Chapter - 1

Plan in Outline

PART I : Overview of State Economy

Planned economic development began in India with the First Five Year plan in 1951 and in the last fifty-seven years, the country has witnessed many ups and downs in the economy. The country's economy is in a much stronger position now than it was a few years ago. Average growth rate of the country slowed down to 5.6 percent in the ninth Plan period (1997-98 to 2001-02), but since than it has accelerated significantly. The overall growth rate during the tenth plan was 7.7 percent, the highest ever achieved. This performance reflects the strength of our economy and the dynamism of the private sector in many areas.

2. The economy of UP showed vibrancy during the fifth, sixth and seventh five-year plan periods. The state's economy started slowing down during the eighth and ninth five-year plan periods. The growth momentum however picked up during the Xth plan. The average growth rate for the Xth plan period was 5%, which is still below the growth rate achieved by the country during this period. But it is much higher than the 2% growth rate achieved during the IXth plan period. In recent years, a rising trend has been noticed in the state's economy. The present status of the state with respect to important indicators is shown in Table-1.

Table-1: U.P. At a GlanceIndicators Year Status

1 Annual growth rate of population (%) 2001 2.32 Decadal growth rate of population (%) 1991-01 25.853 Sex ratio (age group 0-6) 2001 9164 Death Rate (per '000) (SRS 'oct07) 2006 8.65 Birth Rate (per '000) (SRS 'oct07) 2006 30.16 Infant Mortality rate (per '000) (SRS 'oct07) 2006 717 Life Expectancy at Birth 2001 63.88 Literacy Rate (%) 2001 56.39 Literacy Rate(Male) (%) 2001 68.810 Literacy Rate(Female) (%) 2001 42.211 Percentage of electrified populated village to total populated villages 2006-07 85.3212 Per capita power consumption (kwh) 2006-07 180.413 Length of pucca road per lakh of population( km) 2005-06 88.8514 Length of pucca road per 100 sq km ( km) 2005-06 67.0715 Total food grain production ('lakh tones) 2005-06 41116 Average production of food grains ( kg / hect) 2005-06 2054

Indicators Year Status17 Percentage of forest area of total reported area 2004-05 7.018 Share of U.P. in India's GDP (%) 2006-07(Q) 8.319 Growth rate of GSDP (%) 2006-07(Q) 7.520 Growth rate of primary sector (%) 2006-07(Q) 5.421 Growth rate of secondary sector (%) 2006-07(Q) 10.022 Growth rate of tertiary sector (%) 2006-07(Q) 7.523 Per capita net domestic product at current prices (at 1999-00 base) (Rs) 2006-07(Q) 1468524 Growth rate of per capita income(%) 2006-07(Q) 5.525 Percentage gap in per capita income of UP and India 2006-07(Q) 50.5

3. The 11th Plan provides us an opportunity to restructure our policies and strategy to achieve faster, more broad-based and inclusive growth and focus on bridging the various divides that continue to fragment our society. It's aim is to put the country's economy on a sustainable growth strategy with a targeted growth rate of 10 percent by the end of plan period.

4. The highest growth rate ever achieved in UP was in sixth plan (8.7 percent). Close look at the past statistics reveal that in 1951 the gap between the country as a whole and the state in various development indicators was much less than what it is today.

Demographical Trends In the year, 1951 Population Density (Population Per Sq K.m) was 215 for Uttar Pradesh while

the all India status was 117. In the year 2001, the population density of UP and India became 689 and 324 respectively.

The Annual Growth Rate was 1.1 percent and 1.3 percent in 1951 for Uttar Pradesh and India respectively. The growth rate grew to 2.3 percent and 1.9 percent for Uttar Pradesh and India in the Year 2001.

In the year 1951, the sex ratio for U.P. and India was 910 and 946 whereas in 2001 it became 898 and 933, respectively. However in the age group 0-6, sex ratio for UP and India as per census 2001 are 916 and 927 respectively.

The death rate in U.P. is 8.6 per thousand whereas the corresponding figure for India is 7.5 per thousand for the year 2006.In the year 1951, it was 24.9 and 27.4 for U.P. and India respectively.

Infant mortality rate for India is 57 per thousand while for U.P. it is 71 per thousand (for the year 2006). In the year 1951 it was 127 and 130 for UP and India respectively.

The birth rate in the year 2006 for the state is 30.1 per thousand where as the national figure is 23.5 per thousand. In the year 1951, the statistics showed that the birth rate was 41.5 (UP) and 39.9 (India) per thousand.

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State income

5. The per capita income of U.P. at current prices was Rs.259 in 1950-51 where as the national figure was Rs.267. The nations per capita income went up to Rs.29642 in the year 2006-07(Q) where as the per capita income of U.P. stood at Rs.14685 in 2006-07(Q).

Poverty

6. According to the poverty estimates of the Planning Commission, Govt. of India for 2004-05, the percentage of people living below poverty line in rural UP were 33.4 percent and in urban UP 30.6 percent.

7. According to NSS 61st round (2004-05) the percentage of persons living below poverty line in U.P. was 25.5 percent (using Mixed Recall Period) and 32.8 percent (using Uniform Recall Period). The all India figures for the same are 21.8 percent (MRP) and 27.5 percent (URP) respectively.

Agriculture

8. The total food grain production ('000 m tonne) in the year 1951 for the state was 117.75, while for All India it was 508.25. In the year 2005-06, the total food grain production became 411.00('000 m tonne) and 2086.00('000 m tonne) for the UP and India.

9. The average productivity of food grain for Uttar Pradesh in 1951 was 689 kg/hect while for India it was 522 kg/hect. The average productivity rose to 2054 kg/hect (2005-06) and 1715 kg/hect (2004-05) for UP and India respectively.

Education Literacy rate for the state is 56.3 percent while the national figure is 64.8 percent as per the

census 2001.

Number of junior basic schools over the years has improved considerably in the state. In the year 1951, it was 50.6 schools per lakh of population in UP while it was 58.1 for the country. In year, 2005-06 the position is 71 schools per lakh of population in UP present and it is 70 schools per lakh of population for the country in 2004-05.

Number of senior basic schools over the years too has witnessed a marked change. In the year 1951, 4.5 schools per lakh of population were present in UP while for the country it was 3.8. In the year, 2005-06 in UP it is 21 schools per lakh of population and for the country it is 25 schools per lakh of population in 2004-05.

Number of higher secondary schools over the years has shown remarkable change. In the year 1951, 1.6 schools per lakh of population were present in UP while for the country it was 2.0 schools. In the year, 2005-06 in UP it is 7 schools per lakh of population while the country had 14 schools per lakh of population in 2004-05.

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Teacher / Student ratio in junior basic schools in UP for the year 1951 was 39, while for all India it was 33. In the year 2005-06, the ratio became 88 in UP and 46 (2004-05) respectively for UP and the country.

Teacher / Student ratio in senior basic schools in UP as well as for India for the year 1951 was 24. In the year 2005-06, the ratio became 95 for UP while for the country it was 35 (2004-05).

10. It is clear that with more infrastructural facilities and improvement in various socio-economic factors, the state has also moved on the development path along with the nation but the overall developmental scenario of U.P. is not at par with the nation.

11. The state is still lagging behind in many spheres and a lot more effort will be required to bridge the gap. It is therefore necessary to identify thrust areas so that all the available resources - financial and human- are deployed in a manner, which will give a fillip to state's growth.

Economic Scenario

12. The picture of the State Economy clearly emerges from the statistics given in the following table.Table-2: Annual Growth during Five Year Plans

Sectors 1st

Plan2nd

Plan3rd

Plan4th

Plan5th

Plan6th

Plan7th

Plan8th Plan 9th

Plan10th

PlanAgriculture & Animal Husbandry

1.7 1.4 (-)0.5 0.8 5.7 9.7 2.7 2.7 0.8 1.4

Forestry 6.2 2.2 8.1 2.3 (-)2.9 3.9 (-)7.4 (-)13.1 32.9 5.9Fisheries 1.2 13.0 7.3 3.9 4.3 9.6 11.6 5.3 9.1 5.4 Mining 32.0 30.0 25.3 (-)1.4 5.8 23.7 6.4 0.0 0.2 18.0 PRIMARY 1.8 1.5 (-)0.2 0.9 5.5 9.6 2.7 2.5 1.6 2.0Manufacturing 2.3 1.7 5.7 3.4 9.4 11.8 10.9 4.2 (-)4.3 6.3 SECONDARY 1.6 3.2 9.2 6.7 7.3 9.5 8.8 3.3 (-)0.9 9.1Transport, Storage & Communication

2.9 2.0 1.8 2.5 6.6 8.6 4.5 2.6 3.1 10.4

Finance & Real Estate

2.4 2.5 2.5 2.9 7.3 5.7 11.2 5.5 2.9 4.1

Community & Personal Services

3.8 2.7 4.1 3.7 1.8 3.1 11.0 4.4 5.8 5.9

TERTIARY 3.0 2.3 2.6 2.9 5.3 6.5 8.0 3.9 3.8 5.4Total ( U. P.) 2.0 1.9 1.6 2.3 5.7 8.7 5.7 3.2 2.0 5.0All India 3.6 4.0 2.2 3.3 5.3 5.3 5.8 6.8 5.6 7.7Per Capita Income (U.P.)

0.5 0.3 (-)0.2 0.4 3.3 6.3 3.3 1.4 (-)0.4 3.0

Per Capita Income ( India)

1.7 1.9 0.0 1.1 2.9 3.1 3.6 4.9 3.6 6.1

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Percentage increase of gross income of UP

2.2 2.2

3.7

5.24.2

5.6

7.5

012345678

2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07(Q)year

perc

enta

ge

13. Based on the quick estimates of 2006-2007, growth during the Tenth Five Year Plan was 5.0 percent. The Primary sector registered a growth of 2.0 percent, the Secondary sector 9.1 percent and the Tertiary sector 5.4 percent. Agriculture and Animal Husbandry sector registered a growth of 1.4 percent during the tenth plan. The Manufacturing sector registered 6.3 percent growth.

Table-3: INCOME Growth trend of UP based on new SERIES (1999-00)

Year Percentage of UP's net income in

India (current prices)

Percentage increase of net income (constant prices)

Percentage of UP's Gross

income in India

(current prices)

Percentage increase of

Gross income

(constant prices)

Percentage of UP's PCI

in India (current prices)

Percentage increase of

PCI (constant prices)

2000-01 9.5 2.1 9.5 2.2 58.7 -0.2

2001-02 9.1 1.8 9.2 2.2 56.1 -0.5

2002-03 9.1 3.2 9.2 3.7 56.3 1.3

2003-04 8.9 5.1 9.0 5.2 54.7 3.1

2004-05 8.5 3.7 8.6 4.2 51.8 1.7

2005-06(P) 8.4 5.5 8.6 5.6 51.3 3.5

2006-07(Q) 8.2 7.5 8.3 7.5 49.5 5.5

Q-Quick Estimates P-Provisional Estimates

Figure:1 Percentage increase of gross income of UP

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SECTORAL GROWTH RATES OF UP DURING TENTH PLAN

2.0

9.1

5.4 5.0

7.7

0.01.02.03.04.05.06.07.08.09.010.0

Prim

ary

Sec

onda

ry

Ter

tiary UP

All I

ndia

SECTORS

GR

OW

TH R

ATE

Figure:2 Sectoral growth rates of UP during tenth plan

Table-4 :Percentage Distribution of gsdp at Current Prices of U.P.

