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7/31/2019 Chapter 8 - Iee - Draft
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Project:Pre-Feasibility Studies & Priority Ranking of 22 Small/MediumDam Sites and Feasibility Study of 10 Small/Medium Dams and Related Structures
in Faryab, Jawzjan, Saripul, Balkh and Samangan Provinces
8.0 INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION (IEE)
8.1 INTRODUCTION
The Ministry of Energy and Water (MEW) of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is
intending to utilise resources available under the World Bank-funded Emergency
Irrigation Rehabilitation Project (EIRP) The water resources schemes being targeted
under the project are small to medium dams, supplying nearby irrigable areas and
provision of other water resources infrastructure such as micro or mini-hydro
facilities. The government strategies behind such activities are to develop long termstrategy to manage water resources which will in turn help in increasing availability
and reliability of water supplies, improving water use efficiency, eliminating
unsustainable land use practices, expanding the irrigated command area and
increasing sustainable agricultural production in Afghanistan.
This IEE has been prepared as part of Pre-Feasibility Studies &Priority Ranking of
22 Small/Medium Dam Sites in Faryab, Jawzjan, Saripul, Balkh and SamanganProvinces. The IEE at this pre-feasibility stage addresses the subjective
environmental impacts due to construction of the proposed project and also the
environmental management and monitoring aspects relating to project
implementation. The project proponent is Ministry of Energy and Water (MEW).
8.2 PROJECT LOCATION
The proposed project,sites are located in the northern part of the Afghanistan
covering five provinces namely, Faryab, Jawzjan, Saripul, Balkh and Samangan
province.. The list of the site along with other details such as province, latitude,
longitude, village name and district are given in the table 8.1.. It can be seen that out
of 22 project sites 10 sites lie in Samangan province, five sites in Faryab province,
two in Balkh province, three in Saripul province and two in Jawzjan province. The
elevation of the project sites range from less than 500 m to more than 2500 m aMSL
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Table 81: Location Details of 22 identified dam sites for PFR and/or FR study
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S.N. Name ofProposed Dam
Province District Village Latitude Longtitude
1 Shamar Samangan Aybeek center Shalaktu 36 14' 5.7" 68 13' 19"
2 Quran dara Samangan Hazrat Sultan Sharik yar 36 25' 21" 68 9' 34.5"
3 BatoBaba(Quchandara )
Samangan Dar-e- Yousif Mahadun Tur 36 13' 42.8" 68 4' 36.8"
4 Chashma Dara Samangan Firoz Naghjir 36 29' 39.5" 67 40' 26"
5 Shiraba Dam Sar-e-Pul Center 36 08' 33" 66 09' 5"
6 Masjet Sabz Sar-e-Pul Sang charak Masjet Sabz 35 50' 49" 66 19' 30"
7 Gudara Dam Sar-e-Pul Center 35 49' 43.8" 66 22' 57.3"
8 Pascha Dam Balkh Char Kant 36 20' 37.9" 67 26' 19.9"
9 Shakrak Faryab Kohistanat Bandar 35 19' 38" 64 34' 45.1"
10 Yati Quluq Faryab Qaisar Nareen 35 47' 23"' "
64 20' 38"' "
11 Toi Mast Dam Faryab Qaisar 35 35' 20.5" 64 15' 17.1"
12 Darz Aab Dam Jozjan Darz Ab 36 0' 13.8" 65 21' 52.5"
13 Fayz Abad Dam Jozjan Fayz Abad 36 29' 33" 66 20' 42"14 Shah Abdullah Samangan Dar-e- Yousif Mahadun Tur 36 0' 26" 67 35' 7.4"
15 Anbar Samangan Royia dow AabNawaz ah waroyai
35 43' 50" 68 2' 5.24"
16 Jahil Kala Samangan Upper Dar-e- 35 36' 53" 67 7' 54.6"
17 Tangi Shadyan Balkh Mazar Shadyan 36 34' 6.3" 67 8' 31"
18 Pasha Dara Faryab Pashtoon Kot Pasha Dara 35 53' 09" 64 48' 30"
19 Dahane Dara Faryab Pashtoon Kot Daraghzi 35 49' 34" 64 51' 54"
20 Kol e Rehmat Samangan Royee Doad Qarghana 35 33' 0" 68 0' 24"
21 Dara e Negaar Samangan Royee Doad Royee 35 45' 08" 67 53' 0"
22 Ab e Keli SamanganKhuram &Sarbagh
Cloor e Baala 35 52' 22" 67 56' 48"
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8.3 OBJECTIVES
The Phase 1 of assignment is aimed to formulate 22 water resources schemes
comprising small to medium dams, diversion works based on pre-feasibility grading
studies and investigations. These schemes are to be evaluated on a common basis
using criteria that are to be evolved by the Consultant in consultation with water
management department, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (IRA) and with approval of
the Ministry of Energy and Water (MEW), IRA. This preliminary assessment will
target schemes which are superior technically and easy to implement, which give
better returns and have minimal environmental and social impacts. In the second
phase, at the feasibility level, Environmental and Social Assessment (ESA) will be
carried out for the 10 most technically suited schemes. The brief scope of work is
given below:
Review of available reports, maps and other existing literature
Undertake an Initial Environmental Examination and an Initial Social
Assessment to rank the 22 potential sites, at prefeasibility level
Carry out the Environmental and Social Assessment, at the
feasibility stage, for the 10 most technically suited sites
The main objective of the IEE is to identify the likely impacts, both positive and
negative on the environment caused due to implementation of the proposed
schemes. The basic objective is to minimize the negative environmental and social
impacts of such development. In order to achieve this objective, all negative impacts
have to be mitigated and the costs of doing so should be included in the economic
analysis of the project.
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8.4 METHODOLOGY FOR IEE
The IEE has been prepared following the methodology laid down in the
Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) prepared for the
Irrigation Restoration and Development (IRD) Project of the Islamic Republic of
Afghanistan, WB Guidelines, Law on the Protection of Nature of the Government of
Afghanistan, and discussions with the National Environmental Protection Agency
(NEPA) and MEW, IRA. The experiences of other studies in preparing IEEdocumentation have also been reviewed.
This IEE was prepared based on reconnaissance field visit and review of secondary
data. This report covers the description of existing environmental conditions,
subjective assessment of impacts caused by the project, recommended mitigation
measures and monitoring plan for the Important Environmental Components (IECs).
The environmental impacts were considered for activities that are expected to take
place during pre-construction, construction and operation phases of the project.
This IEE Study is the result of an intensive inter-disciplinary effort. The data from the
following disciplines were reviewed and incorporated into this study.
- Climate
- Geology
-Seismology
-Hydrology
-Sociology
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8.4 POLICY, LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
The National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPA) is the prime environmental
regulatory and approval authority in Afghanistan .It was constituted in 2005. The Act
under which NEPA was established specifies that the proponents of any project,
plan, policy or activity must submit to NEPA a preliminary Environmental
Assessment, in order to allow NEPA to determine the associated potential adverse
effects and possible impacts. After reviewing the preliminary assessment, NEPA can
either authorize - with or without conditions the project, plan, policy or activity,
provided that the potential adverse effects of the proposed activities on the
environment are unlikely to be significant. Otherwise, NEPA may require the
proponents to submit a detailed environmental impact statement including a
comprehensive mitigation plan for its review and approval.
8.4.1 The Environment Law and the EIA Regulation for IRDP project
It is envisaged that all subprojects and activities of the IRD project fall under
Category 2, which comprises activities with potentially adverse, site specific impacts,
primarily of non-irreversible nature.
