Spanish I

CHAPTER 8 REVIEW

CULTURA Florida

• Capital: Tallahassee

• One of the largest exporters of citrus fruits. The first oranges

arrived with Spanish explorers in the 16th century.

• Named by Juan Ponce de León, a Spanish explorer, when he

arrived on the coast in 1513.

CULTURA- FLORIDA

• Miami: Miami is found on the Atlantic coast and is home to

many Spanish-speakers.

• La Pequeña Habana: (Little Havana) is the Cuban district in

Miami.

• St. Augustine: founded in 1565. St. Augustine represents the

oldest European settlement in the United States. It was

founded 42 years before Jamestown, Virginia. The architecture

of the city is also a reminder of the arrival of the Spaniards

during the colonial era.

• Tampa: home to el Círculo Cubano (the Cuban Circle) which

was founded in 1899 by Cuban immigrants. The building was

constructed in 1917 and is an example of neo-classical style.

PLACES TO KNOW:

• Los Cayos de Florida: (The Florida Keys) are connected by

42 bridges.

• Cape Canaveral: Home to the Kennedy Space Center and

Merritt Island Wildlife Refuge.

• El Parque de los Everglades: One of the most unique places

in the world because it is home to both alligators & crocodiles.

• Beaches: Many Florideans spend their free time on the

beaches in their state.

• Look at the map on your Geo-Cultura worksheet as an

example for the Map that will be on your test.

PLACES TO KNOW:

• Floribbean or Floribeño- A mix of Caribbean and Floridian

flavors. Common ingredients are plaintains, yuca, fine herbs,

spices, seafood, and tropical fruits such as mango.

• Croquetas & Empanadas- Cuban finger foods that are sold

throughout Miami.

• Flan- Cuban flan is a typical dessert sold in Little Havana.

FOOD

• Baila USA- 4 days of celebrations that celebrate the

traditional artisans of the Latin community.

• El Carnaval de Miami- This is the closing of the Calle Ocho

Festival in little Havana that celebrates the Hispanic culture in

the city.

CELEBRATIONS

• Spanish speakers in the United States have a major influence. These individuals spend more on food, clothing, telephone services, electronics, personal care products, public transportation, housing, and cleaning supplies. In areas that are heavily populated by Spanish speakers, many products are advertised in Spanish and English.

• Many Spanish speaking countries have open-air markets instead of malls or department stores. Customers are expected to bargain with venders.

• Guayaberas are embroidered, short-sleeved cotton or linen shirts that are often worn in Florida. These shirts originated in Cuba over 200 years ago and were made popular by Ramon Puig who makes custom-made Guayabera shirts for celebrities.

• Talla is the Spanish word for size when referring to clothing and Número is the Spanish word for size when referring to shoes.

PRODUCTS

GRAMMAR

COSTAR & NUMBERS 1-1MILLION

• The verb costar means to cost. You will only use the 3rd person singular (cuesta) and 3rd person plural (cuestan) form of the verb to tell how much something costs.

• When counting, numbers 1-29 are 1 word. Example: 16- dieciséis, 26-veitiseis…

• After the number 30, you add the final number to the first number using “y”. Example: 31- treinta y uno

• When counting, the number “uno” at the end of a word changes to “un” before masculine nouns and “una” before feminine nouns.

• The numbers 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, and 900 will agree also with gender of the nouns the modify. Example: doscientos escritorios and doscientas faldas. The numbers cien(to) and mil do not have a separate feminine and masculine form.

• The number un millón changes to millones in the plural form. Also, the word de is used after millón or millones when it is followed by a noun.

COSTAR & NUMBERS 1-1MILLION

DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES &

COMPARISONS

• Adjectives used to point things out are called demonstrative

adjectives. Demonstrative objects have a masculine and

feminine form and must match the object they are modifying.

DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES &

COMPARISONS

Masculine Feminine

This Este Esta

These Estos Estas

That Ese Esa

Those Esos Esas

• Use the following expressions to compare things.

REMEMBER that the adjective must agree in gender and

number with the object it is describing.