Percentage Distribution of GSDP Of UP Per capita Income of UP (in Rupees)

Year Primary Secondary Tertiary

1 1999-00 35.5 21.8 42.8 9405

2 2000-01 35.2 21.1 43.7 9541

3 2001-02 34.6 20.1 45.3 9781

4 2002-03 33.8 20.3 45.8 10435

5 2003-04 33.2 20.2 46.5 11250

6 2004-05 32.1 20.6 47.3 11941

7 2005-06(P) 31.8 21.7 46.5 13262

8 2006-07(Q) 31.2 21.9 46.8 14685

Q-Quick Estimates P-Provisional Estimates

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Figure:3 Percentage distribution of gsdp

Percentage Distribution of GSDP of UP at current prices

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1999

-00

2000

-01

2001

-02

2002

-03

2003

-04

2004

-05

2005

-06

2006

-07

(Q)

Year

Perc

enta

ge D

istr

ibut

ion

of

GSD

P

Primary Secondary Tertiary

Table-5: Percentage Distribution of GDP of India at Current Prices

Percentage Distribution of GDP of India Per capita Income of India (in Rupees)

. Year Primary Secondary Tertiary

1 1999-00 27.3 23.0 49.7 158812 2000-01 25.7 23.8 50.5 166883 2001-02 25.5 23.1 51.5 177824 2002-03 23.6 23.7 52.7 188855 2003-04 23.5 23.7 52.8 208956 2004-05 22.1 25.2 52.6 231997 2005-06(P) 21.7 25.9 52.4 259568 2006-07(Q) 21.0 26.6 52.4 29642

Q-Quick Estimates P-Provisional Estimates

14. Looking at the figures shown in above tables, it is noticed that the sectoral composition of GSDP, in U.P. in the year 1999-00 was 35.5, 21.8 and 42.8 percent for the primary, the secondary and the tertiary sectors respectively, while the corresponding all India figures were 27.3, 23.0 & 49.7 percent. In the year 2006-07(Q), the corresponding figures of U.P. are 31.2, 21.9 and 46.8 percent whereas for India, they are 21.0, 26.6 and 52.4 percent.

15. The above table shows that in U.P., the shares of primary and tertiary sectors in 1999-2000 were 35.5 and 42.8 percent respectively, and the share of secondary sector was 21.8 percent. In 2006-07 (Q) the

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tertiary sector surged ahead and reached 46.8 percent while the share of secondary sector remained same i.e. nearly 22 percent. At all India level the tertiary sector share was nearly 50 percent and primary sector share was 27.3 percent in 1999-00 and in the year 2006-07 tertiary sector share has risen to 52.4 percent and primary sector share has fallen to 21.0 percent. This analysis depicts that in U.P. as in the case of India the tertiary sector is growing in the same direction. However, primary sector is still a dominant sector in U.P.

16. The gap in per capita income of U.P and India was 40.8 percent in 1999-2000., by the end of tenth plan i.e. 2006-07 this gap in per capita income increased to 50.5 percent, clearly indicating that there is no let up in the widening gap.

The Challenges

17. Uttar Pradesh is the most populous State of India and the major challenges before the State can be briefly described as:

Bridging the increasing gap in per capita income of the State and India

Poverty alleviation

Improvement in the State’s ranking on Human Development Index

Placing the State on High Growth trajectory

18. UP the most populous state of India, occupies an important position in terms of economic growth of the country. So for smooth and rapid economic development it is necessary that State should also move briskly on the development path. The State showed signs of revival in the Tenth Plan and the growth rate of GSDP in 2005-06 was 5.6 percent (provisional estimates) while for the country was 9.4 percent. As per the Quick estimates, the GSDP growth for UP in 2006-07 is 7.5 percent while the GDP of the country grew at 9.6 percent. Thus, a ‘window of opportunity’ seems to be opening up for the state in the eleventh plan.

The task ahead

19. Rapid growth is an essential part of our strategy for two reasons. Firstly, it is only in a rapidly growing economy that we can expect to sufficiently raise the income of our population to bring about a general improvement in living conditions. Secondly, rapid growth is necessary to generate the resources needed to provide basic services to all.

GDP and GSDP

20. Looking at the figures of the growth rates of State Income and GDP as shown in the table below, we find that in U.P growth rate is 5.6 percent in 2005-06 while at the national level, the growth rate is 9.4 percent for the same period, while in 2006-07 the corresponding figures of U.P. and India are 7.5 percent and 9.6 percent respectively. It is clear that despite some improvement in the State’s growth rate, it is still lagging behind and consequently, the gap in per capita income is increasing with the passage of time.

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Table 6 : GDP and GSDPYear GDP growth in All India and

GDSP growth of UP ( At constant prices 1999-00)

GDP All India and GDSP of UP ( in Cr. Rs.)

Per Capita Income ( In Rs ) (at current prices)

All India UP All India UP All India UP2005-06 (P) 9.4 5.6 3275670 279762 25956 133162006-07(Q) 9.6 5.7 3790063 312832 29642 14685

Q=Quick; P=Provisional

21. Sector wise growth figures are also very important to analyse the situation in some detail:-

Table: 7 Sector wise Growth SECTORS Sector wise Growth (At Constant 1999-00

Prices) Year 2006-07 (Quick estimates )INDIA (GDP) U.P.(GSDP)

Agriculture & Allied 3.8 5.3Manufacturing 12.0 7.1Primary 4.0 5.4Secondary 11.5 10.0Tertiary 11.1 7.5Total Income 9.6 7.5

22. It is clear, that growth rate of every sector (except primary sector) in U.P. is lower than the National figure during 2006-07 and hence the overall growth rate of the State is lower. In U.P. Agriculture plays, a dominant role in the economy and growth rate of Agriculture and allied sector is 5.3percent, that of primary sector is 5.4percent, and the national figure is 4.0 percent. Secondary and Tertiary sectors are also growing very fast in the country as a whole but in U.P. though growth of secondary sector is close to national figure, the tertiary sector is lagging behind.

Per Capita Income Gap between U.P. & All India

23. In order to achieve faster growth rate, the State needs to mobilize its own resources on a large scale and on the other hand would require additional resources from Government of India. would also be necessary to supplement the state's efforts. Eleventh Plan document provides an opportunity to the State Government to identify the barriers on the growth path of the State and take effective steps to remove them. The planners and policy makers should take steps to place the State on a high growth trajectory in order to bridge the gap in the growth rates of GSDP & GDP. For bridging, the gap between Per Capita Income of U.P. & All India huge efforts would have to be made and the requirements of resources would be enormous. As shown in the following table if the State achieves about 10 percent growth in GSDP per annum and assuming the growth rate of GDP at about 9 percent per annum, only then by 2011-2012 the gap between per capita income of

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the state and India, will come down to 47.8 percent from the level of 49.97 at present . To reduce the gap of Per Capita Income, it is essential to focus on attainment of sectoral goals during the 11th Plan.

24. With the target growth rate of 10 percent in Eleventh Five Year Plan the year-wise achievement is depicted in the following table:-

Table: 8 GDP and GDSP targets

YearU.P. At Current Prices India At Current Prices Gap Gap

(in Percentage)

GSDP (10% Growth) (crore Rs.)

Per Capita Income Rs.

GDP (9% Growth) (crore Rs.)

Per Capita Income Rs.

(India-U.P.) Rs.

2007-08 342879 18160 4052037 35513 17353 48.92008-09 377167 19611 4416720 38174 18563 48.62009-10 414884 21185 4814225 41042 19857 48.42010-11 456373 22893 5247505 44097 21203 48.12011-12 502010 24750 5719781 47428 22677 47.8

25. Brief analysis of important sectors is as follows-

Agriculture

26. In a preponderantly agrarian economy, agriculture plays a strategic role from several points of view. Development of agriculture depends, to a considerable extent, on the adequate expansion and development of irrigation facilities. The economy of Uttar Pradesh is agrarian and performance of agriculture and allied activities such as horticulture, animal husbandry, dairying and fisheries are critical in determining the growth rate of the State. Primary sector (inclusive of mining) contributed 34.5percent to the State’s income in the year, 2005-06, and it came down to 33.7 percent in 2006-07. However, the share of this sector in State income has been progressively reducing.

Table-9:AgriculturalProduction('000 m tonne)

Crop 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06Rice 12856 9587 12495 10783 11741Wheat 25498 23748 26350 23430 24090Pulses 2377 2182 2448 2431 2205Total Food Grain including other crops

44187 38373 44464 39997 41086

Oil Seeds 1110 850 940 1019 1167

[ 10 ]

27. This table depicts that the total food grain production has considerably decreased in 2004-05 in comparison to previous year and production marginally increased in the year 2005-06.

Table-10: Agricultural Productivity (quintal per hectare)Crop 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06Rice 21.17 18.41 22.34 18.13 19.95

Wheat 27.55 25.91 27.90 25.00 25.86

Pulses (Arhar) 11.57 9.55 11.01 9.62 8.35

Total Food Grain 21.63 19.99 21.91 19.65 20.54

Oil Seeds 8.69 7.72 8.40 8.45 9.34

Figure:4 Agriculture Productivity of UP

Agricultural Productivity over the last five years (quintal per hectare)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Rice Wheat Pulses (Arhar) Total Food Grain Oil Seeds

agri products

prod

ucts

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

28. Table 10 and the above figure depicts that productivity in U.P of major crops increased in 2005-06(except for pulses) and hence more efforts must be put in to maintain this trend so as to increase the overall production and productivity.

Irrigation

29. Assured irrigation facilities are essential for attaining robust agricultural growth. Latest available figures of Net irrigated area indicate that it was 128.48-lakh hectare in 2002-03 where as in 2004-05 it was 131.18lakh hectare leaving as much as 35.64 lakh hectare (21.3 percent) of net area sown without irrigation. The Gross sown area of the state in 2004-05 was 255.24lakh hectare out of which 189.39lakh hectare (74.2 percent) was Gross irrigated area. In 2005-06, Gross irrigated area was 189.70lakh hectare and net irrigated area was 130.75lakh hectare, while the Gross area sown was 253.07 lakh hectare and the net area sown was

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166.33 lakh hectare. The net area sown was bit higher in the year 2003-04 when compared with other years while the Gross irrigated area was the highest in the year 2005-06. The detailed description is given in the table, below..

Table- 11 : Irrigated area and net sown area

Year Gross irrigated area (in lakh)

Net irrigated area (in lakh)

Gross area sown (in lakh)

Net area sown (in lakh)

2002-03 177.92 128.48 243.11 165.972003-04 185.24 132.27 254.25 167.502004-05 189.39 131.18 255.24 166.832005-06 189.70 130.75 253.07 166.33

30. There is a need to increase the share of surface water irrigation such as canals and reduce dependence on ground water as this will benefit small and marginal farmers and also restrict the depletion of ground water. There is also a need to adopt rainwater-harvesting schemes to arrest the declining groundwater levels in several parts of the State

31. The other major sectors which affect not only the overall economy of state but also affect the living conditions and quality of life of people are:

Power

Industry & Minerals

Transport

Education

Medical & Public Health

32. Detailed analysis of these sectors is in the subsequent chapters. However, a brief description on these sectors is given below.

The performance of primary education sector during the tenth Plan period may be regarded as a success story, as the state achieved 1st position in 'Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan' and was felicitated by the ministry of HRD.

Keeping in view the requirements and necessities of states' economy, it is highly imperative to fix a growth rate of at least 10 percent for the XI th plan. It is due to the concerted efforts made by the state in developing infrastructure facilities such as power supplies and road development, we are at a stage where we can not only dream of higher growth rate but are also in a position to translate it into reality.

We are determined to connect all habitations with population of more than 500 with pucca road during the XIth Plan. The State government invested Rs.9070 crores during Tenth Plan period on roads and bridges and about 384 bridges have been completed during the last three years.

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It is necessary to substantially increase the present investment level in agriculture for heralding the 2nd Green Revolution.

Various health indicators in the state are below the national average. Hence special attention is being given for their improvement. In the rural areas of the state 93000 "Asha" workers have been recruited to improve the medical and health services.

Human Development Index

33. The various socio-economic indicators such as IMR, Life Expectancy, Literacy and the percentage of persons living below poverty line, which measures three basic dimensions of Human Development Index (HDI) so that the state needs to put in enormous efforts to catch up with the national level. The pattern of the HDI in UP shows that the Western region has a marginally higher HDI compared to the Central region, while the Eastern and the Bundelkhand region have the lowest HDI. It is noteworthy that the Western region considered economically advanced, hardly does much better than the other regions in the UP plains. Among the top one-fourth districts in terms of HDI, the districts which figure belong to the Western region (5), the Central region (2) and Bundelkhand (1). None of the districts in Eastern UP figures in this group.

