Chapter 8

Chapter 8

AfricaAfrica

Take out a sheet of paper. Draw a straight line one the left

side.

Take out a sheet of paper. Draw a straight line one the left

side.At the top of your paper

write: Africa TimelineAt the top of your paper

write: Africa Timeline

As empires took land in the

Middle East and the Americas…

As empires took land in the

Middle East and the Americas…Civilizations will also develop in

Africa

Civilizations will also develop in

Africa

Through conquest and trade Africans

built great kingdoms

Through conquest and trade Africans

built great kingdoms

EgyptKushAksumEthiop

iaMaliSonghayGhanaAsantiKilwaZulu

Section 1

Section 1Ancient

African Kingdoms

Ancient African

Kingdoms

KushKush•Develops around 2000 B.C.•South of Egypt•Present day Sudan•Nomadic cattle herders on savanna (grassy plain)

•Develops around 2000 B.C.•South of Egypt•Present day Sudan•Nomadic cattle herders on savanna (grassy plain)

Previously in Egypt….

Previously in Egypt….

•1786 B.C. - Hyksos invaded Egypt (Middle Kingdom)

•1539 B.C. - Ahmose I defeated Hyksos (New Kingdom)

•Around 1500 B.C. – Thutmose III took control of Nubia

•1786 B.C. - Hyksos invaded Egypt (Middle Kingdom)

•1539 B.C. - Ahmose I defeated Hyksos (New Kingdom)

•Around 1500 B.C. – Thutmose III took control of Nubia

Egypt controls Kush

Egypt controls Kush

•Conquered Kush during New Kingdom

•Controlled for 500 years

•Egyptians influenced Kushites

•Conquered Kush during New Kingdom

•Controlled for 500 years

•Egyptians influenced Kushites

Nubia under Egypt’s control..

Nubia under Egypt’s control..

•Nubia was divided into two districts, Wawat and Kush, ruled by viceroy

•1160 B.C. - Egypt’s power declined (again) viceroys ruled as independent kings

•Nubia was divided into two districts, Wawat and Kush, ruled by viceroy

•1160 B.C. - Egypt’s power declined (again) viceroys ruled as independent kings

•These kings (with Nubian soldiers) began conquering Egypt

•Napata became capital

•These kings (with Nubian soldiers) began conquering Egypt

•Napata became capital

Napata900 B.C – 591

B.C

Napata900 B.C – 591

B.C

Egypt’s influence on Kush

Egypt’s influence on Kush

•Amon-Re•Copper & bronze•Hieroglyphics•pyramids

•Amon-Re•Copper & bronze•Hieroglyphics•pyramids

King KashtaKing Kashta•750 B.C,•Set out to conquer Egypt

•Son – Piankhi – conquered Egypt

•Kush ruled Egypt for about 70 years

•750 B.C,•Set out to conquer Egypt

•Son – Piankhi – conquered Egypt

•Kush ruled Egypt for about 70 years

600 B.C.’s: Assyrians

invaded Egypt and pushed

Kushites back

600 B.C.’s: Assyrians

invaded Egypt and pushed

Kushites back

Kush & AssyriaKush & Assyria•Kushites learned smelting from Assyrians

•Iron farming tools to increase production

•Iron knives and spears to trade

•Kushites learned smelting from Assyrians

•Iron farming tools to increase production

•Iron knives and spears to trade

Products led to Kush

becoming a trading country

Products led to Kush

becoming a trading country

MeroeMeroe•Became Kushite capital in 540 B.C.

•Located on Nile – trade and transportation

•Built temple to worship Amon-Re

•Became Kushite capital in 540 B.C.

•Located on Nile – trade and transportation

•Built temple to worship Amon-Re

Kushites began to lose

power…

Kushites began to lose

power…A.D. 350 – Askumite

armies burned Meroe to the

ground!

A.D. 350 – Askumite

armies burned Meroe to the

ground!

AksumAksum•Present day Ethiopia•Trading country•Middlemen for Mediterranean countries and Far East

•Present day Ethiopia•Trading country•Middlemen for Mediterranean countries and Far East

Emperor EzanaEmperor Ezana

•Destroyed Meroe in A.D. 350

•Converted to Christianity in A.D. 324

•Destroyed Meroe in A.D. 350

•Converted to Christianity in A.D. 324

Aksum Achievements

Aksum Achievements

•Writing system•Terraces – raised levels of land

•Minted gold coins•Stone monuments 60 ft. tall

•Writing system•Terraces – raised levels of land

•Minted gold coins•Stone monuments 60 ft. tall

Decline of AksumDecline of Aksum•Other kingdoms began to interfere with trade

•Arab armies pushed Aksumites toward the interior (inland areas)

•Lived more than 1,000 years

•Other kingdoms began to interfere with trade

•Arab armies pushed Aksumites toward the interior (inland areas)

•Lived more than 1,000 years