The Afghan EIA Regulation requires for Category 2 that the project proponent and
owner should submit an application form and a screening report to NEPA. The
documents should be meeting the agency is required technical guidelines for thescreening report, i.e., description of the activities, completion of Rapid Environmental
Assessment (REA) to identify potential impacts and their sources and the relevant
mitigation measures, public participation in the assessment process and etc.
Once the application form and other relevant documents are submitted to NEPA
according to the agency EIA regulation NEPA would: (i) issue a Certificate of
Compliance, with or without conditions, (ii) advise the applicant in writing to review
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the technical reports and address the concern of NEPA. According to the EIA
regulation NEPA would grant a Certificate of Compliance or would refuse to do so
and provide written reasons for the refusal to the applicant. The EIA regulations are
silent on NEPA rules during implementation of the activities and projects.
The NEPA of Afghanistan is the responsible agency to give environmental clearance
for various development projects. The Project components shall be in accordance
with the environmental requirements of the Government of Afghanistan & World
Bank Guidelines This IEE is prepared in accordance with the guidelines laid down in
the ESMF prepared for the IRD Project of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, The
National Environmental Impact Assessment Policy of the Islamic Republic of
Afghanistan and WB Guidelines.
8.4.2 Environmental Policies, Laws and Regulations:
The National Environmental Impact Assessment Policy 2007 of IRA indicates that a
project is classified Category 1 if it is likely to have significant adverse environmental
impacts that are sensitive, diverse, or unprecedented, and affects an area broader
than the sites or facilities subject to physical works.
A project is classified as Category 2 if its potential adverse environmental impacts
on human populations or environmentally sensitive areas (e.g. wetlands, forests,
grasslands and other natural habitats) are less adverse than those of Category 1
projects. These impacts are site specific, and few are irreversible.
Relevant Government environmental legislative documents are as follows:
-Water Law 2009
-Environmental Law 2007
-National EnvironmentalImpact Assessment Policy 2007
-The Law on Land Expropriation 2005
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-Law on the Preservation of Afghanistans Historical and Cultural Heritage, 2004 The
-Law on Pasture and Public Land 2000
The IEE have been prepared considering these policies, rules and guidelines.
8.4.3 World Bank Guidelines
The World Banks OD 4.01 Environmental Assessment of January 1999 indicatesthe kind of projects which are categorized as A projects and for which a full
environmental assessment (EA) is required. These projects include most of those
having large population displacement impacts. Category B projects do not require a
full EA but do require some environmental analysis. As the present study is a pre-
feasibility level investigation, an IEE is prepared. The sections most relevant to
Environmental Assessment have been reviewed for the present study:
OP/BP 4.01 Environmental Assessment
OP/BP 4.04 Natural Habitats
OP 4.07 Water Resources Management
OP/BP 4.36 Forestry
OP 4.37 Dam Safety
8.5. PROJECT BENEFITS-ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
The major benefit associated with the construction of The Proposed Project is the
availability of a more reliable water supply for irrigation,hydropower and domestic
uses in the project area. The dam will create a reservoir which may be used for
fishery and enhance the potential for increased agricultural production in the area
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downstream of the reservoir. The Project will improve terrestrial and aquatic
ecology, and overall biodiversity in the project impact area; stabilize irrigation
systems in these district. In addition, the objectives are to improve living conditions
and quality of life and to reduce poverty among people living in rural areas where
water availability and access to water are matter of serious concerns. The Project
will help the district to develop effective and sustainable management of irrigation
and to ensure reliable distribution of water. The project will result in reduced risk of
water-borne diseases with the better access to adequate potable water supply in the
area.
8.6 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
8.6.1 Physical Environment
Topography
Mountains dominate in the project area. The topography is characterized by valleys,
mountains, valley margins which are insignificantly vegetative with alluvial deposits
draining from the river.
Soil and Geological Characteristics
The river valley is covered with flood plain deposit of thickness 1 m. The deposit consists ofsub-rounded to rounded cobbles, pebbles and gravel of various igneous and sedimentary rocksin the matrix of sand and silt. Some boulders are deposited along the flood plain (photo 3.1).
The hill slopes are stable and free of any major geological disturbances.
Seismology
The northern, northeastern and southeastern parts of the country are characterized
to have a high to very high seismic risk, while the western and central parts have a
low to moderate seismic risk.
The Machalgho dam site is located in the high hazard zone to the very high hazard
zone according to the seismic hazard map of the country.
Climate
The climate of the project area is dry and temperate. Winter temperatures are low
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and the temperature can go below -15C for many weeks during winter. In the project
area, annual maximum monthly mean temperature is 10.9 C and the minimum is
-1.1C. Climate profile of the nearby Gardez meteorological station is given in Table
8.2
Table 8.2: Climatic Condition of the Gardesh (Average of 2004-07)
Month T max T min T mean Relative
Humidity
Rainfall
oC oC oC % mm
Jan -0.7 -24.5 -12.6 77.05 22.5
Feb 3.8 -9 -2.6 80.63 57.3
Mar 6.6 -2.6 2 58.5 71.4
Apr 11 -2.4 4.3 39.64 42.1May 16.6 8.7 12.65 24.4 16.8
Jun 17.6 9 13.3 24.26 52.2
Jul 22.9 12.4 17.65 30.51 1.8
Aug 19 13.2 16.1 42.53 26.7
Sep 14.4 5.8 10.1 28.37 2.6
Oct 12.8 2.2 7.5 33.87 0.8
Nov 6.2 -5 0.6 62.5 33.1
Dec 0 -20.4 -10.2 76.27 46.2
Mean\Total 10.9 -1.1 4.9 48.2 362.4
Annual rainfall of the project area is observed to be 362 mm. Three-fourth rainfall of
the annual rainfall is occurred in the first half of the year (January to June)
Hydrology
The main source of water in the project area is Mechalghu River. The average
dependable flows are 13.13 M cu m. The level of water in the rivers oscillates
greatly. 70% of the flow is observed in the month of March July. The highest flow
is in April and May (3.3-5.6 cumec) and the lowest flow is observed in January (1.25
cumec). To facilitate the augmentation of water, a dam has been proposed across
the Mechalghu River near Wach Sakh Kala village. The catchment area of the river
at the point of diversion is about 66.85 km2.
3.4 Noise
No noise monitoring data is available in the project area and it is expected that noise
quality will conform to international noise standards with low background noise level.
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The field visit also reveals that vehicular traffic, which is low in volume, is the main
source of noise level.
High noise levels can interfere with communication, damage hearing, cause
sleep deprivation, and disrupt concentration. Noise is measured logarithmically in
decibels (dB). Due to its logarithmic scale, if a noise increases by 10 dB, it
sounds as if the noise level has doubled. If a noise increases by 3 dB, the
increase is just barely perceptible to humans. Often sound is measured as
"Aweighted;"
this filters out low frequency sounds which humans are unable to hear
and is more indicative of the noise people actually hear. In general, the Sound
Pressure Level from an outdoor noise source radiates out from the source,
decreasing 6 dB per doubling of distance. Thus, a noise measured at 80 dB 50
feet away from the source will be 74 dB at 100 feet, 68 dB at 200 feet, and 62 dB
at 400 feet.
Mazar-e-Sharif Environmental AssessmentMarch 29, 2007
Due to the potential for sleep disruption, loud noises between 10 p.m. and 7 a.m.
are normally considered more annoying than loud noises during the day.
Therefore, community noise levels are often measured by the Day-Night Average
Sound Level (Ldn), which is an average of noise in a 24-hour period; however, a
10 dB penalty is added to noise between 10 p.m. and 7 a.m. In the United States,
there is a goal of 55 dB for Ldn in outdoor spaces.