34. On the other hand, five districts from Western UP, four from Central UP, six from Eastern UP and one from the Bundelkhand region are among the lowest one-fourth. The variance in the human development status of the districts in the Western region deserves attention. Five of it’s 21 districts are in the top one-fourth, seven in the second one-fourth, four in the third one-fourth and five in the lowest one-fourth. A similar variation in HDI can also be seen in the other regions. This clearly shows that while region-level analysis of human development is certainly important in UP (given the significant variations that are noticed), our analysis should probe district or even lower level variations.

35. A comparison of the HDI in UP’s districts shows that no district in UP has achieved Kerala’s status whereas only 17 districts have HDI values higher than the national value. The only districts in the top ten , Kanpur Nagar (Rank 2), Ghaziabad (Rank 4) and Lucknow (6) have large and well developed urban centres. As mentioned earlier, the district with the lowest HDI in UP is Budaun in Western UP. The other districts (ranked from the lowest) are Bahraich, Sidharthanagar, Hardoi, Maharajganj, Gonda, Shahjahanpur, Sitapur, Rampur and Basti. These districts form a geographically close – although not continuous – stretch, along or in proximity to UP’s ‘backbone’ and are located in the Eastern, Central and Western parts of the State. If we look at the position in respect of HDI over a period of ten years, each of UP’s regions has shown an improvement in HDI.

36. `An analysis of the three components of the HDI (the education index, life expectancy index and the income index) shows that for UP as a whole, these indices are positively correlated. But the mutual correlation between the two indices reflecting health and educational capability are better correlated with each other than with the income index. The correlation between the education and life expectancy indices for UP’s districts is 0.69 while the correlation between the education and income indices is 0.47. The lowest correlation is between the life expectancy index and the income index (0.36). Districts from Western UP, with very low HDI ranks have relatively higher ranks with respect to the income index. For instance,

[ 13 ]

Shahjahanpur, which is ranked 57 in terms of HDI has a rank of 26 in terms of the income index. Similarly, Rampur, which has an HDI rank of 55, has a rank of 28 in terms of the income index. Budaun with the lowest HDI rank (63), has a rank of 47 in terms of per capita income. Thus, some districts have done poorly on education and health inspite of relatively high levels of income. Others have been able to improve their performance on both income and HDI.

37. In fact, by and large, HDI and GDI(Gender Development Index) ranks are fairly well correlated. But there are several districts like Mainpuri, Etawah, Farukhabad, Bareilly and others whose GDI ranks are higher than their HDI ranks. On the other hand, districts like Banda, Unnao, Lalitpur and Basti show a significant deterioration in GDI ranks compared to HDI ranks. The difference between HDI and GDI reflects the extent to which gender discrimination occurs in that region/district. In fact, districts with the lowest difference between HDI and GDI are Sonbhadra, Fatehpur, Mau, Jhansi and Lalitpur. The fact that three of these districts come from environmentally hostile areas where women’s work is reported to be higher, points to the difficulty in taking work participation as an important variable in the computation of GDI. At the other end, the districts showing the largest difference between HDI and GDI are all from Western and Central UP. These districts are characterised by high disparities in health and education and by very low rate of participation in work by women, which reinforces the gender gap, as measured by the GDI. UP’s human development status is a cause of serious concern.

38. `The State’s HDI and GDI are close to the bottom among India’s major States. Although there are large variations among districts and there are some good achievers, none of the UP districts are able to match up to Kerala’s performance and only three have an HDI higher than the average achieved in Maharashtra. Human poverty is high in UP and again varies significantly between districts. Another important conclusion is that among UP’s districts, while differences in income may be large, yet levels of human development do not vary as significantly. Several districts in the Western part of the State have relatively better income levels than the rest but they are among the worst performers in human development or status of women.

Strength of Economy

39. People are the real wealth of the nation and for U.P. they are the real strength of the economy. Therefore any strategy for the Eleventh Five Year Plan, besides enhancing the growth rate, should pay utmost attention to expanding the following most important human capabilities -

to lead a long and healthy life.

to be knowledgeable.

to have access to the resources needed for a decent standard of living and

to participate in the life of the community.

40. Thus keeping in mind a picture of overall economic scenario as shown above and realising the present real strength of economy of U.P., the state has entered the 11th five year Plan with a clear cut idea of improving human resource with the improvement of other sectors that are responsible for the achievement of targeted growth rate of 10percent .

[ 14 ]

Poverty

41. Region wise (and Division wise in appendices) estimates for poverty for the year 2004-05 have been prepared on the basis of data collected in NSS state sample 61st round and is given below-

Table-14: Regional Trends in Poverty: Head Count Ratio (Uttar Pradesh) 1993-2005

Region & Sector 1993-94 1999-2000 1999-2000 (Adj)

2004-05 (MRP)

2004-05 (URP)

Rural1-Western 29.3 21.7 22.5 19.11 24.652-Central 50.2 42.2 43 24.18 27.763-Eastern 48.8 36.4 40.3 31.94 37.974-Bundelkhand 67.4 20.9 38.1 14.37 16.83Uttar Pradesh 42.3 31.1 33.7 25.45 30.74Urban1-Western 31.1 30 30.5 26.81 30.922-Central 33.9 33.4 30 21.16 30.553-Eastern 38.6 31.1 33.7 37.19 41.684-Bundelkhand 74.4 40.9 38.1 28.54 27.28Uttar Pradesh 35.1 30.7 30.4 27.82 32.88

The above data also reveals the declining trend in poverty.

Figure:5:Districts and Regional boundaries of Uttar Pradesh

[ 15 ]

42. Three main factors are important to analyse the poverty scenario and understand its status for better targeting,

identification of pockets where poor as a group are located,

characteristics of the poor like literacy etc.,

reach of govt programmes to the poor. Poverty profiles are used for identification of the pockets of poor.

43. For targeting of anti-poverty schemes and programmes it is advisable to chalk out the areas where such actions would derive speedy realisation. Poverty profiles provide a new direction in this respect. These sub-populations may be exemplified as regions, social groups, land groups etc. The poverty profile is a combination of 'poverty incidence', 'share of poor' and 'share of population' by sub-population category. A derived column, 'relative incidence' may be defined as a ratio of 'share of poor' by 'share of population'.

Regional profile of poverty in Uttar Pradesh

44. The table below provides poverty profile of the rural Uttar Pradesh according to its agro-climatic regions (also known to be economic regions). Eastern region is depicted with highest poverty incidence (38.0 percent) among all regions. It also holds the highest share of poor persons i.e. 55.2 percent in the state, while in terms of its share of population in this region the poor constitute 44.7 percent. Incidence of 38 percent in Eastern region may be understood as, if straight allocation of the resources is to be done towards this region without taking into consideration any other factor, then the resources are likely to go to 38 percent of the population in this region. Targeting this region would however address nearly 55 percent of the rural poor of the Uttar Pradesh, as the relative incidence of poverty in this Eastern region is 1.24. Therefore targeting this region would be more effective for reducing poverty in the state compare to targeting other regions. Such type of understanding of profiles may be extended to the following tables of similar nature.

Table -15: Regional poverty profile in rural Uttar Pradesh

Region Poverty incidence Share Relative incidencePoor Population

Western 24.7 27.2 33.9 0.80Central 27.8 14.9 16.5 0.90Eastern 38.0 55.2 44.7 1.24Bundelkhand 16.8 2.7 4.9 0.55Overall 30.7 100.0 100.0

45. The table below provides regional poverty profile for urban Uttar Pradesh. Eastern region is found most vulnerable among all if seen through poverty incidence and relative incidence. In the absence of other information, poverty incidence, alone suggests highest suitability for the targeting of anti-poverty programmes. As far as share of poor is concerned, Western region holds almost half of the urban poor of the state. By this consideration, it may be concluded that Western region contains the highest share of the

[ 16 ]

urban poor and it would be more appropriate to target this region as far as the reduction in urban poverty is concerned.

Table 16: Regional poverty profile in urban Uttar Pradesh

Region Poverty incidence Share Relative incidencePoor Population

Western 30.9 48.4 51.5 0.94Central 30.6 20.5 22.1 0.93Eastern 41.7 26.4 20.8 1.27Bundelkhand 27.3 4.6 5.6 0.83Overall 32.9 100.0 100.0

Uttar Pradesh Poverty and Social Monitoring System

46. The Government of Uttar Pradesh established the Uttar Pradesh Poverty and Social Monitoring System (UP PSMS) in 1999, under the Directorate of Economics and Statistics (DES), Planning Department. One of the major objectives of PSMS is to collect, generate and disseminate data on the conditions of the poor and socially marginalised. First such survey was carried out between February and June 2000. It was conducted along with the state sample survey of NSS 55th round. The second survey was conducted adding a similar module to the 58th and 59th rounds of the NSS state sample and was completed in 2002-03. Both the PSMS rounds were administered to a large sample of households (nearly 14 thousand) and estimates emanating from them were statistically robust at the region level. Third PSMS survey is underway (survey period being July 2007 to June 2008) along with NSS 64th round.

47. The data of PSMS round I revealed that the number of persons living below poverty line showed a sharp decline from 40.85 percent in 1993-94 to 31.15 percent in 1999-2000. While poverty ratio in rural areas came down from 42.3 percent to 31.22 percent, in the urban areas it came down from 35.4 percent to 30.89 percent. It also revealed that the number of persons living below poverty line also declined from 604.45 lakh (on the basis of URP consumption) to 529.89 (on the basis of MRP consumption) lakh of which 412.01 lakh is from rural areas and 117.88 lakh from urban areas. Though the declining trend of poverty in Uttar Pradesh is encouraging, yet other States like Andhra Pradesh (15.77 percent), Gujarat (14.07 percent), Haryana (8.74 percent), Kerala (12.72 percent), Punjab (6.16 percent) and Rajasthan (15.28 percent) have performed much better in this regard. Only four States, viz. Assam, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Orissa having a poverty ratio of 36.09 percent, 42.60 percent, 37.43 percent and 47.15percent respectively are lagging behind U.P.

48. PSMS II depicts that the real monthly per capita expenditure (MPCE) of the poorest one tenth of the UP population rose from Rs. 118 per capita per month in 1993-94 to Rs. 151 in 2002-03. On the other hand, the real MPCE of the richest one tenth of the population of U.P. remained constant as it was Rs. 746 in 1993-94 and Rs. 705 in 2002-03. The ratio of the population below the poverty line to the total population is the poverty ratio which is also known as the headcount ratio. Using an official poverty line Rs. 213.01

[ 17 ]

and Rs. 258.65 per person per month of consumption expenditure for rural and urban areas of U.P. respectively, 40.9 percent of U.P. population was found to be below poverty line in 1993-94. For rural and urban areas the population living below poverty line was 42.38 percent and 35.4 percent respectively. PSMS II data reveals that 29.2 percent of U.P. population was found to be below poverty line in 2002-03 the separate figures for rural and urban being 28.5 percent and 32.3 percent respectively. The data also reveal that the other measures of poverty such as poverty gap and squared poverty gap also corroborate clear decline in poverty during the period 1993-94 to 2003-04.

49. In order to achieve the ambitious target of poverty reduction, the State Government will have to take special steps. An outline of a comprehensive poverty alleviation strategy adopted by the State Government in the Eleventh Plan is based on these criteria:

Revival of agriculture

Strengthening rural infrastructure

Creation of wage employment opportunity.

Creation of self-employment opportunity.

Cafeteria Approach

Giving name and face to poor

Federation of Self Help Groups

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PART II : Annual Plans

50. The development of the rural areas is essential for inclusive and equitable growth and to unlock huge potential of the population that is presently trapped in poverty with its associated deprivation. The incidence of poverty across the state indicates that poverty is very closely linked to the absence of social infrastructure. Creation of infrastructure, both physical and social has been given a greater thrust in the Eleventh Plan, as shown in the table below :.