• Más ___ que- More ___ than

• Menos ___ que- Less ___ than

• Tan ___ como- As ___ as

• These adjectives have irregular comparative forms.

• Bueno(a)(s)- good/ Mejor(es)- Better

• Malo(a)(s)- bad/ Peor(es)- Worse

• Viejo(a)(s)- Old/ Mayor(es)- Older

• Joven(es)- Young/ Menor(es)- Younger

DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES &

COMPARISONS

THE VERBS QUEDAR & PARECER

• The verb Quedar is used ot say how something fits someone or how it looks on someone.

• The conjugations of the verb is just like the conjugation of the verb Gustar (see following slide). Queda is used when talking about one thing and Quedan is used when talking about more than one thing.

• The adjectives grande (big), pequeño (small), as well as the adverbs bien (well) and mal (badly) are often used with the verb Quedar. Remember that all adjectives must agree in number and gender with the object they are describing but that adverbs do not change.

THE VERBS QUEDAR & PARECER

THE VERB QUEDAR

Singular (object) Plural (object)

It fits me A mí Me queda A mí Me quedan

It fits you (tú) A ti Te queda A ti Te quedan

It fits you (usted) A usted Le queda A usted Le quedan

It fits him A él Le queda A él Le quedan

It fits her A ella Le queda A ella Le quedan

It fits us A Nosotros Nos queda A Nosotros Nos quedan

It fits you (vosotros) A Vosotros Os queda A Vosotros Os quedan

It fits you (ustedes) A Ustedes Les queda A Ustedes Les quedan

It fits them A Ellos Les queda A Ellos Les quedan

• The verb Parecer is used to say how something seems to

someone.

• The conjugations of the verb is just like the conjugation of the

verb Gustar (see following slide). Parece is used when talking

about one thing and Parecen is used when talking about more

than one thing.

• Remember that all adjectives must agree in number and gender

with the object they are describing but that adverbs do not

change.

THE VERBS QUEDAR & PARECER

THE VERB PARECER

Singular (object) Plural (object)

It seems to me A mí Me parece A mí Me parecen

It seems to you (tú) A ti Te parece A ti Te parecen

It seems to you (usted) A usted Le parece A usted Le parecen

It seems to him A él Le parece A él Le parecen

It seems to her A ella Le parece A ella Le parecen

It seems to us A Nosotros Nos parece A Nosotros Nos parecen

It seems to you (vosotros) A Vosotros Os parece A Vosotros Os parecen

It seems to you (ustedes) A Ustedes Les parece A Ustedes Les parecen

It seems to them A Ellos Les parece A Ellos Les parecen

• Preterit Tense is used to talk about actions that happened in

the past at a specific time in the past.

• Common words that are often associated with Preterit Tense

are: Anoche (last night), ayer (yesterday), anterayer (the day

before yesterday), el {día, mes} pasado (Last {day, month}),

• To form, drop the –ar, -er, or –ir of the verb and add the

Preterit ending the at matches the subject. (See the following

slide for endings).

PRETERIT TENSE

PRETERIT TENSE ENDINGS

Subject Ending Subject Ending

Yo -é Nosotros(as) -amos

Tú -aste Vosotros(as) -asteis

Usted -ó Ustedes -aron

Él -ó Ellos(as) -aron

Ella -ó

• -AR verbs do NOT stem-change in Preterit Tense. ONLY –IR

ending verbs stem-change.

• Reflexive Verbs in Preterit Tense will still use the Reflexive

Pronouns (me/te/se/nos/os/se) before the Preterit

conjugation of the verb.

PRETERIT TENSE

PRETERIT CONJUGATION

OF THE VERB IR- TO GO

I went Yo fui We went Nosotros(as) fuimos

You went Tú fuiste You went Vosotros(as) fuisteis

You went Usted fue You went Ustedes fueron

He went Él fue They went Ellos(as) fueron

She went Ella fue

VOCABULARIO

• Review your vocabulary for your Chapter 8-Part I and Chapter

8-Part II Vocabulary tests.

• Also review your ¡Exprésate! boxes on pages 273, 275, 285,

and 287

VOCABULARIO