3.4.1 Affected Environment
The area surrounding the site is rural.
3.4.2 Environmental Consequences
3.4.2.1 Construction lmpacts
Dam construction would require equipment for excavation, such as backhoes,
front loaders, bulldozers, and dump trucks; materials-handling equipment, such
as cement mixers and cranes; and, compressors, generators, and pumps. Noise
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generated from this type of equipment would range from 87 to 99 dBA at 30 feet
(Cowan, 1994), which would be equivalent to 57 to 69 dBA at 1,000 feet.
Construction is expected to temporarily increase noise levels in the vicinity.
Given the distance to the nearest homes, construction noise from the dam is of no
concern.
Construction activities would also increase traffic on local roads. Large trucks
would produce noise levels around 89 dBA at 30 feet (Cowan, 1994), which is
equivalent to 77 dBA at 120 feet.
3.4.2.2 Operational lmpacts
Dam construction and development would generally increase noise levels. In
addition, generator use and increased traffic will contribute to noise levels. This
increase would depend on many factors, including size of the park, types of
facilities, use of noise control devices, number of employees, and the amount of
increased traffic. However, given the distance to the nearest homes, operational
noise from the dam is of no concern.
Mitigation Measure:
Project engineers will examine several approaches to cutting generator noise.
Noise barriers and air intake silencers can provide significant noise reduction.
Noise also can be cut through modifications to a generator's exhaust, intake,
ventilation, enclosure and mounting. Sound attenuation baffles can be installed
on the cooling air inlet and outlet.
Another possible approach to reducing noise is limiting the hours of operation.
When power demands drop, generator operation also may decrease.
3.5 Cultural and Historical Resources
3.5.1 Affected Environment
Mazar-e-Sharif and Balkh Province have a long history of human occupation.
There is, however, no record of the site hosting cultural or historical resources.
3.5.2 Environmental Consequences
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Cultural and historical resources should not be affected by construction of the
proposed dam.
.
3.6 Air Quality
Afghanistan has not yet established its ambient air quality standard. There were no
data available on ambient air quality of this area. However, air pollution does not
constitute a major problem in the study area but its reliance on inexpensive energy
has created some issues. Most vehicles run on diesel fuel, and household energy
often relies on burning wood and other materials. As a result, air pollution in urban
areas is visible and may pose health issues.
Apart from wind borne dust during dust storms, ambient air quality in the project area
is likely to be good based on the following characteristics: (i) all the dam sites will be
situated in the rural areas or barren lands (ii) there are no industrial activities existing
in the project area. In the absence of site specific air quality data, the only reliable
means to assess the air quality in the project area is the clear visibility of thesurrounding area. As all the dams will be situated in the rural areas having no major
industry and other air polluting object in the surroundings, it can be concluded that
the air quality in the project area is generally good and does not contain any
materials harmful to the environment.
The major factors affecting the air quality in the Project area are dust emissions from
fuel combustion and brick kilns. Dust from the unpaved roads is the major source of
air pollution in rural areas.
Presently, unleaded petrol is sold in Afghanistan. There is hardly movement of 1 or 2
vehicle in a day on this project road because it is cart road and this is situated in
rural area, so that possibility of lead pollution along the road is negligible.
The project area is not characterized by any formal or informal industrial activities to
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create considerable air pollution, but smog and heavy concentrations of airborne
particulates are common phenomenon in the project influence area due to dust.
Within the project areas there are no industries, so air quality is considered relatively
clean.
Climate factors can affect air quality. In the project area, March and April are the
wettest months at roughly 40 millimeters/month.
The month of August is the driest, averaging 0 millimeters/month. The average
monthly air temperature ranges from 39F in January to 90F in July.
3.6.1 Affected Environment
A 2004 article highlighted some of the growing air pollution problems affecting
Afghanistan (Saba, D., April 2004). Earlier, the January 2003 UNEP Post-
Conflict Environment Assessment Report carried out air sampling at Mazar-e-
Sharif and other sites in Afghanistan. At all sites, results indicate high amounts
of dust and concentrations of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Benzo-apyrene
is one of the pollutants detected and is believed to increase risk of lung
cancer. The highest concentrations were detected in Mazar-e-Sharif, where
analyses show 13.6 Nglm3. The World Health Organization (WHO) average
values for urban areas range from 1 to 10 Nglm3.
3.6.2 Environmental Consequences
Temporary and intermittent air quality impacts would be associated with site
preparation and construction activities. Air pollution from construction equipment,fugitive dust emissions from operation of this equipment during dry conditions,
and increased traffic during construction would cause some minor and temporary
air quality issues. However, the project team can use reasonable precautions to
prevent fugitive dust emissions.
3.7 Water Quality
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There is no water quality data is available in project area. Any site work on
infrastructure will be consistent with applicable codes and standards. When codes
and standards are in conflict, the most stringent shall apply. Further, all work shall be
designed and constructed to meet all Afghanistan codes, standards and laws. In the
absence of Afghanistan codes, standards and laws, internationally recognized
codes, standards, and laws shall be used.
3.7.1 Affected Environment
3.7.1 .I Surface Water
Mazar-e-Sharif is located in between the Rud Khana-e Shahi (Shahi River) and
the Balkh River. The Balkh river, with its 18 tributaries, makes it independent of
other water sources of the region.
Balkh province consists of Balkh, Charbulak, Sholagra, Daulatabad, Nahri Shahi,
Chimtal Shoortipa, Charkent and Mazar-e-Sharif districts. Most of the population
in these districts uses water from irrigation canals as a drinking water supply. In
some areas, water is supplied through shallow and deep groundwater wells.
UNEP has reported that there is a considerable need to extend the city's supplynetwork. A World Bank project is expected to reconstruct and rehabilitate the
existing network only. Extending the network will require identifying groundwater
resources of proper quality and quantity.
3.7.1.2 Groundwater
There is a general lack of understanding about the underlying geologic conditions
in the Mazar-e-Sharif region, which complicates groundwater resource
management. While available information is limited, ongoing studies by several
international organizations should increase the knowledge of geology and
groundwater resources throughout Mazar-e-Sharif and Afghanistan.
3.7.2 Environmental Consequences
Air Quality
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8.6.2 Ecological Resources in Project Area
Terrestrial Flora
Project province - Paktia is one of the forest rich zones of the Afghanistan. The
project area is characterized by coniferous forest, sub alpine and alpine vegetation
etc. Other species are Pistachio and Archa. The following vegetation is common in
project influence area
Above 1,300 m there are evergreen oaks, the eastern varieties of Mediterranean
forms: quercus baloot (up to 2,000-2,300 m); quercus dilatata (ca. 2,000-2,400 m);
quercus semicarpifolia (up to about 2,900m).
The level of coniferous forests, covering the westernmost part of the Himalayan
forests, starts with pinus gerardiana, which from a height of 2,000 m, among the
driest exposures, mixes with the Q. baloot, which grows in the wettest exposures.
Between 2,400 and 2,700 m, when annual precipitations exceed 800 mm, the main
trees are cedars (cedrus deodora) mixed with Q. semicarpifolia.
Between 2,900 and 3,300 m, there are nothing but conifers, forming a mixed forestof spruce (picea smithiana), fir (abies webbiana) and pine (pinus wallichiana).
formation of pistachio and almond trees (here pistacia atlanticao between ca. 1,200
and 1,800 meters)
Aquatic Species and Fisheries
Aquatic species in the river are mainly crab, frog, water snake etc. In the project
area, no fish species are identified during the reconnaissance visit; however, detail
survey will be needed at feasibility level to assess the fishery resources in the river.
