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LEVELS OF ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY No-Tech: pens, pencils, graphic organizers, pencil grips, templates, dictionaries, spell checkers, prewritten words or phrases. Low-Tech: electronic dictionaries, touchscreen, macros High-Tech: word prediction software, voice recognition software, speech output devices, slowing rate of the keys, translation to sign language or braille output
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CHAPTER 8Integrating Technology to Meet Student Needs
ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY
Assistive technology is a device or service that can be used as a tool by a person with a disability to achieve, maintain, or improve a function of daily life, including meeting educational goals and objectives(Evers&Spencer, 2011).
It does not include medical devices that are surgically implanted or the replacement of those types of devices. Example would be a cochlear implant.
AT is identified by levels, types, and categories.
LEVELS OF ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY
No-Tech: pens, pencils, graphic organizers, pencil grips, templates, dictionaries, spell checkers, prewritten words or phrases.
Low-Tech: electronic dictionaries, touchscreen, macros
High-Tech: word prediction software, voice recognition software, speech output devices, slowing rate of the keys, translation to sign language or braille output
TYPESTransparent Translucent Opaque
Device that uses icons or signs that are easily recognizable
User may be able to guess how to use it, but needs background knowledge in order to be successful
User must have training or specific information in order to operate.
Ex: Printer icon, other visual aids
Ex: User may need to read a user’s manual prior to trying to operate
Ex: copier, computer, other electronic devices.
CATEGORIES Augmentative and alternative communication Adapted computer access Devices to assist listening and seeing Environmental control Adapted play and recreation Seating and positioning Mobility and powered by mobility Prosthetics Rehabilitation robotics Integration of technology into the home, school, community, and place of
employment
STEPS TO SELECTING ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY Assembling the Team Assessing Skills and Needs Training Evaluation Supporting student use Responsibility for Providing Assistive Technology
STEP 1: THE TEAM
STEP 2: ASSESSING SKILLS AND NEEDS
Ecological Practical OngoingClassrooms, library/media services, labs, workrooms, gymnasiums, home, public libraries, field trip sites, extracurricular sites, after school clubs, sports
Opportunities to use and evaluate devices before purchasing
Assessments to ensure proper AT and AT services are still valid
STEP 3: TRAINING Reduce issues with underuse, misuse, and abandonment Lack of training is a major barrier in implementation into the
classroom.
STEP 4: EVALUATION
First: soon after delivery of the device(within the first month)
Every 2-3 months in the first yearBefore each IEP meeting
STEP 6: WHO PROVIDES? WHO CAN FUND?Under FAPE, school districts are required to consider AT during every IEP, and they must provide and pay for AT if it is deemed necessary
Who can fund? Local education agencies, Medicaid, Medicare, Vocational rehabilitation, Private insurance, state resources, foundations and community organizations
AT FOR SPOKEN COMMUNICATION
AT FOR WRITTEN COMMUNICATION
AT FOR READING
AT FOR MATHEMATICS