( Cr. Rs.) Major Heads First Plan to Tenth

Plan ExpenditurePercentage share

Eleventh Plan Agreed Outlay

Percentage share

1. Agriculture and Allied Activities 11932.15 8.74 19146.37 10.572. Rural Development 13729.15 10.05 7658.00 4.233. Economic infrastructure 62020.71 45.42 70037.89 38.67 Power 26141.64 19.14 26371.03 14.56 Irrigation 18441.84 13.51 16338.22 9.02 Transport 17437.23 12.77 27328.64 15.094. Social Infrastructure 22786.24 16.69 37412.22 20.66 Education 10596.13 7.76 18850.83 10.41 Medical & Public Health 5932.17 4.34 13194.05 7.29 Water supply and sanitation 6257.94 4.58 5367.34 2.965. Others 26078.15 19.10 46839.52 25.86Total : All Sectors 136546.40 100.00 181094.00 100.00

51. Durng the Tenth Five Year Plan, against an approved outlay of Rs 59708 crore, an expenditure of Rs 54855.70 crore has been incurred. The shortfall in expenditure is mainly due to resource constraint. Yearwise performance during the tenth plan is summarized below :

(Cr Rs)

Year Approved Outlay Expenditure %age Expenditure

2002-03 7250.00 6617.65 91.28

2003-04 7728.00 6178.60 79.95

2004-05 9661.51 8456.04 87.52

2005-06 13500.00 13506.51 100.05

2006-07 19000.00 20096.90 105.77

Total 57139.51 54855.70 96.00

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52. The growth rate of the State during the Tenth Five Year Plan is given below

Annual Growth Rate(In percentage)

Sector Target of Tenth

Plan

2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 Tenth Plan Achievement

Primary 5.17 0.9 3.4 -1.2 1.7 5.4 2.0

Secondary 12.36 5.9 7.5 10.1 12.0 10.4 9.1

Tertiary 8.06 4.0 5.5 4.8 5.3 7.7 5.4

Overall 8.00 3.2 5.1 3.7 5.5 7.5 5.0

53. The contribution of agriculture in the State conomy is more than 30%. Keeping in view the potential of its growth and critical role of this sector in employment generation and alleviation of poverty in rual areas, the rate of growth of this sector has been kept at 5.7 percent ( Primary 6.4 percent ). Next to agriculture, manufacturing sector is the other most important sector of state's economy, for which a target of 11.5 percent growth is envisaged during the Eleventh Plan. A growth rate of 10.5 percent for secondary sector has been projected. Similarly, a growth rate of 12.4 percent is targeted in the tertiary sector. A higher growth rate in this sector is necessary both for growth in some other sub sectors of tertiary sector and for a significant occupational shift of work force from agriculture to other more remunerative sectors. Sectoral breakup is given below:

Sector Targeted Growth rate (%.)

1. Primary 6.4

-Of which agriculture and Animal Husbandry 5.7

2. Secondary 10.5

-Of which manufacturing 11.5

3. Tertiary 12.4

4. Overall 10.0

54. It may be mentioned here that the growth target indicated above, are higher than those envisaged by the Planning Commission. The State would retain the above targets and would not make any change in the

[ 20 ]

same for the time being. The state would make all efforts to achieve these ambitious targets with a view to bridging the gap between the per capita income of the state and the country.

Investment during Eleventh Plan

55. To achieve the targeted growth rate of 10 % per annum during the Eleventh Plan period, aggregate investment required has been worked out to be Rs. 810906 crore at the current prices of 2006-07, on the basis of assumption indicated by Planning Commission. In view of the financial constraints of the state, various policy measures have been initiated by the State Government to create a more conducive climate for attracting private investment. The estimates of aggregate investment in public and private sectors as indicated in the Eleventh Five Year Plan are given below :

Required investment for Eleventh Plan (2007-12)

Sector Required investment (Cr. Rs.)

1. Public sector 235974

2. Private sector 574932

3. Aggregate investment 810906

4. State Plan Outlay 181094

Objectives and Priorities The plan will focus on and give highest priority to the development of agriculture. To

be more precise, it will promote all such activities which increase productivity and motivate farmers to shift from low value to high value crops. The target is to double the income of farmers during the Eleventh Plan period.

The development of economic infrastructure, viz. energy, irrigation and transport, will be the second most important objective of the plan and will receive the next highest priority. Development of economic infrastructure is seen as a sine-qua-non for the development of both agriculture and manufacturing sectors, apart from the fact that it provides a base for improvement in the quality of life of the people.

Measures designed to generate remunerative and productive employment to promote a shift of work-force from agriculture to other sectors of the economy will receive the next highest priority in the plan.

Provision of universal education, basic health amenities in rural and urban areas, safe and adequate water supply, village connectivity by all weather roads, housing for poor and speedy improvement in socio-economic conditions of the under-privileged and historically disadvantaged sections of the society will receive a much higher priority in the plan.

[ 21 ]

Measures to control growth in population to bring the growth rate at par with that of the country, the programmes initiated for higher literacy, reduction in infant mortality and access to better health care for the poor in rural areas will also receive highest priority.

Promoting and developing public private partnership, empowerment of the masses and involvement of Self Help Groups would form part of the strategy.

Important Goals for Eleventh Plan

56. The State Government is committed to make Uttar Pradesh a ‘prosperous and developed’ State where all citizens are able to live in peace and harmony and develop to their full potential without suffering any discrimination based on caste, creed or religion. Inclusive development is the key goal. The State Government has set certain important goals for the Eleventh Plan. They are :

Reduction in per capita income gap between the State and the country Improvement in Human Development Index Positive steps for attainment of Millennium Development Goals To give a boost to agriculture and allied sectors so as to double the income of the farmer, to

ensure easy availability of cheap agricultural credit to farmers, to raise surface water irrigation level and to promote agricultural research.

To reduce poverty level, to improve credit linkage of Self Help Groups, to establish federation of all Self Help Groups at State / District level and work for ‘financial inclusion’ and extend the reach of microfinance in the State to meet credit needs.

To create 1.25 crore employment opportunities, to impart appropriate skills to students as per market requirements after completion of Basic Education, to improve ‘employability’ of workers.

Provide all weather road connectivity to all habitations with population of 500 persons, maintain proper ‘riding quality’ of all types of roads.

Provide 24 hour quality electric supply to all ‘industrial connections’ in the State and ensure energisation of private tube wells, improve PLF, reduce AT& C losses and additional power generation capacity.

To provide safe drinking water supply, to cover all habitations under Total Sanitation Cmapaign.

To provide housing facilites to homeless BPL rural and urban slum dwellers. Achieve full literacy by 2012, to reduce gender gap in literacy rate, ensure universal enrolment

and completion of education upto Class VIII by all children, to reduce drop out ratio in Elementary Education.

To reduce IMR, MMR, TFR and to achieve full immunization of children from six deadly diseases.

To reduce percentage of malnutrition among women & children. Focus on Public Health – Preventive aspects rather than only on Curative aspects Universal coverage of all eligible persons to receive old age, widow pension, handicapped

pension.

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Empowering local bodies through transfer of funds, functions and functionaries Curbing corruption in public service and promoting transparency and accountability in civil

services Focus on ‘outcomes’ rather than ‘expenditure’

57. The State Government is of the view that the State and Central Government should jointly work to rid the State of the scourge of poverty, ignorance and disease. This calls for renewed commitment and change of mindset. A ‘window of opportunity’ has opened before us as the State has been generating enough resources for the past five years to fund fully the annual plan outlays. The State needs to grab this opportunity. This can only be done if we have the courage to think anew and question old beliefs and not accept anything just because it has been handed down to us or continues by tradition. It calls for reform of institutions, systems, operational procedures and commitment to improve the lot of the poorest of the poor. Only then inclusive growth will become a reality.

The State’s Finances

58. The Planning Commission approved an outlay of Rs 181094 crore for the Elventh Plan period. The outlay for Annual Plan, 2007-08 has been kept at Rs 25000 crore and an outlay of Rs 32000 crore is being proposed for the Annual Plan,. 2008-09. The distribution of the outlay among the various sectors of the economy is given below:

(Cr. Rs.)

Major/Minor Head of Development 

 

Annaul Plan 2007-08 Annual Plan (2008-09)

Approved Outlay Anti. Expn Proposed Outlay %age Share

ECONOMIC SERVICES 15155.33 15178.44 19574.85 61.17

I- Agriculture. and Allied Activities 1998.04 1805.89 2855.34 8.92

II- Rural Development 1698.70 1691.67 1819.31 5.69

III-Special Area Programmes 939.41 964.41 1064.47 3.33

IV-Irrigation & Flood Control 2420.72 2420.72 2849.91 8.91

V-Energy 3177.84 3640.43 4635.19 14.48

VI-Industry & Minerals 223.76 239.80 399.61 1.25

VII-Transport 4207.55 4241.51 5188.52 16.21

IX-Science,Technology and Environment 76.57 36.32 46.41 0.15

X- General Economic Services 412.74 137.69 716.09 2.24

XI- SOCIAL SERVICES 9678.51 9658.09 12162.66 38.01

Of which

[ 23 ]

Major/Minor Head of Development 

 

Annaul Plan 2007-08 Annual Plan (2008-09)

Approved Outlay Anti. Expn Proposed Outlay %age Share

Education 2019.80 2090.01 2479.81 7.75

Medical & Public Health 1714.17 1714.17 1912.93 5.98

Water Supply and Sanitation 829.39 817.92 962.61 3.01

Social Net 2455.38 2442.81 2912.58 9.10

Others 2659.77 2593.18 3894.73 12.17

XII- GENERAL SERVICES 166.16 165.13 262.49 0.82

GRAND TOTAL 25000.00 25001.66 32000.00 100.00

59. For the Annual Plan, 2008-09, substantial increase in the outlay has been proposed for the priority areas such as Agriculture, Power, Roads, Irrigation, Education, Medical and Health and Social Safety Net Similarly, social infrastructure and economic infrastructure have been accorded priority. A brief description is given below:- Cr. Rs.Item Annual Plan 2007-08 Annual Plan 2008-09 : Proposed Outlay

ApprovedOutlay

Anti. Expn Total Increase over 2007-08 Outlay

Increase over 2007-08

ExpenditureAgriculture and Allied Activities (Including Irrigation)

4418.76 4226.61 5705.25 29.11 34.98

Rural Development 1698.70 1691.67 1819.31 7.10 7.55Power 3175.95 3638.52 4633.19 45.88 27.34Roads 3929.44 3929.44 3793.85 -3.45 -3.45Education 2019.80 2090.01 2479.81 22.78 18.65Medical and Health 1714.17 1714.17 1912.93 11.60 11.60Water Supply 829.39 817.92 962.61 16.06 17.69Urban Development 2192.92 2121.05 3301.32 50.54 55.65Housing 405.89 411.18 501.93 23.66 22.07

Physical Targets

60. The detailed information on the physical targets of the Eleventh Plan as well as Annual Plan, 2008-09 is given in Statement-II in Volume-II. Some key targets are given below:- :

[ 24 ]

Item Unit Level at end of

2006-07

Eleventh Plan Target

Annual Plan 2007-08 Annual Plan 2008-09 Proposed

Target

Additionality over 2007-08

Target Anti. Achi.