Wildlife
Wildlife of the area identified during the reconnaissance survey may be summarized
as below
Reptiles: Snake, Scorpion, Spider, Pincer and Lizard
Amphibians: From, Turtle, Water Snakes
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Mammals: Wolf, Rabbit, Dear, Foxes, mouse,
Birds: Crow, pigeon, Falcon, Hawk, Nightingale, Duck, Wild Hen, Sicken, Swallow,
Lark, Andalif.
Wolf, some rabbit species, foxes, falcon, hawk, sicken, turtle species, and pincer are
among rare species, and the condition of these rare species will be assessed during
feasibility stage for required mitigation measures, if needed.
Protected Areas
Afghanistans biodiversity is similar to that of Middle East and Central Asia.
Conservation of genetic resources in the country was matter of high priority beforethe war. In 1977 the Afghan Government established a Germ Plasm Unit in the
Darul-Aman Research Station, Kabul. However, the entire establishment was
destroyed during the conflict era from 1992 to 1995. 1978)
Zadaran National Reserved is one of the proposed protected areas located in the
south-east part of the Paktia but it is not under the project influence zone but at a
distance of around 40 km from the project dam site.
In the Project area there are no protected, sensitive or designated sites as such from
the point of view of protected areas.
Historical \ Archeological Sites
There is no any monument or archeological \ historical sites in the project influence
area of the Mechalghu Dam Project.
3.9 Ecology
3.9.1 Affected Environment
Afghanistan is home to a wide variety of plant and animal life. A more detailed
discussion can be found in Appendix B.
Over 120 mammal species are found in Afghanistan. Some species have been
categorized as threatened by the World Conservation Union (IUCN). The most
seriously endangered are the goitered gazelle, leopard, snow leopard, markor
goat, the Asiatic black bear, and Bactrian deer.
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The endangered salamander Batrachuperus mustersi does not occur near this
proposed site. This amphibian is found only in streams in the Hindu Kush of
Kabul Province.
Over 450 bird species are found in Afghanistan. Species identified as globally
threatened are the Siberian crane, white-headed duck, marbled teal, Pallas's
sea-eagle, greater spotted eagle, imperial eagle, lesser kestrel, corncrake,
sociable lapwing and the pale-backed pigeon. The IUCN has categorized the
Siberian crane as Critically Endangered. It faces an extremely high risk of
extinction in the wild. The global population, estimated to contain 2,500-3,000
birds, is divided into three groups. Only a single breeding pair may remain in the
central group, which formerly used wetlands in Afghanistan (and Iran) as
stopover points during migration between breeding grounds in Russia and the
Mazar-e-Sharif Environmental Assessment
March 29, 2007
wintering area in India. In Afghanistan, the key resting site is Ab-e-Estada in
Gazni Province.
No aquatic species occur on the proposed industrial park site.3.9.2 Environmental Consequences
No known threatened or endangered plants have been observed or reported in
the area of the proposed site. No occurrences of or suitable habitat for
threatened or endangered plant species were identified during field inspections of
the proposed site. Therefore, none of the proposed alternatives are expected to
have impacts on threatened or endangered plant species or their habitats. The
plant communities that occur on the site are common to, and representative of,
Balkh Province.
Although construction of the proposed facility would affect some plants, the loss
is expected to be insignificant. Field surveys indicate that these vegetation
communities are characterized by common and widespread species in Balkh
Province that would not be adversely affected by the loss of these populations.
No endangered or threatened species were identified on the site. Wildlife
habitats that occur on the site are common throughout the region. Site
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development would remove some plant habitat and displace wildlife populations
that favor these habitats. Most species would find refuge in similar habitats
adjacent to the site. Following development, many of these species would likely
re-colonize in areas surrounding the proposed industrial park. Thus, the
proposed project is not expected to result in significant adverse impacts to
terrestrial animal populations of the site. Further, implementing BMPs will
mitigate any potential concerns.
Site development may result in an increase in populations of animals that favor
recently modified habitats. Some might become a "nuisance" in the area.
The proposed development of the park will not affect any aquatic habitats.
3.10 Prime Farmland, Wetlands, and Managed Areas and Recreation
3.10.1 Affected Environment
Neither wetlands, prime farmland, managed areas nor recreation opportunities
were identified on or in the vicinity of the proposed industrial park site.
3.10.2 Environmental Consequences
There are no potential environmental consequences associated with prime
farmlands, wetlands, managed areas or recreation areas.Mazar-e-Sharif Environmental Assessment
March 29, 2007
3.1 1
Biological Environment
The project site is occupied by a very sparse cover of low perennial shrubs
(predominantly
Artemesia and Acacia species) and scattered annual forbs and grasses. Currently
the village
members harvest shrubs and grass in the area to use as fuel wood and fodder. This
practice is in
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some cases their only livelihood, and has resulted in a severely denuded landscape.
Wildlife
mainly consists of smaller animals, including upland songbirds and rodents. Rodents
are in fact a
problem for many farmers as they destroy the walls of the irrigation canals and
structures.
3.3.1 Biodiversity and Threatened or Endangered Species
Biological (and socio-biological) modification of any environment tends to change
the species
composition of an ecological community. Afghanistan has prepared a comprehensive
draft policy
on conservation of species and is embodied in the Environment Act. The Act has
been submitted
to the Cabinet for approval.
Based on conversations with local villager, there were, at one time, many types of
wild animals
and birds in the remote areas of Khulm District including deer, dogs, foxes, horses,jackasl,
leopards, nanny (wild goat), rabbit, rams, wolves, and snakes. Wild birds such as
cuckoo (fakhta),
hoopoe (hototak), pigeon, quail (Budana), owl, nightingale (Bulbul), hawk (Baz),
goose (Qaaz),
falcon, crow, crane (kolang), and canary were also common. However, a significant
decrease in
the biodiversity of the area has been noted as a result of many factors including
prolonged
drought, conflict, increased population, poor land management, and lack of
conservation
mechanisms enforced by the government
Wildlife and/or Rare/Endangered Species
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Although Afghanistan mandates conservation of endangered species in their
Environmental Law,
the government has not established a national list of threatened and endangered
species. As
previously noted, Afghanistan adopted the policies of the Convention on International
Trade in
Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) in 1985. No protected or
endangered
species listed by CITES are known to occur or have been reported in the area. Many
migratory
bird species may pass through the region. As such, creation or degradation of any
habitat features
(e.g., wetland features associated with Khoja Alghar Spring, or created wetland
nutrient filters),
may impact beneficially or adversely on some bird species. Siberian Cranes,
traditionally
migrated 5000 km southeast from Western Siberian over Afghanistan to theirwintering grounds
in northeast India. The wetlands used by Siberian Cranes is vital to the survival of
cranes. Dasht-e
Nawar and Ab-i-Estada in southern Afghanistan are among the key sites where
Siberian Cranes
have been reported to consistently rest during their migration. The project site does
not provide a
resting habitat for Siberian Cranes.
The project site has traditionally provided pasture land for sheep. Grazing commonly
affects plant
communities through desertification and introduction of weed species when not
carefully
managed. Under such circumstances, biological concerns can be socioeconomically
important.
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Possible biological issues at the site include:
Protection of wetland resources
Changes in land use from grazing to agricultural use
Introduction of weeds and/or insect pests
Draft 04Feb08
61
In general, the project is not likely to adversely affect endangered species.
