering that a clown was at your fifth birthday party fifth birthday party

3. Doug wrote a grocery list of 10 items, but leaves it at 3. Doug wrote a grocery list of 10 items, but leaves it at home. The list included in order: peas, corn, squash, home. The list included in order: peas, corn, squash, onions, apples, pears, bananas, flour, milk, and eggs. onions, apples, pears, bananas, flour, milk, and eggs. If the law of primacy holds, which of the following is If the law of primacy holds, which of the following is Doug most likely to remember when he gets to the Doug most likely to remember when he gets to the store?store?

a) peas, pears, eggsa) peas, pears, eggsb) banana, flour, peasb) banana, flour, peasc) apples, pears, bananasc) apples, pears, bananasd) peas, corn, onionsd) peas, corn, onions

4. Mnemonic devices4. Mnemonic devices

a) can only be used to remember a) can only be used to remember concrete concrete words words

b) have existed since ancient timesb) have existed since ancient times

c) are generally ineffective and are c) are generally ineffective and are unnecessary in modern times unnecessary in modern times

d) are the main element for improving d) are the main element for improving everyday memory everyday memory

5. According to the levels of processing theory of 5. According to the levels of processing theory of memorymemory

a) we remember items that are repeated again a) we remember items that are repeated again and and again again

b) maintenance rehearsal will encode items into b) maintenance rehearsal will encode items into our long-term memory our long-term memory

c) deep processing involves elaborative c) deep processing involves elaborative rehearsal, rehearsal, ensuring encoding into long-term ensuring encoding into long-term memorymemory

d) input, output, and storage are the three levelsd) input, output, and storage are the three levels

6. Which of the following brain structures plays 6. Which of the following brain structures plays a key role in transferring information from a key role in transferring information from short-term memory to long-term memory?short-term memory to long-term memory?

a) hypothalamusa) hypothalamus

b) thalamusb) thalamus

c) hippocampusc) hippocampus

d) frontal lobed) frontal lobe

7. Dan was drunk, so his girlfriend convinced him to 7. Dan was drunk, so his girlfriend convinced him to get out of his car, and she drove him home in her car. get out of his car, and she drove him home in her car. He could not remember where his car was parked He could not remember where his car was parked when he got up the next morning, but after drinking when he got up the next morning, but after drinking some liquor, Dan remembered where he left his car. some liquor, Dan remembered where he left his car. This phenomenon best illustrates:This phenomenon best illustrates:

a) the misinformation effecta) the misinformation effectb) mood-congruent memoryb) mood-congruent memoryc) the framing effectc) the framing effectd) state-dependent memoryd) state-dependent memory

8. Which of the following terms is synonymous 8. Which of the following terms is synonymous with “motivated forgetting”?with “motivated forgetting”?

a) regressiona) regression

b) repressionb) repression

c) sublimationc) sublimation

d) rationalizationd) rationalization

9. A retrieval cue is9. A retrieval cue isa) a brain structure stimulus used to a) a brain structure stimulus used to

locate locate a particular memory a particular memoryb) the same thing as an elaboration b) the same thing as an elaboration encoding variable encoding variablec) a stimulus associated with a memory c) a stimulus associated with a memory

that that is used to locate that memory is used to locate that memoryd) always based on the mood you were in d) always based on the mood you were in when a memory was first encoded when a memory was first encoded

10. Focusing awareness on a narrow range of 10. Focusing awareness on a narrow range of stimuli or events involvesstimuli or events involves

a) encodinga) encoding

b) attentionb) attention

c) elaborationc) elaboration

d) clusteringd) clustering

11. If you were attempting to recall a memory, 11. If you were attempting to recall a memory, the memory process you would be using isthe memory process you would be using is

a) encodinga) encoding

b) storageb) storage

c) retrievalc) retrieval

d) acquisitiond) acquisition

12. A memory code that emphasizes the 12. A memory code that emphasizes the meaning of the verbal input is calledmeaning of the verbal input is called

a) a structural codea) a structural code

b) a phonemic codeb) a phonemic code

c) a semantic codec) a semantic code

d) an episodic coded) an episodic code

13. Which level of processing should result in 13. Which level of processing should result in the longest lasting memory codes?the longest lasting memory codes?

a) structural encodinga) structural encoding

b) mnemonic encodingb) mnemonic encoding

c) semantic encodingc) semantic encoding

d) phonemic encodingd) phonemic encoding

14. Pseudoforgetting is viewed as a function of14. Pseudoforgetting is viewed as a function of

a) interference effectsa) interference effects

b) lack of attentionb) lack of attention

c) hippocampal damagec) hippocampal damage

d) insufficient retrieval cuesd) insufficient retrieval cues

15. Overlearning material will15. Overlearning material will

a) not improve retentiona) not improve retention

b) improve retentionb) improve retention

c) improve retention for nonsense c) improve retention for nonsense syllables, syllables, but not much else but not much else

d) result in “burnout”d) result in “burnout”

Chapter 7 Answer KeyChapter 7 Answer Key

1. B1. B

2. D2. D

3. D3. D

4. B4. B

5. C5. C

6. C6. C

7. D7. D

8. B8. B

9. C9. C

10. B 10. B

11. C11. C

12. C12. C

13. C13. C

14. B14. B

15. B15. B

Essay Question Possibilities!!Essay Question Possibilities!!

One of the following essay questions will One of the following essay questions will appear on your test, be familiar with all of appear on your test, be familiar with all of them!!them!!

Essay Question # 1Essay Question # 1

Using the Atkinson and Shiffrin model of Using the Atkinson and Shiffrin model of memory, describe the capacity, the durability, memory, describe the capacity, the durability, and the typical form of information storage in and the typical form of information storage in each of the three human memory systems, and each of the three human memory systems, and identify the processes that transfer information identify the processes that transfer information from one system to another.from one system to another.

Essay Question # 2Essay Question # 2

Compare the Atkinson and Shiffrin model of Compare the Atkinson and Shiffrin model of short-term memory with Baddely’s more short-term memory with Baddely’s more complex model of short-term memory.complex model of short-term memory.

Essay Question # 3Essay Question # 3

Compare and evaluate decay theory and Compare and evaluate decay theory and interference theory as explanations of interference theory as explanations of forgetting.forgetting.

Essay Question # 4Essay Question # 4

Distinguish between implicit and explicit Distinguish between implicit and explicit memory, declarative and procedural memory, memory, declarative and procedural memory, and semantic and episodic memory, and and semantic and episodic memory, and explain how these are interrelated.explain how these are interrelated.

Essay Question # 5Essay Question # 5

Outline some strategies that can be used to Outline some strategies that can be used to improve everyday memory.improve everyday memory.

Good Luck!Good Luck!

Make sure to double check all of your answers Make sure to double check all of your answers and study them for the upcoming exam. and study them for the upcoming exam. Remember, AT LEAST FIVE of the questions Remember, AT LEAST FIVE of the questions from this quiz will make some sort of from this quiz will make some sort of appearance on the chapter test along with one appearance on the chapter test along with one of the essay questions.of the essay questions.

Take advantage of this study guide and good Take advantage of this study guide and good luck on your test!luck on your test!