CHAPTER FIFTEEN

• 1. Born in Mass. (John Adams 2nd president/father)• 2. Very smart, young boy! Lived in Europe, schooled

in Paris, kept a diary of his life. Attended Harvard when he was 17.

• 3.Senator for five years• 4. Secretary of State under Monroe• 5. House of Rep had to determine his presidency• 6. He was disappointed that the public had not

chosen him outright• 7. He tried to run again for a second term but was

defeated by Andrew Jackson• 8. deeply in debt after his presidency• 9. Worked in the House 16yrs after his term (opposed

slavery)

MISSOURI COMPROMISE

• People in Missouri wanted slavery. At this time, U.S. was evenly split. 11 free and 11 slave. A new state would TILT that balance of power in Congress.

* Henry Clay makes a compromise! Maine comes in free and Missouri will become slave state.

• 1. Fresh democratic spirit

• 2. Jacksonian democracy: this idea that the “betters” shouldn’t be the only one running the country

• 3. Signaled new thinking! Many people thought themselves as no longer having betters

Indian Removal Act of 1830

• It called for all Indians east of the Mississippi to move to public lands west of the Mississippi.

• The area had less rain and fewer trees than Southeast and seen by many as worthless. Only one person voted against this act. DAVY CROCKETT

TWO CHOICES Andrew Jackson offered each Cherokee after the

War of 1812.

• 1. MOVE WEST OF THE MISSISSIPPI

• 2. SETTLE DOWN ON 640 ACRES OF LAND

sequoyah

CREATED ALPHABET, NEWSPAPER AND BIBLE! CHEROKEE INDIANS WENT ON TO CREATE THEIR OWN CONSTITUTION!

WHY DID WE NOT ACCEPT THE NATIVE AMERICANS?

• That no matter what they did, they would not win the respect of white society.

• It did not matter how the Indians behaved or what they accomplished, most white people still considered them inferior simply because they were Indians.

• Furthermore, white people wanted their land, no matter what.

Chief Justice Marshalls ruling

• In 1832, ruled in favor of the Cherokees. He declared that Georgia had no right to force the Cherokees to relocate, or move.

• PRESIDENT JACKSON DECIDED TO IGNORE THIS RULING!!!!

• NEVER BEFORE HAS A PRESIDENT TRIED TO DEFY A SUPREME COURT RULING!

• SOME GAVE UP AND MOVED WEST TO (OKLAHOMA)

• MOST REMAINED IN GEORGIA

• THEIR LEADER JOHN ROSS TRIED TO FIND A COMPROMISE UNSUCCESSFULLY!

What did the Cherokee Indians do?

WHAT DID WE DO TO THEM?

• 1838, federal troops commanded by General Winfield Scott began to relocate some 15,000 remaining Cherokee.

TRAIL OF TEARS

• From the stockades the troops moved the men, women and children west.

• Forced to march in the cold and rain of winter, they grew sick.

• Others starved. Sick and dying penned up in wagons or stretched upon the ground. Nearly one quarter of the Cherokee Indians on the trial perished.

WHAT DO I DO NOW?

• 1. Open book to page 365

• 2. Open binder to I can statements Chapter 15 (1-21)

• 3. Complete I can statements to the best of your ability!

• CHANGE THE WORD MAJORITY TO POPULAR IN QUESTION NUMBER 3!

• 4. How much does Freedom cost?

» SENATOR ROBERT Y. HAYNE• 1. He backed the West for the call for generous land

policy.• 2. He argued that is was the abuse of federal power to

cut off land sales• 3. Each state had the right to make its own decisions• 4. Rights of the states came before the unity of the

nation. • A state could nullify any federal law it judged to be unfair

» DANIEL WEBSTER• 1. Laws made by Congress did not need the approval

of each state• 2. The laws represented the will of the people as a

whole.• 3. He demanded Liberty to the union now and forever!

• He ordered all government money withdrawn from the bank.

• These funds were they deposited in state banks that became known as pet banks.

• The pet bank began to offer credit on easier terms.

• The pet banks also printed more money• Each dollar bill was supposed to be worth a

certain amount of gold and silver held by the bank.

• People could exchange their paper money for gold or silver.

• Yet the banks printed much more money than they could back with silver and gold

• Born: 5 December 1782 Birthplace: Kinderhook, New York Only about 5 feet, 6 inches tallOf Dutch descent, he was born in 1782,

the son of a tavern keeper and farmer, in Kinderhook, New York. As a young lawyer he became involved in New York politics

• In 1827 President Jackson rewarded Van Buren by appointing him Secretary of State appointing him Minister to Great Britain

• The "Little Magician" was elected Vice President on the Jacksonian ticket in 1832, and won the Presidency in 1836

• He was a widower with four sons when he moved into the White House...

• He was also called "Old Kinderhook" after his hometown, and that nickname is supposed to have given rise to the term "OK"...

• Washington Irving wrote most of "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" while staying at Van Buren's home Lindenwald in Kinderhook

• Born: 9 February 1773

• Birthplace: Charles City County, Virginia

• Died: 4 April 1841 (pneumonia)

• Best Known As: President of the United States, March-April, 1841

• 9th president of the United States (1841), born at “Berkeley, ” his family's plantation on the James River in Virginia

• William Henry Harrison had the shortest term in office of any American president: 32 days.

• Harrison was the son of Benjamin Harrison, a signer of the Declaration of Independence.

• William made a name for himself in the early Indian Wars and was rewarded with the governorship of the Indiana Territories, where he served from 1800-1812.

• He is most famous for his victory over the Shawnee chief Tecumseh at the battle at Tippecanoe Creek (November 7, 1811).

• The incident earned Harrison the nickname "Old Tippecanoe." • After serving in the House and the Senate, Harrison retired and

settled with his wife Anna at their farm in North Bend, Ohio. • The Whigs drafted him for the presidency and he won the election of

1840. • Harrison, 68 years old and not in the best health, gave a 100-minute

inaugural speech in the snow without hat or overcoat, caught pneumonia, and died a month later.

• He was succeeded by his vice president, John Tyler. • Harrison's grandson Benjamin Harrison became the 23rd president of

the United States in 1889, 48 years after Harrison took office.

• Born: 29 March 1790 • Birthplace: Greenway, Virginia • Died: 18 January 1862 • Best Known As: President of the United States, 1841-1845 • 10th president of the United States (1841-1845). Born in Greenway,

Virginia, in 1790, Tyler practiced law before entering politics

• member of the U.S. House of Representatives• governor of Virginia and a member of the Senate before being tapped

by the Whigs to be William Henry Harrison's running mate in 1840. • The Whigs had chosen Tyler not for his policies, but to draw support

from the south. • A month into his term, Harrison died and Tyler was president. • Tyler established the precedent that the vice president succeeded to

the powers and honors of the office as if he had been elected in his own right.

• By the end of his term, neither the Whigs nor the Democrats supported him, and he chose not to run for re-election.

• He was succeeded by Democrat James K. Polk. • At the time of his death, Tyler was a member of the Confederate

Congress, in revolt against the United States

WHAT DO I DO NOW?

• 1. Open book to p. 374

• Open binder to I can statements (23-42)

• IF YOU NEVER FINISHED THURSDAY NIGHTS HOMEWORK YOU MUST FINISH 1-21 YOU START TODAYS!

• NEATNESS COUNTS!

• TIME IS PASSING! ARE YOU?