Forests/Protected Areas
There are no forests or protected areas in the vicinity of the canal area. There are
wetlands
associated with the Chashma-e-Hayat and Khoja Alghar Springs and riverine
ecosystems
upstream of the project. A detailed analysis of the project site for wetlands has not
been
undertaken. The project has a slight potential to affect the hydrology of wetlands
upstream, within,
and downstream (if any) of the project site. However, it is anticipated that wetlandswill not be
significantly affected and will ultimately be eliminated from further detailed study.
3.3.2 Proximity to Protected Areas and Forest Resources or Unique or
Sensitive Natural Habitat
There are no protected areas or sensitive natural habitats in proximity of the project
site. As noted,
there are wetlands associated with the Khoja Alghar and Chashma-e-Hayat springs
and riverine
ecosystems upstream of the project. Based on our field visits to date and
conversations with local
farmers and government organizations, there are no wetlands within the proposed
Mazar Foods
project area. Therefore it is not anticipated that the project will have direct impacts on
wetland
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systems. However, analysis of hydrologic regimes will need to be conducted to
ensure that
upstream riparian areas are not affected by massive surface water usage and
drainage. A
monitoring program should be implemented to ensure that no adverse indirect
impacts occur to
wetland systems in the project area.
3.3.3 Proximity to Sensitive Cultural or Archeological Sites
During preliminary site visits, ancient ruins was identified outside the village of Deh
Hassan,
north of the proposed project boundary. Although this resource is well north of the
current project
boundary, the proximity of the project warrants discussion in the event that project
boundaries are
modified.
Khulm is commonly identified with the ancient town of Aornos on Alexander the
Greats line ofmarch (330-329 B.C.). Later known as Khulm, it was destroyed in the mid-16th
century, the ruins
of which are to the north of present day Khulm.
3.3.4
8.7 SCREENING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
In this section, potential environmental impacts have been assessed according to the
magnitude on different environmental resources to project location, as related to
design, during construction and regular operation. Mitigation measures have also
been recommended for induced impacts. The impacts describes as, I- for
insignificant, M- for moderate or S- for significant and impact duration such as, T-
temporary or P-permanent and are presented in a manner that shows magnitude
and duration of a particular impact, e.g., I/T means the impact is insignificant and is
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temporary in nature. The summary of findings is presented in Table 8.3:
Table 8.3
i. Environmental and Social Parameters for Tangi Shadiyan (site no. 17)
Actions (IECs)AffectingEnvironmentalResourcesand Values
EnvironmentalImpacts of oron the Project
RecommendedMitigationMeasures
IEE Matrix
NoNegativeImpact
Rating of Impact
Small
Moderate Major
-
_ ++-
-+
+-
-+
+
A. Environmental Issues related to Project Location
Areasubmergeddue tocreation ofDam
I/P NoneX
Submergence
of humansettlements
0Nil X
Submergenceof roadsinfrastructure
M/P (around 1km)
Adequatecompensationto concernedDept., andrealignment ofroad
XX
Loss ofagriculturalland fromflooding
0 NIL X x
Loss ofhistoric,cultural oraestheticfeatures byinundations
0 None X
Land
acquisition
0 None X x
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Resettlementofhouseholds
0 None X x
Loss ofwildlife habitat
0 None x
B. Environmental Issues related to Project Design
Bank erosion I/T Provision of toe protection,gabions andboulderplacement
x X
Risk ofbreakage ofembankment
0 None X
Seismic effect I/M or?(Unknowneffects withinProject life)
The dam willbe designedconsistentwithinternationallyacceptedstandards
related to theseismic risk ofthe area tominimize orpreventdamage to thestructuresduringearthquakes
x
C. Environmental Issues during Construction
Air and waterpollution fromconstruction andwaste disposal
I/T(Temporarylocalizeddustpollution)
Constructionmobilize insummerseason, selectappropriatesite forlocation ofcamps,provide masksto workers,disposewastes in a
x
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designatedsite
Deterioration ofwater quality indam
M/T Periodicclearance ofleaf, aquaticplants andother woodyvegetation
X
Disposal of oiland grease
I/T(Machinerysuch as,excavators,
bulldozers,scrapers,tractors)
Propermaintenanceof machineryand plant,
followconstructionimpactmonitoringandmanagementprogramchecklist
X
Fisheriesresources
I/T None x
Sedimentation ofdam and loss ofstorage capacity
M/P Follow landuseregulations,control of landuse inwatershed,prevention ofconversion offorest /pasture toagriculture
X
Safety ofworkers fromaccidents
I/T(Construction relatedhazards,health andsite safety)
Providehelmets,gloves, dress,and otherappropriatesafetydevices toworkers,arrangeperiodicmedical checkup of workers,
X X
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provision ofdecenthousing,standard food,drinking waterand sanitation
Social issues 0 None x
Gender issue 0 None x
Physical impactson culturalheritage
0 None x
Noise andvibration
0 None x
Dust, odors andfumes
I/T (Fugitiveemissionsdue tocrusheroperation)
Maintenanceof equipment,commissioning of cyclone incrusher
x
Pollution ofwater resources
I/T Provision of settling pond
x
C. Environmental Issues during Operation
Operation andmaintenance(O&M)
M/P Provision ofroutinemaintenance;Ensurerequiredbudget forO&M
X x
Flora and fauna I/P Regeneration
of indigenousspecies thatsupportwildlife andbirds
x
Soil Pollutionfrom fertilizer andpesticide
I/P Awareness of IPM and IPNM
X
Downstreamimpacts
I/P Release of optimum water
x
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flow forecosystemmanagementanddownstreamusers
Movement ofwildlife
0 None x
Croplands I/P Monitoring of cropdiversification
x
Rapid melting andinflow of glaciers 0 None x
Gender issue 0 None x
ii. Environmental and Social Parameters for Chasma Dara (Site No. 4)
Actions (IECs)AffectingEnvironmental
Resourcesand Values
EnvironmentalImpacts of oron the Project
RecommendedMitigationMeasures
IEE Matrix
No
NegativeImpact
Rating of Impact
Small
Moderate Major
-
_
++
--
++
--
++
A. Environmental Issues related to Project Location
Areasubmergeddue to
creation ofDam
I/P NoneX
Submergenceof humansettlements
M/P (around 2houses)
Adequatecompensationto PAFs, forhouses andalternativesites
X
Submergenceof roads
infrastructure
M/P (about200 m of road)
Adequatecompensation
