CHAPTER 9SECTION 3

Expansion in Texas

Americans Settle in the Southwest

The Impact of Mexican Independence Mexico gains independence from Spain in 1821 Trade between US and Mexico multiplies

Northern Provinces rich in cattle trade and hided for commercial products from the US

With independence Mexico is finding it difficult to control its large territory and neglects its northern provinces of: New Mexico, California, Texas, Arizona, Nevada, and Utah

Americans Settle in the Southwest

Mexico invites U.S. Settlers To help protect Mexico from attacks the Mexican gov’t

invites US settlers to come to Texas Mexican gov’t give huge land grants to empresarios,

who in-turn sell cheap land to Americans Americans must pledge loyalty to Mexican laws and

practice Catholicism Americans rushed to Texas; soon the number of Anglo

(English Speaking) people out-numbered the Mexican settlers

Texas Fights for Independence

“Come to Texas” As Anglo population continued to grow increased

tensions arose Most of the settlers spoke English not Spanish, were

Protestant not Catholic, and had slaves Mexico abolished slavery in 1824

1830 Mexico closed its borders and placed a high tax on American goods However; American population in Mexico doubled from

1830-1834

Texas Fights for its Independence

“Remember the Alamo” Stephen Austin an important emprisario urged the

Mexican president to allow more self-governing for Texas

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna (president) responded by sending 4,000 troops into Texas

Austin urged Texans to arm themselves 1835 Texans were able to drive the Mexicans out of

the Alamo, and old mission and fort Santa Anna responded by destroying the 187

American men at the Alamo including Jim Bowie and Davy Crockett

Texas Fights for Independence

Lone Star Republic Six weeks after the Alamo the Texans struck back Led my Sam Houston the Texans killed 630 of Santa

Anna’s men in 18 minutes Shouts of “Remember the Alamo” provided the men

with courage and inspiration Houston captured Santa Anna and forced him to sign

the Treaty of Velasco Gave Texas its independence

1836 Sam Houston became the president of the Republic of Texas or the “Lone Star Republic”

Texas Fights for Independence

Texas Joins the Union 1838 Sam Houston invited the US to annex Texas and

incorporate it into the Union US opinion was split by region

Northern states feared admission of another slave state; and that it would bring war with Mexico

Southern states wanted to annex asap! 1845 Texas became the 28th in the Union and the

Mexican gov’t was furious……