1. PRODUCTION OF(i) FOODGRAINS Th Tonnes 41627 53825 48405 43149 49707 6558 -Kharif Th Tonnes 14139 18838 16729 14713 17233 2520 -Rabi Th Tonnes 27488 34987 31676 28436 32474 4038(a) Cereals Th Tonnes 39652 50817 45456 40604 46741 6137 -Rice Th Tonnes 11124 15006 13504 11503 13865 2362 -Wheat Th Tonnes 25444 31773 28500 26041 29285 3244(b) Pulses Th Tonnes 1975 3008 2949 2545 2964 419 (i) Oil seeds Th Tonnes 1055 1436 1144 1113 1211 98 (ii) Sugarcane Th Tonnes 159100 175500 161500 171500 164700 -6800 (iii) Potato Th Tonnes 12230 16693 11401 11401 12542 1141 2.Cropping Intensity Percent 154 160 154 154 154 … 3. Production of - Milk Th.Tonnes 18095 29453 20117 20117 22128 2011 -Eggs Million 948.32 1309.56 894.86 894.86 984.35 89.49 -Fish Th.Tonnes 307 532 344 344 378 344. Irrigation Potential Creation

Th.ha. 32929.66 36934.23 33703.34 33703.34 34346.90 643.56

5. Irrigation Potential Utilization

Th.ha. 23864.36 25216.58 24443.88 24443.88 24996.44 552.56

6. Installed Capacity (Availability to the state)

MW 9618 18609 9967 10317 10517 200

7-PLF of Thermal Projects(Own)

% 60.15 65.00 62.00 57.74 63.67 5.93

8-T & D losses % 34.59 19.06 26.21 29.81 26.07 -3.749. Electrification of Villages No. 83560 88267 88267 88280 93141 486110. Energisation of Tubewells No. 856421 956421 876421 876421 896421 2000011. Surfaced Roads Km. 127183 152134 131644 132134 136952 481812.Villages connected by all- weather roads

No. 60084 71044 61458 62544 65044 2500

13A- Junior Basic School No. 102481 109481 103294 103294 105794 250013B- Senior Basic School No. 33341 48341 37798 37798 41798 400014. Schools / Colleges No 15413 20503 16429 16429 17470 104115. Degree Colleges No. 1882 2094 2022 2022 2144 122

District Planning Committee (DPC)

61. In pursuance of the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments, the State Government has constituted the District Planning Committees by an Act, which provides for for consolidation of plans, prepared by the panchayats and the municipalities in the district and preparation of draft development plan for the district as a whole and for matters connected therewith. The highlights of the new system are as under :

DPC shall consist of such number of members as may prescribed : Provided that the number of members shall not be more than forty. Four-fifths of the total number of members of the Committee shall be elected from amongst the elected members of the

[ 25 ]

Zila Panchayat and of the Municipalities in the district in proportion to the ratio between the population of the rural areas and of the urban areas in the district.

One-fifth members of the Committee shall include:

Minister nominated by the State Government , who shall be the Chairperson of the Committee;

The Chairman of the Zila Panchayat

District Magistrate - ex-officio;

MPs, MLAs, MLCs of the State representing constituencies which are wholly or partly in the district shall be permanent invitees to the meetings of the Committee

The Chief Development Officer of the district shall be the ex-officio Secretary of the Committee

62. The Committee shall perform the following functions, namely :-

to identify local needs and objectives within the frame-work of national and state plan objectives ;

to collect, compile and update information relating to natural and human resources of the district to create a sound data base for decentralised planning and preparation of district and block resources profiles;

to list and map amenities at village, block and district levels;

to determine policies, programmes and priorities for development of the district, in order to ensure maximum and judicious utilisation and exploitation of available natural and human resources;

to modify or amend and consolidate the draft Five Year or Annual Development plan prepared for the rural and urban areas, keeping in view the over-all plan objectives and strategies;

to submit development plan to the State Government in such manner as may be prescribed;

to prepare employment plan for the district;

to prepare estimate of financial resources for financing the district plan;

to allocate sectoral and sub-sectoral outlays within the overall framework of the district development plan;

to monitor, evaluate and review progress of the schemes and programmes being implemented in the district under the decentralised planning framework including central sector and centrally-sponsored schemes, and the Local Area Development Schemes of Parliamentary Constituencies and Assembly Constituencies;

to submit regular progress reports to the State Government in respect of schemes included in the district plans;

[ 26 ]

to identify schemes and programmes which require institutional finance, devise appropriate forward and backward linkages with the plans and ensure requisite flow of investment;

to ensure participation of voluntary organisations in the overall development process;

to make suggestions and recommendations to the State Government with regard to the State sector schemes having significant bearing on the process of development of the district;

63. The State Government has decided to activate the District Planning Committee and District Planning Committee Rules, 2008 have been notified, Also the process of election of members oif the Committee is underway and shortly the development plans will be prepared by the District Planning Committees.

Monitorable Targets of Eleventh Plan

64. Eight Millennium Development Goals (MDG) have been identified .These goals are as follows:

Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

Achieve universal primary education

Promote gender equality and empower women

Reduce child mortality

Improve maternal health

Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases

Ensure environmental sustainability, and

Develop a global partnership for development

65. These goals are to be achieved by 2015.Keeping in view the country's commitment to attainment of Millennium Development Goals and need to improve the position of the country on Human Development Index, the Planning Commission, Government of India has for the first time fixed State specific targets for the 11th Plan. Government of Uttar Pradesh has committed itself to the attainment of these goals which in no case are less than the national goals set by Government of India. The monitorable targets for Eleventh Five Year Plan which have been finalized in consultation with the Planning Commission are given in the following table:

Table: Monitorable Targets fixed for Eleventh PlanIndicator Unit Status at the

beginning of XI PlanEleventh Plan Target

All India U.P. All India U.P.1. Infant mortality rate (SRS 2004) Per thousand 58 72 28 352. Maternal mortality Rate (2001-03

RHME)Per lakh live birth 301 517 100 100

3. Total Fertility Rate (SRS 2002) Per population couple

3.0 4.4 2.1 2.8

4. Malnutrition of Children (0-3 Weight for age 47.0 51.7 23.5 23.5

[ 27 ]

Indicator Unit Status at the beginning of XI Plan

Eleventh Plan Target

All India U.P. All India U.P.years) (NFHS98-99) below 2SD

5. Anemia among Women (15-45 years) (NFHS98-99)

Percentage 51.8 48.7 25.9 20.0

6. Sex Ratio (0-6 years Census 2001) Per Thousand 927 916 935 9247. Drop out Rate in elementary

education (2003-04)Percentage 52.2 42.84 20.0 5.0

8. Literacy Rate (Census 2001) Percentage 64.59 56.23 85.0 85.09. Gender Gap in Literacy Rate

(Census 2001)Percentage 21.6 26.6 10.0 10.0

10. Additional Job Needed In lakh - - 700 12511. Poverty Ratio(2004-05) 27.8 32.2 16.3 15.012. Growth Rate of economy Percentage 7.2 5.6 9.0 10.013. Growth rate In Agriculture

(Primary)Percentage 1.8 3.5 4.1 6.4

14. Growth Rate in Industry (Secondary)

Percentage 8.3 6.5 10.5 10.5

15. Growth Rate In Services (Tertiary) Percentage 9.0 6.9 9.9 12.4

66. The major limitation in monitoring these targets is that the data for these indicators have certain time lag and therefore it is not possible to get. The authentic data for evaluation unless an alternative arrangement to generate data is made by the state on a regular basis. Thus to ensure timely attainment of these goals, State Government has decided to put in place a separate monitoring mechanism with clearly defined methodology for collection, compilation and analysis of data and periodicity at which the data would be collected. Since the data for these monitorable indicators for the year 2007-08 is not available, the present available status is given below:

Infant Mortality Rate (per thousand) in U.P. in 2006 was 71 while the corresponding figure for India was 57.

Total Fertility Rate (per productive couple) in U.P. in 2005-06 was 3.82 while the corresponding figure for India was 2.68.

Malnutrition of children below 3 years of age in U.P. in 2005-06 was 47.3 percent while the corresponding figure for India is 45.9

Sex Ratio (no of females per thousand males 0-6 years) in U.P. in 2001 was 916 while the corresponding figure for India was 927.

Literacy Rate in U.P. in 2001 was 56.23 while the corresponding figure for India was 64.59.

Growth Rate of U.P's. economy in 2006-07 was 7.5 while the growth rate of India was 9.6.

[ 28 ]

67. Various indicators of social infrastructure like education, health, nutrition and sanitation reveals that the position of India among the other nations of the world is not satisfactory. India is currently placed at 126th position in Human Development Index. Likewise, Uttar Pradesh is at 16th position among 17 major States in respect of Human Development Index in 2004-05. It is thus, clear that if Uttar Pradesh fails to achieve the set goals , then India will also not be able to achieve the Millennium Development Goals by 2015. Hence, monitorable targets need to be rigorously monitored during the Plan period. The details of these targets and their achievements are given in the following Table :.

Sl.No.

Indicator Unit Eleventh Plan Target

Present status

All India

UP Reference Period

All India

UP

1. Infant Mortality Rate Per thousand 28 35 SRS-2006 57 71

2. Maternal Mortality Rate Per lakh live birth 100 100 2001-02 RHIME

301 517

3. Total Fertility Rate Per productive couple

2.1 2.8 NFHS III (2005-06)

2.68 3.82

4. Malnutrition of children (0-3 Years)

Children under 3 years of age who are underweight %

23.5 23.5 NFHS III (2005-06)

45.9 47.3

5. Anaemia among women (15-49 years)

Percentage 25.9 20.0 NFHS III (2005-06)

56.2 50.8

6. Sex Ratio (0 -6 years) Per thousand 935 924 Census 2001 927 916

7. Literacy Rate Percentage 85.0 85.0 Census 2001 64.59 56.23

8. Gender Gap In Literacy Rate

Percentage 10.0 10.0 Census 2001 21.6 26.6

9. Additional Jobs Needed In Lakh 700.0 125.0 During 2007-08

25

10. Growth Rate Of Economy Percentage 9.0 10.0 2006-07* 9.6 7.5

11. Growth Rate In Agriculture & Allied (primary)

Percentage 4.1 6.4 2006-07* 4 5.4

12. Growth Rate In Industry (Secondary)

Percentage 10.5 10.5 2006-07* 11.5 10

13. Growth Rate In Services (Tertiary)

Percentage 9.9 12.4 2006-07* 11.1 7.5

Quick estimates

68. The above table reveals that these monitorable targets primarily focus on attainment of a high economic growth rate and improvement in the indicators relating to health, nutrition and education. In order

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to achieve the targets of health, family welfare and nutrition, the State Government has taken the following new initiatives:

Improving access to health facilities as per 2001 census-establishment of PHCs, CHCs, District Hospitals.

Provision of one male Health worker and two ANMS in all sub centres.

Department to fix norms for usage of medical equipments, Operation Theatres, in-patient facilities etc.

Health Insurance scheme for all BPL families.

Establishment of 300/500 bed hospitals at seven places in the State on PPP model.

PPP models to be explored for better usage of available health infrastructure

Need for at least 20 private Medical Colleges in the State. Existing 300/500 bed hospitals of State Government can be attached to Private Medical colleges.

Provision of cooked meals in all Anganwadis.

Birth and death registration to be made compulsory.

Launching of 'Shreshta Gram Puraskar'- an award of Rs. 10 lakh to a Gram Panchayat which attains full literacy, drastically reduces malnutrition, IMR and MMR achieves full immunization, full sanitation etc 18 indicators have been prescribed for this Puraskar. Those GPs which have received Nirmal Gram Puraskar become eligible for award if they attain set goals on 18 indicators relating to health, nutrition, education, water and sanitation, bio-energy and transparency in governance.

Employment Generation

69. `On the basis of growth in the number of workers during the 55th (1999-2000) and 61th round (2004-05) of N.S.S. the total number of workers at the beginning of Eleventh Plan is estimated at around 739 lakh. During Eleventh Plan, the target is to generate 125 lakh employment opportunities. This is based on the State attaining a growth rate of 10 percent during the Plan Period. As per advance estimates prepared by Economic and Statistics Division the income growth during 2007-08 is estimated at 6.5 percent. Thus on the basis of income-employment elasticity (0.42) the likely growth in employment generation by the end of 2007-08 will be around 2.73 per cent which estimates the level of employment generation at 759 lakh by the end of 2007-08. Thus the likely sustainable employment generation during 2007-08 will be around 20 lakh. However during the Eleventh Plan under employment generation programmes State Government is giving more emphasis to Rojgar Chattri Yojna being implemented by the Rural Development Programme. Besides this NREGP has also been extended. All the districts will be covered under this programme from 2008-09 onward. If these programmes perform better then the employment generation could also go upto 25 lakh.

70. It has been observed that the data for certain health indicators is available through NFHS,RCH, RHIME and through SRS. Some data on poverty, literacy and elementary education is also available through NSS and PSMS surveys conducted by Economic and Statistics Division. The data of overall growth rate and

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growth rate in various sectors is compiled by Economic and Statistics Division adopting the methodology of the Central Statistical Organization. Keeping all these factors in mind, a comprehensive plan for monitoring the targets mentioned above has been prepared. The plan basically aims at arranging the surveys conducted by DESs in such a manner so as to make available the required data relating to monitorable targets during the 11th Plan period at regular intervals. Thus, State Government intends to keep a close watch on the monitorable targets fixed for the 11th Plan so that the State does not slip in achieving the Eleventh Plan and MDG goals. Different surveys will be conducted for monitoring the targets. The main surveys to be conducted are Poverty and Social Monitoring System ( PSMS) and Child Survey.