to concerned
X
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Dept., andrealignment ofroad
Loss ofagriculturalland and treesfrom flooding
M/P (around 1ha)
Adequatecompensationto PAFs
X x
Loss ofhistoric,cultural oraestheticfeatures by
inundations
0 None X
Landacquisition
M/P (about 1ha)
Adequatecompensationto PAFs
X x
Resettlement ofhouseholds
M/P (about 2houses)
Adequatecompensationto PAFs andalternativehouses
Xx
Loss ofwildlife habitat
0 None x
B. Environmental Issues related to Project Design
Bankerosion
I/T Nil X x
Risk ofbreakage ofembankment
0 Nil X
Seismic effect
I/M or?(Unknowneffects withinProject life)
The dam willbe designedconsistentwithinternationallyacceptedstandardsrelated to theseismic risk ofthe area tominimize orprevent
x
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damage to thestructuresduringearthquakes
C. Environmental Issues during Construction
Air and waterpollution fromconstruction andwaste disposal
I/T(Temporarylocalizeddustpollution)
Constructionmobilize insummerseason, selectappropriatesite for
location ofcamps,provide masksto workers,disposewastes in adesignatedsite
x
Deterioration ofwater quality indam
M/T Periodicclearance ofleaf, aquatic
plants andother woodyvegetation
X
Disposal of oiland grease
I/T(Machinerysuch as,excavators,bulldozers,scrapers,tractors)
Propermaintenanceof machineryand plant,followconstructionimpactmonitoring
andmanagementprogramchecklist
X
Fisheriesresources duringsummer
I/T None x
Sedimentation ofdam and loss ofstorage capacity
M/P Follow landuseregulations,
X
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control of landuse inwatershed,prevention ofconversion offorest /pasture toagriculture
Safety ofworkers fromaccidents
I/T(Construction relatedhazards,health and
site safety)
Providehelmets,gloves, dress,and otherappropriate
safetydevices toworkers,arrangeperiodicmedical checkup of workers,provision ofdecenthousing,standard food,drinking water
and sanitation
X X
Socialissues
0 None x
Genderissue
0 None x
Physical impactson culturalheritage
0 None x
Noise andvibration
0 None x
Dust, odors andfumes
I/T (Fugitiveemissionsdue tocrusheroperation)
Maintenanceof equipment,commissioning of cyclone incrusher
x
Pollution ofwater resources
I/T Provision of settling pond
x
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C. Environmental Issues during Operation
Operation andmaintenance(O&M)
M/P Provision ofroutinemaintenance;Ensurerequiredbudget forO&M
X x
Flora and fauna I/P Regenerationof indigenousspecies thatsupport
wildlife andbirds
x
Soil Pollutionfrom fertilizer andpesticide
I/P Awareness of IPM and IPNM
X
Downstreamimpacts
I/P Release of optimum waterflow forecosystemmanagement
anddownstreamusers
x
Movement ofwildlife
0 None x
Croplands I/P Monitoring of cropdiversification
x
Rapid melting and
inflow of glaciers
0 None x
Gender issue 0 None x
iii. Environmental and Social Parameters for Bato Baba / Qachan Dara(Site No. 3)
Actions (IECs)AffectingEnvironmental
IEE Matrix
Rating of Impact
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Resourcesand Values
EnvironmentalImpacts of oron the Project
RecommendedMitigationMeasures
NoNegativeImpact
Small
Moderate Major
-
_
++
--
++
--
++
A. Environmental Issues related to Project Location
Areasubmergeddue tocreation ofDam
I/P None X
Submergenceof humansettlements
0
Nil X
Submergenceof roadsinfrastructure
M/P (about500 m)
Adequatecompensationto concernedDept.
XX
Loss ofagriculturalland from
flooding
M/P (about 1ha on rightbank)
Adequatecompensationto PAFs
x X
Loss ofhistoric,cultural oraestheticfeatures byinundations
0 None X
Landacquisition
M/P (About 1ha)
Adequatecompensationto PAPs
x
Resettlementofhouseholds
0 None X x
Loss ofwildlife habitat
0 None x
B. Environmental Issues related to Project Design
Bank erosion I/T None X x
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Risk ofbreakage ofembankment
0 None X
Seismic effect I/M or?(Unknowneffects withinProject life)
The dam willbe designedconsistentwithinternationallyacceptedstandardsrelated to theseismic risk ofthe area to
minimize orpreventdamage to thestructuresduringearthquakes
x
C. Environmental Issues during Construction
Air and waterpollution fromconstruction and
waste disposal
I/T(Temporarylocalized
dustpollution)
Constructionmobilize insummer
season, selectappropriatesite forlocation ofcamps,provide masksto workers,disposewastes in adesignatedsite
x
Deterioration ofwater quality indam
M/T Periodicclearance ofleaf, aquaticplants andother woodyvegetation
X
Disposal of oiland grease
I/T(Machinerysuch as,excavators,bulldozers,
Propermaintenanceof machineryand plant,follow
X
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scrapers,tractors)
constructionimpactmonitoringandmanagementprogramchecklist
Impact onFisheriesresources
I/T None x
Sedimentation ofdam and loss of
storage capacity
M/P Follow landuse
regulations,control of landuse inwatershed,prevention ofconversion offorest /pasture toagriculture
X
Safety ofworkers from
accidents
I/T(Constructio
n relatedhazards,health andsite safety)
Providehelmets,
gloves, dress,and otherappropriatesafetydevices toworkers,arrangeperiodicmedical checkup of workers,provision ofdecent
housing,standard food,drinking waterand sanitation
X X
Social issues 0 None x
Gender issue 0 None x
Physical impactson culturalheritage
0 None x
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Noise andvibration
0 None x
Dust, odors andfumes
I/T (Fugitiveemissionsdue tocrusheroperation)
Maintenanceof equipment,commissioning of cyclone incrusher
x
Pollution ofwater resources
I/T Provision of settling pond
x
C. Environmental Issues during Operation
Operation andmaintenance(O&M)
M/P Provision ofroutinemaintenance;Ensurerequiredbudget forO&M
X x
Flora and fauna I/P Regenerationof indigenousspecies thatsupport
wildlife andbirds
x
Soil Pollutionfrom fertilizer andpesticide
I/M Awareness of IPM and IPNM
X
Downstreamimpacts
I/P Release of optimum waterflow forecosystemmanagement
anddownstreamusers
X
Movement ofwildlife
0 None x
Croplands I/P Monitoring of cropdiversification
x
Rapid melting and 0 None x
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inflow of glaciers
Gender issue 0 None x
iv. Environmental and Social Parameters for Shamar (Site No.1)
Actions (IECs)AffectingEnvironmentalResourcesand Values
EnvironmentalImpacts of oron the Project
RecommendedMitigationMeasures
IEE Matrix
NoNegativeImpact
Rating of Impact
Small
Moderate Major
-
_
++
--
++
--
++
A. Environmental Issues related to Project Location
Areasubmergeddue tocreation ofDam
I/P NoneX
Submergenceof humansettlements
0
Nil X
Submergenceof roadsinfrastructure
M/P(about 500 m)
Adequatecompensationto concernedDept.
