CHAPTER IV

E-LEARNING

I. READING COMPREHENSION

A. Pre-Reading Activity

Answer the Questions before you read the text below!

1. What are the good effects of internet?

2. What are the bad effects of internet?

What do people use the internet? Complete the following activities with words

from the box.

Keeping researching shopping booking

Buying doing using getting

1. …………… airline tickets

2. …………… books and CDs

3. ……………. For food

4. ……………. Chat rooms

5. ……………. In touch with family and friends

6. ……………. News and sport result

7. ……………. A project

8. ……………. A course

B. Reading Activity

Read the text and answer the questions!

You have heard a lot in praise of the Internet. A lot of good things have been

said about the Internet. It allows people over the world to communicate easily and it

provides you with all kinds of information. As you are interested, you would like to

start to be involved in it, but you do not know how to start.

The first thing you need is a computer. Those with Pentium processors

would be nice, but a 486 is enough. An IBM compatible or a Macintosh will do, but

it must be equipped with a modern. The higher the modem speed, the better. The

minimum is 14.4 Kbps (kilobytes per second).

You need a telephone line. If you don’t have one at home, you might be able

to use the one at the office (naturally with the permission of your boss). This will be

your connection to cyberspace.

After you have all of the equipment, you need to contact an Internet Service

Provider (ISP). Since 1994, the government has issued business licenses for 40 ISPs

in Indonesia. Some of them, like the ones operated by IPTEK-NET and the Institute

of Technology Bandung, are not for commercial use.

Most of the ISPs operate in Jakarta, but some offer services in several other

cities. PT Pos Indonesia, the state company which runs mail offices nationwide,

provides services in 31 cities in the provinces. If you can’t find an ISP in your town,

this does not necessarily mean that you can’t get connected to the Internet. You will

still be able to venture into Cyberspace, but you will have to pay more for the phone

bills. This depends not only on how long you use the phone, but also how far the

closest ISP office is from your place.

1. What do you need if you want to connect to the internet?

2. What is the topic of the paragraph five?

3. “This will be your connection to Cyberspace” The underlined word

means………..

4. Why is the internet much praised?

II. VOCABULARY

Complete the article below!

Responsible advance rapid forerunner

Lack correspondence initiative numerical

Assignment rather than

In the late sixties when ……………(1) was sent via ‘snail mail’ …………….(2) e-

mail and no one had heard yet of a web site, Jonathan Bruce Postel, was working in a

project develop an ………………(3)network. This became the …………………(4)

of the internet. Mr. Postel served as director of the internet Assigned Numbers

Authority, which was …………….(5) for allocating ……………..(6) addresses IP-

numbers, Internet Protocol numbers, and turning those into simple written addresses,

for instance, www.thejakartapost.com. The …………..(7) growth of the internet in

the nineties of the last century made people worry about the ……………..(8) of

regulation. The ……….(9) of names and numbers is now overseen by an

international nonprofit organization, an …………..(10) that Mr. Postel submitted

shortly before his death in 1998, aged 55.

III. GRAMMAR FOCUS

Passive sentence means if something is done to the subject, the verb is in the passive voice.

We make passive verb forms with the verb TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE

To be includes: am, is, are, was, were, be, and been.

The uses of Passive

o To focus on something that happens to someone rather than the person who does the action.Over 36% of Guatemalan workers are employed in the agricultural sector.

o To talk about systems and processesMany of the world’s diamond are mined in South Africa. The stones are sent to Amsterdam, where they are sold to international dealers. The stone are cut in Antwerp, and they are then sold on to jewelers.

o To have business correspondence, because it is less personal.Compare:

Peter Jason, who opens our post at this branch, received your letter yesterday. He has forwarded it to Head Office. (Active)

Thank you for your letter which was received at this branch yesterday. It has been forwarded to Head Office, as complaints are dealt with there. (Passive)

o To describe changesThe factory is completely different. The whole place has been modernized and computerized, and a lot of people have been made redundant.

o To have scientific writing or lab reports. The new species of dinosaurs, one a quick-moving meet-eater and the other a giant-plant-eater, have been discovered in Antarctica. The 70 million years old fossil of the carnivore would have rested for millenniums at the bottom of the Antarctica sea, while the remains of the 30 meters long plant-eater were found in the top of mountain.

The examples below show how to form the passive with other tenses

TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE

SIMPLE PRESENT

Jim plays a toy. A toy is played by Jim.

SIMPLE PAST

Jim played a toy. A toy was played by Jim.

SIMPLE FUTURE

Jim will play a toy. A toy will be played by Jim.

PRESENT CONTINOUS

Jim is playing a toy. A toy is being played by Jim.

PAST CONTINOUS

Jim was playing a toy. A toy was being played by Jim.

BE GOING TO

Jim is going to play a toy. A toy is going to be played by Jim.

PRESENT

PERFECT

Jim has played a toy. A toy has been played by Jim.

PAST PERFECT Jim had played a toy. A toy had been played by Jim.

FUTURE PERFECT

Jim will have played a toy. A toy will have been played by Jim.

MODAL Jim may play a toy. A toy may be played by Jim.

Exercises !

Change these active sentences into the passive!

1. Somebody made this toy in Japan

2. Bill will invite Ann to the party

3. Alex is preparing that report

4. Shirley has suggested a new idea.

5. Two horses were pulling the farmer’s wagon.

D. Supply the stative passive of the given verbs. Use the Simple Present or the

Simple Past

1. It is hot is this room because the window (close) is closed

2. Yesterday it was hot in this room because the window ………(close)

3. We can leave now because class ………….(finish)

4. The light in this room ………….(turn) on.

5. This room ………..(crowd, not)

6. Water …………….(compose) hydrogen and oxygen

7. Where’s my wallet? It ……………(go)! Did you take it?

8. Hmmmm. My dress …………(tear). I wonder how that happened.

IV. FOLLOW UP

Write an article talking about face book or tweeter! (minimum consists of 150 words)