What organisms require Energy Water Living space Other
materials
Slide 3
Characteristics of life Grows and develop Respond to the
environment Reproduce Organization
Slide 4
Multicellular organisms Plants and animals All have organ
systems
Slide 5
Tissues All the cells that are the same belong in a group of
tissues A tissue is a group of cells working together to perform a
particular function Provide protection Nerve tissues carry signals
Muscle tissues provide movement
Slide 6
Organs 2 or more types of tissues working together to carry out
a function Brain Lungs Heart
Slide 7
Organ Systems Group of organs working together to perform a
function Circulatory system-the heart pumps blood through blood
vessels. The blood transports nutrients to the rest of the body and
carries wastes
Slide 8
Digestive System Mouth- esophagus- stomach- small intestine and
large intestine Pancreas, liver and gall bladder release chemicals
necessary for digestion A failure in acids (enzymes, amino acids)
in the stomachs may back up causing pain in the esophagus
Slide 9
Organs and organ systems adjust to the environment Through a
Stimulus
Slide 10
STIMULUS A response Example: when you hear a loud noise you
jump
Slide 11
Plant Stimuli Many plants move their leaves during the day in
response to changes in light These leaf movements are caused by
changes in the cells of the joints where the lead meets the stem
(This happens because of hormones or chemical messenger auxin)
Slide 12
Plant stimulus Venus Fly Trap uses the stimulus of touch. It
eats flies to get nutrients
Slide 13
Animals respond to stimuli They change colors and patterns of
their skin Chameleons-respond to mood temperature and light because
of specialized cells in the skin
Slide 14
Animals respond to Stimuli Winter cold reduces food so animals
Hibernate. They slow down and use less energy. Raccoons, skunks
chipmunks and hedgehogs all hibernate. Bears hibernate. Their heart
beats drops from 40-50 beats to 8 beats. They may hibernate for 100
days.
Slide 15
Cells- tissues- organs and organ systems make up an organ
system
Slide 16
Plants
Slide 17
Grass, wildflowers, vegetables, bushes, vines, trees, water
lilies and cacti
Dermal Tissue For protection and exchange Protects underlying
tissue from injury or drying out. Waxy coating protects the plant
from giving off too much water Stomata are openings in the dermal
tissue that control the plants exchange of water, vapor, oxygen and
carbon dioxide with the atmosphere
Slide 20
Vascular Tissue For support and transport Xylem and phloem
Xylem transports water and dissolved nutrients from roots up to the
stem and the leaves Phloem carries energy rich sugars and
carbohydrates down a stem and to the roots Xylem is long and hollow
pipes Phloem contains specialized cells to help transport sugars
form the leaves when they are produced to the rest of the
plant
Slide 21
Ground Tissue For Photosynthesis storage and support Ground
tissue makes up most of the plant 3 main functions Cells in ground
tissues contains most of the chloroplasts in the plant. Therefore
most of the photosynthesis takes place in the ground tissue Some
ground tissue cells are specialized for storing sugars and
starches. The tissue is found in the stems, roots, fruits and seeds
Another type of ground cell provides support to the plant
Slide 22
Plant Organs Roots Stems leaves
Slide 23
Plant Organ Systems Root System Anchors a plant and allows the
exchange of materials with a soil Stores excess sugars from
photosynthesis in starch Beets, Turnips, and carrots are all
explains of root storage systems
Slide 24
Plant Organ System Shoot System Stems and leaves Stems provide
support for plants above ground Leaves are the organs for
photosynthesis
Slide 25
Dont Kill the trees Trees can be hurt by natural and human
causes A wound can become and entry place for viruses, fungi and
insects House plants can out grow their place and their roots can
become crowded, so they will not absorb enough water and
nutrients
Slide 26
Plants have to adapt Modified Stems Modified Roots Modified
Leaves Tendril
Slide 27
Animals
Slide 28
Animals are multicellular organisms Specialized cells are
organs into tissues organs and systems
Slide 29
Animal Tissue 4 Types of Tissues Epithelial Nerve Muscle
Connective Sponges have specialized cells but no tissues Jellyfish
have tissues but no organs
Slide 30
Epithelial Tissue Covers the outside of animals skin Provides
Protections and allows for absorption and secretions Also covers
the surface of internal cavities
Slide 31
Epithelial Tissue The mouth, esophagus and stomach are lined
with epithelial tissue Lungs are lined with epithelial tissue that
allows for exchange of gases
Slide 32
Nerve Tissue Transmits or sends electrical impulses from one
part of the body to another Sends impulses to the brain to respond
to stimuli
Slide 33
Nerve Tissues 2 types of Nerve Tissues Neurons- Cells that
conduct nerve impulses Glial- cells do not conduct nerve impulses.