X
Loss ofagriculturalland from
flooding
M/P Adequatecompensationwould be
provided toPAFs
x X
Loss ofhistoric,cultural oraestheticfeatures byinundations
0 None X
Landacquisition
M/P(About 1 ha)
Adequatecompensation
would be
x
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provided toPAFs
Resettlementofhouseholds
0 None X x
Loss ofwildlife habitat
0 None x
B. Environmental Issues related to Project Design
Bank erosion I/T Nil X
Risk ofbreakage ofembankment
0 Nil X
Seismic effect I/M or?(Unknowneffects withinProject life)
The dam willbe designedconsistentwithinternationallyacceptedstandardsrelated to the
seismic risk ofthe area tominimize orpreventdamage to thestructuresduringearthquakes
x
C. Environmental Issues during Construction
Air and water
pollution fromconstruction andwaste disposal
I/T
(Temporarylocalizeddustpollution)
Construction
mobilize insummerseason, selectappropriatesite for locationof camps,provide masksto workers,dispose wastesin a designatedsite
x
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Deterioration ofwater quality indam
M/T Periodicclearance ofleaf, aquaticplants andother woodyvegetation
X
Disposal of oiland grease
I/T(Machinerysuch as,excavators,bulldozers,scrapers,tractors)
Propermaintenance ofmachinery andplant, followconstructionimpactmonitoring and
managementprogramchecklist
X
Fisheriesresources
I/T None x
Sedimentation ofdam and loss ofstorage capacity
M/P Follow landuseregulations,control of landuse in
watershed,prevention ofconversion offorest / pastureto agriculture
X
Safety ofworkers fromaccidents
I/T(Construction relatedhazards,health andsite safety)
Providehelmets,gloves, dress,and otherappropriatesafety devices
to workers,arrangeperiodicmedical checkup of workers,provision ofdecenthousing,standard food,drinking waterand sanitation
X X
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Social issues 0 None x
Gender issue 0 None x
Physical impactson culturalheritage
0 None x
Noise andvibration
0 None x
Dust, odors andfumes
I/T (Fugitiveemissionsdue to
crusheroperation)
Maintenance ofequipment,commissioning
of cyclone incrusher
x
Pollution ofwater resources
I/T Provision of settling pond
x
C. Environmental Issues during Operation
Operation andmaintenance(O&M)
M/P Provision of routinemaintenance;Ensure
requiredbudget forO&M
X x
Flora and fauna I/P Regenerationof indigenousspecies thatsupportwildlife andbirds
x
Soil Pollution
from fertilizer andpesticide
I/P Awareness of
IPM and IPNM
X
Downstreamimpacts
I/P Release of optimum waterflow forecosystemmanagementanddownstreamusers
x
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Movement ofwildlife
0 None x
Croplands I/P Monitoring of cropdiversification
x
Rapid melting andinflow of glaciers
0 None x
Gender issue 0 None x
v. Environmental and Social Parameters for Anbar / Chali Duzda (Site No.15)
Actions (IECs)AffectingEnvironmentalResourcesand Values
EnvironmentalImpacts of oron the Project
RecommendedMitigationMeasures
IEE Matrix
NoNegativeImpact
Rating of Impact
Small
Moderate Major
-
_
++
--
++
--
++
A. Environmental Issues related to Project Location
Areasubmergeddue tocreation ofDam
I/P None X
Submergenceof humansettlements
0Nil X
Submergenceof roadsinfrastructure
0 Nil X X
Loss ofagriculturalland fromflooding
0 Nil X x
Loss ofhistoric,
cultural or
0 None X
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aestheticfeatures byinundations
Landacquisition
0 X
Resettlementofhouseholds
0 None X x
Loss ofwildlife habitat
0 None x
B. Environmental Issues related to Project Design
Bank erosion I/T None X x
Risk ofbreakage ofembankment
0 None X
Seismic effect I/M or?(Unknowneffects withinProject life)
The dam willbe designedconsistentwith
internationallyacceptedstandardsrelated to theseismic risk ofthe area tominimize orpreventdamage to thestructuresduringearthquakes
x
C. Environmental Issues during Construction
Air and waterpollution fromconstruction andwaste disposal
I/T(Temporarylocalizeddustpollution)
Constructionmobilize insummerseason, selectappropriatesite forlocation ofcamps,provide masks
x
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to workers,disposewastes in adesignatedsite
Deterioration ofwater quality indam
M/T Periodicclearance ofleaf, aquaticplants andother woodyvegetation
X
X
Disposal of oil
and grease
I/T
(Machinerysuch as,excavators,bulldozers,scrapers,tractors)
Proper
maintenanceof machineryand plant,followconstructionimpactmonitoringandmanagementprogramchecklist
X
Impact onFisheriesresources
I/T None x
Sedimentation ofdam and loss ofstorage capacity
M/P Follow landuseregulations,control of landuse inwatershed,prevention ofconversion of
forest /pasture toagriculture
X
Safety ofworkers fromaccidents
I/T(Construction relatedhazards,health andsite safety)
Providehelmets,gloves, dress,and otherappropriatesafetydevices toworkers,
X X
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arrangeperiodicmedical checkup of workers,provision ofdecenthousing,standard food,drinking waterand sanitation
Social issues 0 None x
Gender issue 0 None x
Physical impactson culturalheritage
0 None x
Noise andvibration
0 None x
Dust, odors andfumes
I/T (Fugitiveemissionsdue tocrusher
operation)
Maintenanceof equipment,commissioning of cyclone in
crusher
x
Pollution ofwater resources
I/T Provision of settling pond
x
C. Environmental Issues during Operation
Operation andmaintenance(O&M)
M/P Provision of routinemaintenance;Ensurerequired
budget forO&M
X x
Flora and fauna I/P Regenerationof indigenousspecies thatsupportwildlife andbirds
x
Soil Pollutionfrom fertilizer and
I/M Awareness of IPM and IPNM
X
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pesticide
Downstreamimpacts
I/P Release of optimum waterflow forecosystemmanagementanddownstreamuser
x
Movement ofwildlife
0 None x
Croplands I/P Monitoring of cropdiversification
x
Rapid melting andinflow of glaciers
0 None x
Genderissue
0 None x
vi. Environmental and Social Parameters for Dar e Negaar (Site No. 21)
Actions (IECs)AffectingEnvironmentalResourcesand Values
EnvironmentalImpacts of oron the Project
RecommendedMitigationMeasures
IEE Matrix
NoNegativeImpact
Rating of Impact
Small
Moderate Major
-
_
++
--
++
--
++
A. Environmental Issues related to Project Location
Areasubmergeddue tocreation ofDam
I/T NoneX
Submergenceof humansettlements
0Nil X
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Submergenceof roads andotherinfrastructure
0 Nil X
Loss ofagriculturalland fromflooding
I/T Nil X x
Loss ofhistoric,cultural oraesthetic
features byinundations
0 None X
Landacquisition
0 None X x
Resettlementofhouseholds
0 None X x
Loss ofwildlife habitat
0 None x
B. Environmental Issues related to Project Design
Bank erosion I/T Nil X
Risk ofbreakage ofembankment
0 Nil X
Seismic effect I/M or?(Unknowneffects within
Project life)
The dam willbe designedconsistent
withinternationallyacceptedstandardsrelated to theseismic risk ofthe area tominimize orpreventdamage to thestructuresduring
x
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earthquakes
C. Environmental Issues during Construction
Air and waterpollution fromconstruction andwaste disposal
I/T(Temporarylocalizeddustpollution)
Constructionmobilize insummerseason, selectappropriatesite forlocation ofcamps,provide masksto workers,
disposewastes in adesignatedsite
x
Deterioration ofwater quality indam
M/T Periodicclearance ofleaf, aquaticplants andother woodyvegetation
X
Disposal of oiland grease
I/T(Machinerysuch as,excavators,bulldozers,scrapers,tractors)
Propermaintenanceof machineryand plant,followconstructionimpactmonitoringandmanagementprogramchecklist
X
Fisheriesresources
I/T None x
Sedimentation ofdam and loss ofstorage capacity
M/P Follow landuseregulations,control of landuse inwatershed,prevention ofconversion of
X
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forest/pastureto agriculture
Safety ofworkers fromaccidents
I/T(Construction relatedhazards,health andsite safety)
Providehelmets,gloves, dress,and otherappropriatesafetydevices toworkers,arrangeperiodicmedical check
up of workers,provision ofdecenthousing,standard food,drinking waterand sanitation