PART III : Sector wise Analysis

Agriculture

71. `The State contributes significantly to the agricultural performance at the national level. It contributes about one fifth of the total foodgrain production in the country which is the highest among all the states. About 34.71 % of all wheat produced in the country comes from Uttar Pradesh. Similarly, around 45% of the country's sugarcane is produced in Uttar Pradesh. Evidently, agriculture of the State has a paramount role to play in the food production and food security of the country. The contribution of U.P. in the total production of the country in respect of major crops is given below:-

Contribution of U.P. in the Food Basket of CountryName of Crops Production in Lakh tons during 2005-06 Contribution of U.P.

(In Percentage)India U.P.Total Food grain 2086.00 404.10 19.37Rice 917.90 111.30 12.13Wheat 693.50 240.70 34.71Jowar 76.30 2.40 3.15Bajra 76.80 12.50 16.28Maize 147.10 10.50 7.14Total Pulses 133.80 22.30 16.67Gram 56.00 6.60 11.79Arhar 27.40 3.80 13.87Lentil 9.90 5.00 50.15Total Oilseeds 252.90 9.40 3.72Groundnut 79.90 0.90 1.13Rapeseed/Mustard 81.30 9.10 11.19Sunflower 14.40 0.20 8.39Sugarcane 2811.70 1254.70 44.62Potato 239.10 99.90 41.78

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Plan Outlay

72. The plan outlay for Agriculture and Allied sectors since the First Five Year Plan is given in the following table:-

(Rs. In lakh)Plan Total Outlay /

ExpenditureAgriculture & Allied Sectors

Percentage

First Plan 15337 2487 16.22Second Plan 23336 2825 12.11

Third Plan 56063 5789 10.33Fourth Plan 115924 9921 8.56

Fifth Plan 287118 16350 5.69

Sixth Plan 645312 44307 6.87Seventh Plan 1194872 122678 10.27

Eighth Plan 2164246 206116 9.52

Ninth Plan 2830918 274375 9.69Tenth Plan 5485571 425126 7.75Eleventh Plan 18109400 1914637 10.57

73. An analysis of the above table shows that the outlay for Agriculture and Allied sectors which stood at 24.69 percent in the First Plan increased to 28.89 percent in the Second Plan, but thereafter it is continuously declining. During the Eleventh Five Year Plan it is expected to be 10.6 percent.

Growth Rate

74. High growth in the agriculture sector is necessary for attaining higher growth in the overall economy of the State, as also for reduction in the incidence of poverty.Thus a growth rate of 5.7 percent has been envisaged for the agriculture sector during Eleventh Plan.

Institutional Credit The per hectare share of crop loan has shown increasing trend during the Xth Five Year Plan. It

has gone up from Rs. 2051 in 2001-02 to Rs 5182 in year 2006-07.

As per the policy of G.O.I. all the farmers are to be covered under Kisan Credit Card (KCC) Scheme.195.01 lakh KCCs were distributed among the farmers till Kharif, 2007. Further Kisan Credit Card holders are also provided insurance cover upto Rs. 50,000/- under Janta Personnel accident Insurance Scheme at a nominal premium of Rs. 9.40 per year. For meeting the

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consumption need of the farmers the KCC holders are also allowed to avail 10% of their crop loan credit limits as consumption loan.

Holdings

75. As per 2000-01 Agriculture Census there is a predominance of marginal and small farmer in the State, which is 76.9 % and 14.6% of the total holdings respectively. However, this group of small and marginal farmers own only 61.2% of the total land area. Average size of holding is only 0.83 ha. per farmer. The average size of holding of marginal farmers is only 0.40 ha.

Seed

76. The seed scenario in U.P. during Tenth Five Year Plan Period has been highly encouraging in the case of cereal seeds especially the paddy and wheat. In paddy, the Seed replacement rate (SRR) has increased from 15.90 percent in 2002-03 to 20.54 percent in 2006-07 which is expected to increase to 25 percent in 2007-08. Similarly, in wheat SRR has increased from 16.42 percent in 2002-03 to 24.14 percent in 2006-07.

77. Another remarkable aspect of the seed sector is an enhanced participation of private sector in the entrepreneurial development programme. The private sector is now contributing around 25% of the total certified seeds distributed in the State. The State Seed Certification Agency is now devoting larger chunk of their time in the certification of seed grown by the private producers.

Soil Testing

78. During 2006-07, 15.33 lakh soil samples were tested. In order to improve balanced use of fertilizers based on soil testing, strengthening of soil testing laboratories will be essential. In addition to the existing 48 Soil Testing Laboratories, additional 22 have been sanctioned in 2006-07 with the aim of raising existing soil testing capacity from 15 lakh to 22 lakh. At present, only 12 Labs are equipped to handle analysis of soil samples for micronutrients. It is proposed to develop the facility of micronutrient testing in all the Soil Testing Labs of the state.

Fertilizer

79. The recommended fertilizer use is focused on N P K ratio which should be in the ideal form that is 4:2:1 when the nutrients are applied to the fields in the ratio of 4:2:1, then maximum productivity is achieved. The pattern of fertilizer consumption in the state shows that the NPK ratio is gradually narrowing. During 2001-02 the ratio was 25.2:7.6::1.0 which has tapered down to 10.7: 4.0: 1.0 indicating the efforts for balanced use of fertilizers. During 2007-08 it is estimated that the NPK ratio will be 10.71:4.40:1.0

ATMA

80. Agriculture Technology Management Agency (ATMA) has been set up in 32 districts of U.P. and it is proposed to cover the entire state in the near future. The activities of ATMA are related to agriculture

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extension. This provides a strong platform for extension activities. The targets & anti. ach. for 2007-08 are indicated in the table below:-

Item 2007-08 2007-08Target Anti.Ach.

Exposure Visit 350 350Training 1470 1470Kisan Mela 70 70Demonstration 10500 10500Reward and Incentive 350 350

Accelerating Pace of Land Development Programmes

81. Out of 120.44 lakh hectares of problematic area, 64.71 lakh hectare area has already been treated. Out of remaining 55.73 lakh hectares untreated land 32.02 lakh hectares is reclaimable. Programmes have been proposed for reclamation of degraded land. Keeping in mind, "Kisan Hit Yojna” the most ambitious, multifaceted, employment generating scheme has been proposed in Eleventh Five Year Plan.

Farmer School for strengthening farmer to farmer extension approach

82. In order to strengthen farmer-led extension approach, the State has decided to establish 813 farmer's field schools (FFS) consisting of best practicing farmers for the purpose of disseminating and sharing new knowledge with the fellow farmers of the block. During the Eleventh Five Year Plan it is proposed to develop one FFS in each Nyaya Panchayat level with proper linkage with departments, KVKs, Research Organizations ,Banks etc. This would help in arranging quality inputs as well as ensuring marketing of agri-produce at appropriate price apart from dissemination of new technology.

Food Security Mission The aforesaid mission will have three components namely; Wheat, Rice and Pulses. As per the

resolution of 53rd meeting of NDC, an additional production of Rice, Wheat and Pulses of 10 million tons, 8 million tons and 2 million tons respectively at national level by the end of Eleventh Five Year Plan is to be achieved. In U.P. 38 districts have been identified for wheat production, 19 districts for pulses production and 26 districts for production of rice.

For the year 2007-08, a plan for Rs. 65.44 crores for enhancement of wheat production and Rs. 8.41 crores for pulse production has been formulated as per the guidelines of the Government of India while Rs. 100.00 crores has been proposed for the year 2008-09.

Public Private Partnership in Agriculture

83. Contribution of private agencies in agriculture has been increasing. Presently, input providing companies as well as those involved in marketing of agriculture produce are engaged in agricultural

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extension, soil testing and several other agriculture oriented activities according to their business requirement.

84. During the Eleventh Five Year Plan there is a need to establish an extensive network between development departments, SAUs/KVKs, other Research Institutions, Private Agencies, Agri-policlinics, Farmers Field- Schools, Agri-clubs and other Trained Agriculture Graduates in such a way that all the Nyaya Panchayats (8135) and 52027 Gram Panchayats are covered and new technologies as well as quality inputs at appropriate price are available at farmers doorstep. Efforts would be made to ensure that farmers start getting appropriate price for their agri produce. Public Private Partnership can be ensured in the following areas:-

New technology through agriculture demonstration.

Organizing Kisan Melas, farmers meets, Gosthis, Crop seminars etc.

Soil testing and promotion of balanced use of fertilizers based on soil testing.

Use of IT for dissemination of technology (Network of Common service centres, E-Chou pals etc.)

Large scale availability of bio-agents and bio-pesticides such as Tricoderma, Bavaria, Tricocard, Neem oil etc.

Sale of agricultural produce at appropriate price.

Availability of other quality inputs at appropriate price.

Training of farmers and extension workers.

Development and establishment of Agri-marts on lines of Khushhali and Arial etc.

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojna

85. The aim of this national scheme is to incentivise states to draw plans for the agriculture sector more comprehensively, taking into account the agro-climatic conditions, natural resources and technology and integrating livestocks, poultry and fisheries more fully. An amount of Rs. 109.55 crore has been earmarked by Government of India for Uttar Pradesh under R.K.V.Y. for the year 2007-08.

Horticulture The growth rate of horticulture sector in the state is proposed to be increased to the level of

10.87% in the Eleventh Plan Period.

Uttar Pradesh has 16% of India's total population and produces 15% the country's vegetables production i.e. 266.06 lakh ton. Uttar Pradesh ranks second among all states in vegetable production. Major vegetables are potato, peas, sweet potato, cabbage etc. U.P. contributes 40-45% of the potato production of the country. Similarly, U.P. ranks third in fruits production among all states. Major fruits grown in the state are Mango, Guava, Banana and Litchi. The overall productivity of fruits in the state is 10.79 tons/ha against the national average of 11.9

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tons per hectare. The important spices produced in Uttar Pradesh are onion (sixth among states), turmeric, chili, Garlic, fennel, fenugreek and coriander.

There are about 34,000 food processing units established in U.P in which an amount of Rs. 2600.00 crore is invested. At present, about 2.68 lakh people are getting employment in these industries. The farmers can get remunerative price if their produce is sold in & out of the country after processing. According to the market surplus ratio a sizable potential exists in the State for the establishment of processing units.

Sugarcane Sugarcane is another important crop in the State. Almost half of the total sugarcane area in the

country is in Uttar Pradesh. The State contributes about 30 percent sugar production in the country. Besides U.P. other prominent sugarcane growing states are Maharashtra , Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Gujarat in tropical region and Punjab, Haryana and Bihar in subtropical region.

Cane production and productivity during the year 2006-07 was higher in comparison to production and productivity during 2005-06. This was due to varietal improvement programme launched by cane department for the last several years.Raising of cane seed nurseries and demonstrations on farmers’ fields was a key factor in varietal improvement programme.

The proposal is to keep the target for cane area at the lowest possible level i.e. the addition in area should be minimum and the cane requirement of the sugar factories should be met by increasing the yield per hectare.

Particulars Unit Year2006-07

Year2007-08

Year2008-09

Terminal Year of 11th

Five Year Plan

1 Cane area Lac. Ha. 26.61 28.30 27.00 27.002 Average yield Ton/ Ha. 60.00 60.60 61.00 65.003 Total sugar cane

productionLac. Ton 1590.60 1715.25 1647.00 1755.00

4 Drawl % % 48.00 55 55.00 55.005 Total cane crushed Lac. Ton 763.49 880 880.00 965.256 No. of sugar factory No. 133 134 134 1457 Crushing capacity Lac.Ton.

T.C.D6.10 7.19 7.25 6.75

8 Sugar recovery % 9.65 10.30 10.30 10.009 Total sugar

productionLac.Ton 73.00 119.62 119.62 96.52

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Animal Husbandry The growth rate of animal husbandry sector in the state is proposed to be increased to the level

of 10% in the Eleventh Plan Period.

