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Chapter 8Foner
Securing the Republic
1789-1815
United States in 1789
PRESIDENTS
• George Washington– 1789-1797
• John Adams– 1797-1801
• Thomas Jefferson– 1801-1809
• James Madison– 1809-1817
Politics during the Washington Presidency
• Outset• Symbol• Key figures
• The Hamiltonians– Vision– Plan for prosperity– support
• The Jeffersonians– Vision– Program– support
• Foreign Affairs– French Revolution– Genet– American shipping– Jay Treaty sparks unrest
• Whiskey Rebellion
Emerging Political culture
• Political parties• Informing the public
• Republicans • Federalists
FEDERALISTS: The Adams years
• Washington's retirement• election of 1796• Key figures
• British-French conflict– seizure of ships– XYZ– Quasi-War– Peace of 1800
• Crackdown on political dissent-background– Alien and Sedition Acts– arrests of opponents– protests (Kentucky/VA)
• Election of 1800– Constitutional crisis– Twelfth Amendment
REPUBLICANISM:The Jefferson administration
• The Peaceful Revolution• Goals of new administration
– conciliation– reduce government, army– trade– freedom of press and religion– avoid entangling alliances
• Judicial Review– John Marshall– Marbury v. Madison– Fletcher v. Peck
• Louisiana Purchase from FR– Lewis and Clark
• Barbary coast conflict
• embarrassments overseas– America ships seized
• Failure of the Embargo Act
America after 1803
• Rapid population growth• Strong regional identities; western regional culture• Early secession movements• Intense western migration and new states• Commercial life in the cities
What about the Indians?
REPUBLICANISM:James Madison
• Election of 1808• New Administration goes to
War– Prelude– Outbreak– Course of the War– Conclusion and aftermath
• End of the Federalists
US-Indian relations• Pushing Native Americans Aside
– Ohio Valley– Florida– New Orleans
• Varied US policies
• Indian Response
• Conquest of the West
• Tecumseh’s Vision – Battle of Tippecanoe 1811
Slavery
• The slave Trade• Gabriel’s Rebellion
Republican Legacy
• Founders begin to die in the 1820s
• Thomas Jefferson and John Adams both die July 4, 1826
• James Madison dies in 1836– despairs Declarations principles not yet
extended to African Americans