X X
Social issues 0 None x
Gender issue 0 None x
Physical impactson culturalheritage
0 None x
Noise andvibration
0 None x
Dust, odors andfumes
I/T (Fugitiveemissionsdue tocrusheroperation)
Maintenanceof equipment,commissioning of cyclone incrusher
x
Pollution ofwater resources
I/T Provision of settling pond
x
C. Environmental Issues during Operation
Operation andmaintenance(O&M)
M/P Provision of routinemaintenance;Ensurerequiredbudget for
X x
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O&M
Flora and fauna I/P Regenerationof indigenousspecies thatsupportwildlife andbirds
x
Soil Pollutionfrom fertilizer andpesticide
I/P Awareness of IPM and IPNM
X
Downstream
impacts
I/P Release of
optimum waterflow forecosystemmanagementand adequatecompensationfor existingmini-hydropowerplant of PAFs
X
Movement of
wildlife
0 None x
Croplands I/P Monitoring of cropdiversification
x
Rapid melting andinflow of glaciers
0 None x
Gender issue 0 None x
vii. Environmental and Social Parameters for Ab e Keli (Site No. 22)
Actions (IECs)AffectingEnvironmentalResourcesand Values
EnvironmentalImpacts of oron the Project
RecommendedMitigationMeasures
IEE Matrix
NoNegativeImpact
Rating of Impact
Small
Moderate Major
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-
_
++
--
++
--
++
A. Environmental Issues related to Project Location
Areasubmergeddue tocreation ofDam
I/P None X
Submergenceof humansettlements
P3 houses X
Submergenceof roadsinfrastructure
I/P Adequatecompensationfor roadrealignmentdue toconstructionof powerhouse
XX
Loss ofagriculturalland and trees
from flooding
P Adequatecompensationto PAPs
x X
Loss ofhistoric,cultural oraestheticfeatures byinundations
0 None X
Landacquisition
M/P Adequatecompensationto PAPs
x
Resettlementofhouseholds
P Adequatecompensationfor 3householdsand alternativehouses forPAFs
X x
Loss ofwildlife habitat
0 None x
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B. Environmental Issues related to Project Design
Bank erosion I/T None X x
Risk ofbreakage ofembankment
0 None X
Seismic effect I/M or?(Unknowneffects withinProject life)
The dam willbe designedconsistentwithinternationallyaccepted
standardsrelated to theseismic risk ofthe area tominimize orpreventdamage to thestructuresduringearthquakes
x
C. Environmental Issues during Construction
Air andwater pollutionfromconstruction andwaste disposal
I/T(Temporarylocalizeddustpollution)
Constructionmobilize insummerseason, selectappropriatesite forlocation ofcamps,provide masksto workers,dispose
wastes in adesignatedsite
x
Deterioration ofwater quality indam
M/T Periodicclearance ofleaf, aquaticplants andother woodyvegetation
X
Disposal of oil I/T Proper X
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and grease (Machinerysuch as,excavators,bulldozers,scrapers,tractors)
maintenanceof machineryand plant,followconstructionimpactmonitoringandmanagementprogramchecklist
Impact onFisheries
resources
I/T None x
Sedimentation ofdam and loss ofstorage capacity
M/P Follow landuseregulations,control of landuse inwatershed,prevention ofconversion offorest /pasture to
agriculture
X
Safety ofworkers fromaccidents
I/T(Construction relatedhazards,health andsite safety)
Providehelmets,gloves, dress,and otherappropriatesafetydevices toworkers,arrangeperiodic
medical checkup of workers,provision ofdecenthousing,standard food,drinking waterand sanitation
X X
Social issues 0 None x
Gender issue 0 None x
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Physical impactson culturalheritage
0 None x
Noise andvibration
0 None x
Dust, odors andfumes
I/T (Fugitiveemissionsdue tocrusheroperation)
Maintenanceof equipment,commissioning of cyclone incrusher
x
Pollution of
water resources
I/T Provision of
settling pondx
C. Environmental Issues during Operation
Operation andmaintenance(O&M)
M/P Provision ofroutinemaintenance;Ensurerequiredbudget forO&M
X x
Flora and fauna I/P Regenerationof indigenousspecies thatsupportwildlife andbirds
x
Soil Pollutionfrom fertilizer andpesticide
I/M Awareness of IPM and IPNM
X
Downstream
impacts
I/P Release of
optimum waterflow forecosystemmanagementand fordownstreamusers
x
Movement ofwildlife
0 None x
Croplands I/P Monitor x
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ing of cropdiversification
Rapid melting andinflow of glaciers
0 None x
Gender issue 0 None x
viii. Environmental and Social Parameters for Quran Dara (Site No.2)
Actions (IECs)
AffectingEnvironmentalResourcesand Values
Environmental
Impacts of oron the Project
Recommended
MitigationMeasures
IEE Matrix
NoNegativeImpact
Rating of Impact
Small
Moderate Major
-
_
++
--
++
--
++
A. Environmental Issues related to Project Location
Area
submergeddue tocreation ofDam
I/T None
X
Submergenceof humansettlements
0Nil X
Submergenceof roadsinfrastructure
0 Nil X
Loss ofagriculturalland fromflooding
0 Nil X x
Loss ofhistoric,cultural oraestheticfeatures byinundations
0 None X
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Landacquisition
0 None X x
Resettlement ofhouseholds
0 None X x
Loss ofwildlife habitat
0 None x
B. Environmental Issues related to Project Design
Bank erosion I/T Nil X
Risk ofbreakage ofembankment
0 Nil X
Seismic effect I/M or?(Unknowneffects withinProject life)
The dam willbe designedconsistentwithinternationallyacceptedstandardsrelated to the
seismic risk ofthe area tominimize orpreventdamage to thestructuresduringearthquakes
x
C. Environmental Issues during Construction
Air and water
pollution fromconstruction andwaste disposal
I/T
(Temporarylocalizeddustpollution)
Construction
mobilize insummerseason, selectappropriatesite forlocation ofcamps,provide masksto workers,disposewastes in adesignated
x
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site
Deterioration ofwater quality indam
I/T Periodicclearance ofleaf, aquaticplants andother woodyvegetation
XX
Disposal of oiland grease
I/T(Machinerysuch as,excavators,bulldozers,
scrapers,tractors)
Propermaintenanceof machineryand plant,follow
constructionimpactmonitoringandmanagementprogramchecklist
X
Fisheriesresources
I/T None x
Sedimentation of
dam and loss ofstorage capacity
M/P Follow land
useregulations,control of landuse inwatershed,prevention ofconversion offorest/pastureto agriculture
X
Safety ofworkers from
accidents
I/T(Constructio
n relatedhazards,health andsite safety)
Providehelmets,
gloves, dress,and otherappropriatesafetydevices toworkers,arrangeperiodicmedical checkup of workers,provision ofdecent
X X
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housing,standard food,drinking waterand sanitation
Social issues 0 None x
Gender issue 0 None x
Physical impactson culturalheritage
0 None x
Noise and
vibration
0 None x
Dust, odors andfumes
I/T (Fugitiveemissionsdue tocrusheroperation)
Maintenanceof equipment,commissioning of cyclone incrusher
x
Pollution ofwater resources
I/T Provision of
settling pondx
C. Environmental Issues during Operation
Operation andmaintenance(O&M)
M/P Provision ofroutinemaintenance;Ensurerequiredbudget forO&M
X x
Flora and fauna I/P Regenerationof indigenousspecies that
supportwildlife andbirds
x
Soil Pollutionfrom fertilizer andpesticide
I/P Awareness of IPM and IPNM
X
Downstreamimpacts
I/P Release of optimum waterflow forecosystem
x
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managementanddownstreamusers
Movement ofwildlife
0 None x
Croplands I/P Monitoring of cropdiversification
x
Rapid melting andinflow of glaciers
0 None x
Gender issue 0 None x
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8.8 INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND
MONITORING PLAN
8.8.1 Environmental Mitigation
Institutions responsible for executing and monitoring the environmental aspects of
this project are:
MEW is responsible for planning, constructing, operating and maintaining EIRP in
Afghanistan. The PCU in MEW is in charge of project management to ensure that
the contract provisions are adhered to. PCU is responsible for environmental
monitoring and management Plan also. The MEW and its provincial authorities will
also undertake routine and random monitoring of specific environmental p