Uttar Pradesh has a livestock population of 585.31 lakh excluding poultry as per 2003 Animal census. Poultry population is meagre at just 117.18 lakh. Further virtually nil growth has been recorded in poultry population in the State. Out of 414.65 lakh cattle & buffalo in the State, there are only about 173.82 lakh breedable animals. Out of 173.82 lakh breedable cows and buffaloes, only 117.81 lakh (68 percent) are in milk production.

U.P. stands at the top in milk production in the country by producing 173.56 lakh MT. The State is seventh in egg production (9227.87 million), fifth in wool production (14.59 lakh Kg.) and first in meat production (1983.592 lakh Kg) during 2005-06.

During the last two decades, milk production has doubled, meat production has increased three folds, egg production by two and a half times, and wool production by about 50 percent. Cows contribute 28 per cent, buffaloes 66 per cent and goats around 6 per cent of the milk produced. National milk production increased by 4.5 per cent per annum compared to 5.1 per cent per annum in U.P. The per capita availability of milk is presently about 286 grams per day.

Production estimates of different livestock products during the years 2007-08 & 2008-09 are given below:-

# Item Unit Eleventh plan2007-08 2008-09

Target Ant. Ach. Target1 Milk Lakh MT 201.17 201.17 221.282 Egg Million Nos. 894.86 894.86 984.353 Wool Lakh Kg. 21.25 21.25 21.70

Inspite of several constraints livestock insurance has become one of the most powerful instruments for mitigating economic losses in livestock sector. But there is no animal insurance cover like crop insurance in the State, which can give some relief to famers for the lots of animals die due to natural calamities such as flood, drought and epidemic out breaks. There is a proposal to extend insurance cover to livestock on the same pattern as crop insurance. The insurance of all livestock will be accelerated in consultation with general insurance authorities. Farmers will be made aware about livestock insurance and their benefits through mass and electronic media.

Dairy Development The main thrust of dairy development in the State is to supplement the income of small and

marginal farmers and landless labourers to bring about socio-economic transformation of the rural people through strengthening of cooperative structure and promoting private investment in the dairy sector.

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U.P. is the largest milk producing state of the country with an annual milk production of 11.7 million MT i.e. accounting for around 16% of the milk production of the country. Uttar Pradesh State Cooperative Milk Producers Federation at the state level, Milk unions at the district level and Milk producers cooperative societies at the village level carry out milk procurement and marketing activities in the State.

The Milk Cooperatives are currently operating in around 15 percent of revenue villages in the State. It is proposed to increase coverage to around 33 percent by end of Eleventh Plan. It is proposed to increase milk procurement in the ensuing Plan in Cooperative Dairy sector from the present level of 4.95 percent to 9.64 percent by focusing on increased procurement especially from distritcts of eastern & central Uttar Pradesh.

It is proposed to further strengthen the existing dairy cooperative societies and to organize new societies to ensure timely supply of required inputs to the producers. For raising the income of farmers, it is essential to provide them remunerative price by eliminating the middlemen. The value addition in this sector would also require capacity building in milk processing and storing for its subsequent marketing in the rural areas at remunerative price.

During the Tenth Plan (2002-07) the number of village level milk producers who have associated themselves with the cooperative net work increased from 665.43 thousand to 755.70 thousand. Against this, the average milk procurement increased from 732.15 thousand kg./day to 1044.00 thousand kg/day during the same period. The targets proposed to be reached by the end of the Eleventh Plan are given below:-

Particulars 2007 2012 Cumlative Growth (Yearly %)

Functional Societies 15063 35014 18.38

Membership (lakhs) 7.56 18.21 19.22

Avg. Milk Procurement (lakhs kg/ day) 10.44 24.23 18.34Avg. Liquid Milk City Sale (lakhs ltr./ day) 5.04 19.87 31.57

Automation and mechanization of procurement system would be taken up on priority during the XI th Plan. In the year 2007-08, 1920 VDCs’ are being provided with AMCUs. Wherever this AMCU has been setup, it has resulted in increased milk procurement, restored producers faith and increased their income. During 2008-09, 2840 VDCs’ will be provided with AMCU’s. 90% cost of AMCU will be provided as grant while 10% will be borne by societies/milk unions.

Co-operation The past few decades have witnessed substantial growth of the Cooperative sector in diverse

areas of the economy. 18342 Cooperative societies are presently registered with the Registrar of Cooperative Societies in Uttar Pradesh. These include 7479 Credit Societies, 50 District Cooperative Banks and 10 Apex Cooperatives.

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There are 7479 Cooperative Societies functioning at Nyaya Panchayat level in the State and they constitute the main point of interface between the farmers and the Cooperative Banks for disbursement of short term agricultural loans, providing them HYV seeds, pesticides, fertilizers, improved agricultural implements etc. There are 50 District Cooperative Banks which have 1353 branches. However, the data reveals that there is virtual stagnation in the functioning of the Cooperative Societies in the State.

Keeping in view the available resources with Short Term Cooperative Credit Institutions, a target for crop loan distribution of Rs. 2280 Cr. was fixed for 2007-08 against which Rs. 2531 Cr. is expected to be disbursed which is Rs. 643 Cr. more than that of last year.

A Memorandum of Understanding was signed among Government Of India, State Government and NABARD on 18th December 2006 to implement the recommendations of the revival package finalized by Government Of India for strengthening short term Cooperative Credit Structure. In this package there is provision for improving the working conditions of Short Term Cooperative Credit Structure. These institutions will also be provided financial assistance for cleaning up their balance sheets based on the financial position as on 31.3.2004 and the total financial assistance for these institutions assessed through special audit will be shared by Government Of India, State Government and Institutions based on the origin of losses.

Fisheries During the Tenth Plan, the production of fish increased from 2.49 lakh ton to 3.07 lakh ton

while the productivity increased from 2.55 ton per ha. per year to 2.85 ton per ha. per year. During the Eleventh Plan, the growth rate of this sector is to be raised from 7.4% to 13% and productivity from 2.8 t/ha/year to 4 t/ha/year. Thus during the Eleventh Plan the total fish production will increase from 2.90 lakh ton to 5.32 lakh ton.

Forest Forests plays an important role in soil and water conservation watershed management and

ground water recharge. They contribute significantly in employment generation therby helping in poverty alleviation of the masses. They provide sustenance to forest dwellers specially tribals by providing them non timber forest products, small timber, fuel wood and fodder. As per State of Forest Report 2003, percentage of Forest and Tree cover against the geographical area in the State stoods at 9.06% which is expected to increase to 11.52% at the end of Eleventh Plan.

One National Park and 24 Wild Life Sanctuaries are situated in the State covering an area of 5714 sq. kms. Development of these protected areas is primarily done through the two Centrally Sponsored Schemes namely “Project Tiger” and “Development of National Parks and Sanctuaries”.

Important activities undertaken for wildlife conservation and habitat improvement are conservation of water bodies, weed eradication, knfrastructure development & vaccination of animals in adjoining villages.

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Irrigation The irrigation facilities are provided to farmers in the State from different sources such as

canals (72450 kms), State Tube wells (28366 Nos), Major and Medium Pump Canals (27 Nos), Minor Lift Canals (243 Nos) and Reservoir (66 Nos ) / Bundhies etc.

The total irrigation potential created in the State by the year 2005-06 is to approximately 324.26 lakh ha. The large part of it (241.84 lakh ha.) is through minor irrigation projects where as, only 82.42 lakh ha. is irrigated through large and medium irrigation projects. However only 64.55% of this created potential is being utilized.

The total irrigated area of state is 131.19 lakh ha. The source wise Irrigation status, as indicated in the table below, shows that Canal irrigation provides irrigation facilities to only 26.92 lakh hectares, which is about 20.5 percent of net irrigated area. State Tube wells account for just 3 percent of net irrigated area.

(In lakh ha.)

S. N. Irrigation Source Area Percentage

(NAS)

Percentage

(Irrigated)

Net Area Sown 166.83

1 Canal 26.92 16.13 20.52

2 State Tube-wells 3.83 2.30 2.92

3 Private Tube-wells 89.96 53.92 68.57

4 Other Sources 10.48 6.28 7.99

Net Irrigated Area 131.19 78.63

Area irrigated by canals has been continually declining over the years. Further, water use efficiency in most irrigation systems is low in the range of 30-40 percent as against an ideal value of 60 percent. It is 80 percent in the major & medium irrigation against 61 percent in minor irrigation.

The ground water (quantitatively and qualitatively) is depleting at a fast rate in many areas due to over-exploitation, some other areas are affected by water logging, resulting in soil degradation due to shallow water table. Excessive use of chemicals in the field also contributes to declining water quality. Hence the programmes of ground water development are being planned in such a way, so as to provide a permanent and sustainable solutions to the ground water problems in the State.

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Poverty Alleviation and Employment

86. The NSSO has released the results of the latest sample survey data on household consumer expenditure (NSS 61st round), covering the period between July 2004 to June 2005. From this data, two different consumption distributions for the year 2004-05 have been obtained. The first one is obtained from the consumption data collected using 30-day recall period (also known as reference period) for all the items. The other distribution is obtained from the consumer expenditure data collected using 365 day recall period for five less frequently purchased non-food items namely, clothing, footwear, durable goods, education and institutional medical expenses and 30-day recall period for the remaining items. These two consumption distributions have been termed as Uniform recall Period (URP) consumption distribution and Mixed Recall Period (MRP) consumption distribution respectively. The Planning Commission, using the Expert Group methodology has estimated poverty in 2004-05 using both distributions.

87. The release also gives the percentage population and the number of people living below the poverty line for all India. The comparison between all India and UP is given below on the basis of MRP and URP consumption distribution in NSS 61st round:

Persons and percentage below the PL on the basis of MRP consumption (NSS 61st round; 2004-05)

Place No. of people living below the Poverty Line (in lakh)

Percentage from the total population

Rural Urban Rural+

Urban

Rural Urban Rural+

Urban

UP 357.68 100.47 458.15 25.3 26.3 25.5

India 1702.99 682.00 2384.99 28.8 21.7 21.8

Persons and percentage below the PL on the basis of URP consumption (NSS 61st round; 2004-05)

Place No. of people living below the Poverty Line (in lakh)

Percentage from the total population

Rural Urban Rural+

Urban

Rural Urban Rural+

Urban

UP 473.00 117.03 590.03 33.40 30.60 32.80

India 2209.24 807.96 3017.20 28.30 25.70 27.50

Sub-state level estimates based on NSS state sample data-

88. Region wise poverty estimates for the year 2004-05 were prepared on the basis of data collected in NSS state sample 61st round and is given below-

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Table-3: Regional Trends in Poverty: Head Count Ratio (Uttar Pradesh) 1993-2005Region & Sector 1993-94 1999-2000 1999-2000

(Adj)2004-05 (MRP)

2004-05 (URP)

Rural1-Western 29.3 21.7 22.5 19.11 24.652-Central 50.2 42.2 43 24.18 27.763-Eastern 48.8 36.4 40.3 31.94 37.974-Bundelkhand 67.4 20.9 38.1 14.37 16.83Uttar Pradesh 42.3 31.1 33.7 25.45 30.74Urban1-Western 31.1 30 30.5 26.81 30.922-Central 33.9 33.4 30 21.16 30.553-Eastern 38.6 31.1 33.7 37.19 41.684-Bundelkhand 74.4 40.9 38.1 28.54 27.28Uttar Pradesh 35.1 30.7 30.4 27.82 32.88

The above data also reveals the declining trend in poverty.