They provide support, nourishment and protection for neurons.
Slide 34
Muscle Tissue Movement 2 Types Voluntary- Muscle that moves
when animals direct them to Involuntary- muscles that manage move
movement of internal organs.
Slide 35
Connective Tissues Joins body parts together providing
protection and support Tendon and ligaments are connective tissues
that bind tissues together. Tendons connect the muscles to bones
and cartilage of the internal skeleton Ligaments connect bones and
cartilage together creating a unified structure
Slide 36
Connective Tissues Fat and Blood Fat protects gives us energy
and insulates the body Blood delivers oxygen, food molecules and
other nutrients and removes wastes such as carbon dioxide
Slide 37
Animals Adapt to the Environment through the help of tissues
Eyes Skin Skeletal system
Slide 38
Eyes Eyes are organs that respond to light Compound eyes adapt
to, and respond to motion
Slide 39
Skin Skin is a large organ Mammals and birds have feathers and
fish have scales Skin provides protection, support and regulates
body temperature
Slide 40
Skeletal System Vertebrates- Endoskeleton-this is connective
tissues, bone and cartilage, ligaments and tendons Invertebrates-
Exoskeleton- this is a strong but flexible out covering that
supports and protects animals. When animals grow they shed the
exoskeleton
Slide 41
Respiratory System
Slide 42
Circulatory System
Slide 43
Skeletal System
Slide 44
Lymphatic System
Slide 45
Endocrine System
Slide 46
Digestive System
Slide 47
Nervous System
Slide 48
Muscular System
Slide 49
Integumentary System
Slide 50
Urinary System
Slide 51
Reproductive System
Slide 52
New words Equilibrium---equal Homeostasis ---stable
Concentration---concentrate What you need to know: The ability of
the body to maintain internal conditions within normal ranges is
homeostasis
Slide 53
Body Temperature The bodys normal temperature is 98-99 F (37 C)
Integumentary, circulatory, muscular, respiratory and nervous
systems are all responsible for maintaining body temperature The
evaporation of sweat from you skin helps to cool your body
Slide 54
Ion Concentration Kidneys help to keep the volume of water in
your body constant Concentration refers to the amount of one
substance that is dissolved in another Less water : high level of
concentration of substances More water: low level of concentration
of substances Ion is atom of an element that has gained or lost one
or more electrons
Slide 55
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Concentrations Respiratory and
Circulatory systems maintain the balance of oxygen and carbon
dioxide concentration in the blood
Slide 56
Other Nutrients The Liver: part of the digestive system The
liver maintains HOMESOTSTASIS. It filters, stores and releases
materials as needed Pancreas: part of the Digestive and Endocrine
systems The pancreas releases insulin after a meal to remove the
glucose form the blood. When you exercise or between meals the
pancreas releases glycogen which signals the liver to restore
glucoses back
Slide 57
The Endocrine System Releases hormones that are transported
throughout the body Hormones are chemicals that are made in one
organ, travel though the blood and produce an effect in targeted
cells Targeted cells have special structures called receptors that
allow them to respond to a chemical messenger Hormones Insulin
glucagon adrenaline
Slide 58
Hormones and Glands Glands are structures of the Endocrine
system that are specialized tissues Many glands produce hormones
and release them into the circulatory system P. 298-299
Slide 59
Homeostasis can be disrupted :/ Dehydration Hypothermia
Diabetes