Sharp reduction in poverty

89. The data given in Table-4 shows that during the period from 1993-94 to 2004-05 for URP consumption basis and from 1999-2000 to 2004-05 for MRP consumption basis, the average percentage reduction in poverty per year in the state UP were 0.73 percent and 1.13 percent respectively. Estimated percentage of population below poverty line is given in table 4-

Table 4: Estimated reduction in poverty (%)Year Estimated population below poverty line (%)

URP Basis MRP Basis2004-05 32.80 25.502006-07 31.34 23.242011-12 27.69 17.59

90. At the end of 11th Plan, estimated population below poverty line on the basis of current rate of reduction will be 27.69% and 17.59% on the basis of URP and MRP respectively. Planning Commission, Govt. of India has fixed the target to reduce poverty to 15% by the end of 11 th Plan. For achieving this sharp reduction in poverty, it is necessary to achieve a reduction rate of 2.54 percent and 1.50 percent on the basis of URP and MRP per year.

Employment

91. According to 1991 Census, the number of total workers in the State were 419.84 lakh (excluding Uttranchal) which increased to 539.84 lakh (excluding Uttranchal) in 2001. The annual growth of total workers between 1991-2001 was recorded at 2.55 per cent. It is to be pointed out that annual growth during

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1981-1991, was 2.78 percent (including Uttranchal). It means employment growth is decreasing but the number of workers is increasing. The annual growth of total workers, main and marginal is shown in table-5:

Table-5 : Category wise no. of workers

(in lakh)Category Total workers Growth of the workers

1981* 1991** 2001** 1981-91* 1991-01**Mainworkers 323.97 388.81 393.38 2.47 0.12Marginal workers 16.55 31.03 146.46 7.58 16.79Total workers 340.52 419.84 539.84 2.78 2.55

* Including Uttaranchal ** Excluding Uttaranchal

92. Out of the total workers, the share of marginal workers has shown an increasing trend. This percentage among the total wokers in 1981, 1991 and 2001 was 5 percent, 8 percent and 27 percent respectively. Due to paucity of full time work, a large number of workers have shifted to marginal categories in 2001.

Category-Wise Distribution Of Workers

93. The data thrown up by different rounds of NSS also show an increasing trend in self employment and a definite trend of increase is found in the proportion of casual workers in the last more than a decade. But it declined drastically in last five years from 20.93 in 1999-2000 to 16.87 in 2004-05. However, the share of regular workers is increasing from annual growth rate of 2.39 per cent between 1987-88 and 1999-2000 to 3.52 percent between 1993-94 and 2004-05. -

Table-6: Percentage Distribution of Workers by Category of Employment

(Fig. in lakh)Category ofEmployment

1987-8843rd round

1993-9450th round

1999-200055th round

2004-0561th round

Self 259.30(71.95) 337.66(71.69) 381.06(69.41) 489.87(74.11)Regular 33.28(9.27) 40.88(8.68) 57.98(10.56) 59.62(9.02)Casual 67.42(18.78) 92.46(19.63) 109.96(20.03) 111.51(16.87)Total 359.00(100.00) 471.00(100.00) 549.00(100.00) 661.00(100.00)

Note: Percentage is shown in bracket

94. From the above table, it is clear that due to various government efforts and self employment programmes, self employment percentage is continuously increasing except for the period from 1993-94 to 1999-2000 when this percentage has slightly declined.

[ 43 ]

Unemployment Rate

95. Unemployment is the biggest problem in the State which has economic implications. Any discussion on the labour force would, therefore, remain incomplete without some reference to the problem of unemployment. The different rounds of NSS give the unemployment situation in the State. Unemployment rate as percentage of labour force by daily status during different rounds is given below :-

Table-7: Unemployment Rate For Current Daily StatusRounds Rural Urban43rd (1987-88) 3.2 5.050th (1993-94) 3.1 4.855th (1999-2000) 3.6 6.261st (2004-05) 3.7 6.3

96. The unemployment rate from 43rd to 61st round of NSS shows an increasing trend except the 50th round . The unemployment rates in 43rd, 50th, 55th and 61st round was 3.73,3.70 ,4.47 and 4.61 percent respectively. The NSS approach is directly related to intensity in terms of work and not to wages for employment.

97. According to 61st round of NSS, the current daily status approach yielded the unemployment rate of 4.61 per cent in the age group of 15-59 years. This rate has been applied for estimating the backlog of unemployment at the beginning of the Annual Plan 2008-09. On the basis of this rate, backlog of unemployment at the beginning of the Annual Plan 2008-09 is estimated at about 31 lakh persons.

Under Employment

98. The problem of under employment is primarily in the agriculture sector. Therefore, eradication of this gigantic problem poses major challenges. The growing pressure of population on land or the inability to expand the land area under cultivation at the same rate as the population or the labour force tends to raise the proportion of agricultural labourers.

99. Economic backwardness, illiteracy and limited mobilization are the main reasons which force the rural people to live below the poverty line, though they are treated as employed according to the definitions of Census and National Sample Surveys. There are 147 lakh marginal workers out of which 112 lakh are engaged in agriculture sector who are defined as under employed. On this basis, the total under employed in the State would be about 112 lakh.

The Strategy

100. The aforesaid situation underlines the need of formulating a suitable strategy and a consistent action plan to fight poverty and unemployment. The wage share in the organized sector is almost stagnant between 21.0 & 22.0 lakh during the last five years (2002-07). One reason for this is increasing capital intensity of the organized sector. Another reason is outsourcing. This issue has to be investigated in a more detailed manner to find out ways and means for increasing employment opportunities in this and other sectors. A very large number of people especially the poor lack access to income generating productive assets and this

[ 44 ]

hinders their ability to sustain themselves through pure self-employment .In order to make growth more inclusive ,it is vital that the poor have access to productive assets with which they can generate income at least to fetch their basic needs. Economic growth should also generate sufficient demand for wage labour in different sectors, so that those who can not be self employed are employed at decent wages.

101. Various poverty alleviation and employment generation schemes which targeted individuals could not deliver desired results. However, schemes like SGSY, which used self help group of poor people as base have shown comparatively better and encouraging results. But here also the state has serious limitation. NSSO's recent survey has revealed that only 1% farmer households are member of self help groups or registered farmers associations. The situation therefore, calls for genuine effort for formation of more and more active self help groups to enable the poor to have productive assets through such schemes which can free them from the clutches of professional moneylenders who still dominate the lending process.

102. The State Government proposes to take active steps to achieve the goal of providing employment to 125 lakh persons during the Eleventh Plan .This would involve a mix of employment in self employment programmes such as SGSY, PMRY etc., wage employment schemes such as NREGP, filling up of vacancies in Government sectors especially Health, Education, PWD, Irrigation ,Animal Husbandry etc.

103. The focus of efforts being made by the State Government during the Eleventh Plan period will be in the nature of steps to address labour demand ,labour supply and labour law eco-system ,so that the problem of unemployment is comprehensively addressed.

Social Security

Development of Scheduled Castes

104. Uttar Pradesh has the largest population of Scheduled Castes in the country comprising of 66 castes. According to 2001 census, the total population of the state is 1661.98 lakh, out of which 351.48 lakh, (21.1%) belong to Scheduled Castes. The proportion of total state’s population to country’s population is 16.2 percent whereas the proportion of Scheduled Caste population is 21.1 percent. The trend in growth of Scheduled Caste population vis-à-vis total population of the State is given in the following table :-

Trend in the growth of Scheduled Caste population (Population in lakh)

Year Total Population

Scheduled Caste

Population

Scheduled Caste Population as Percentage

of Total Population

Decennial GrowthTotal Scheduled Castes

1971 0883.41 185.49 21.00 19.78 20.451981 1108.62 234.53 21.16 25.49 26.441991 1391.12 292.76 21.04 25.48 24.832001 1661.98 351.48 21.15 25.85 25.33

[ 45 ]

105. It is clear from the above table that decadal growth in Scheduled Caste population from 1991 to 2001 was 25.33 percent which was a little less than the corresponding growth of 25.85 percent in total population in the State, this is a healthy trend.

Economic Status of Scheduled Castes

106. Majority of the Scheduled Caste population lives in rural areas. The poverty ratio, size of the land holding, occupational classification and number of main workers and pattern are important parameters to judge the rural economy. Most of the SC families are still living below the poverty line and also majority of then are engaged in low wages and even obnoxious and degraded occupations like sweeping and scavenging. Their skill base is rather weak. Uttar Pradesh lags behind the all India average in terms of percentage population of SCs living below poverty line in rural & urban areas as shown in the following table.

Percentage of Population below poverty line for 1993-94 & 1999-2000

1993-94 1999-2000States Rural Urban Rural Urban

SC All SC All SC All SC All

1 Andhra Pradesh 26.02 15.92 43.82 38.33 16.49 11.14 41.42 26.532 Assam 45.38 45.01 14.34 7.73 44.00 40.20 19.99 7.473 Bihar 70.66 58.21 55.16 34.50 59.81 44.22 51.91 32.954 Gujarat 32.26 22.18 44.99 27.89 17.77 13.17 29.13 15.595 Haryana 46.56 28.02 23.58 16.38 19.03 8.27 25.38 9.996 Himachal Pradesh 36.89 30.34 18.52 9.18 13.15 7.94 6.74 4.637 Karnataka 46.36 29.88 61.59 40.14 26.22 17.36 47.01 25.258 Kerala 36.43 25.76 31.59 24.55 14.64 9.38 24.15 20.279 Madhya Pradesh 45.83 40.64 65.00 48.38 41.29 37.09 54.24 38.5410 Maharashtra 51.64 37.93 52.56 35.15 33.27 23.82 39.88 26.9111 Orissa 48.95 49.72 47.45 41.64 51.83 48.13 70.59 43.1312 Punjab 22.08 11.95 27.96 11.35 12.39 6.44 11.30 5.8013 Rajasthan 38.38 26.46 48.63 30.49 19.62 13.65 41.82 19.8514 Tamil Nadu 44.05 32.48 61.50 39.77 32.59 20.55 44.94 22.1715 Uttar Pradesh 58.99 42.28 58.02 35.39 43.65 31.22 43.51 30.9016 West Bengal 45.29 40.80 37.73 22.41 35.10 31.82 28.15 14.8617 All India 48.11 37.27 49.48 32.36 36.25 27.11 38.47 23.65

107. Higher incidence of poverty among Scheduled Castes in the State is a cause of concern and needs to be arrested on priority basis. As per existing policy, the outlays for Eleventh Five Year Plan 2007-12 and Annual Plans 2007-08 and 2008-09 for the State and their corresponding share in Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan in proportion to Scheduled Caste population are proposed as given below:-

[ 46 ]

Table 3: State Plan Outlays and Outlays under SCSP

(Rs. in crore)Period Total Outlay of

Uttar PradeshOutlay

earmarked for SCSP

Per-cent SCSP Outlay against State Outlay

1 2 3 4Eleventh Five Year Plan 2007-12 181094.00 38301.00 21.15Annual Plan 2007-08 25000.00 5287.00 21.15Annual Plan 2008-09 32000.00 6768.00 21.15

Strategy

108. In order to achieve the objectives, the State Government brought about significant policy changes for the implementation of Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan during the Ninth Five Year Plan, according to which, the Planning Department has been providing outlays under the SCSP proportion to the Scheduled Caste population in the State. During the Tenth Five Year Plan, Social Welfare Department has been nominated as the nodal department for formulation, co-ordination and monitoring of Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan. To ensure that the funds allocated under Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan are not divertible, a separate grant has been provided in the State budget. With a view to ensure proper coordination, a committee under the Chairmanship of Social Welfare Commissioner has also been setup comprising of Principal Secretaries of Finance, Social Welfare and Planning department, to prepare and monitor implementation of SCSP.

109. In order to ensure maximum benefits of Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan reach the people belonging to this category, The State Government has further strengthened its approach in the following manner-

Such present continuing schemes, which provide cent-percent benefit to the community belonging to Scheduled Castes, total outlay involved in the scheme will be included under Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan.

For providing infrastructure facilities in Ambedker Villages, only 50 percent of the amount spent has been allowed to be included in Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan.

For providing infrastructure facilities for development of Scheduled Castes, cent-percent outlay will be included under Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan.

The General Schemes, in which no special emphasis is given or no provision has been made for the upliftment of Scheduled Caste as such not providing direct benefit to them, the outlay involved in such schemes will not be included under Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan.

For any other general schemes aimed at benefiting 21% or more population of SC only additional percentage of outlay over & above 21% would be counted towards SCSP. Such schemes would be thoroughly scrutinized before providing approval. State Planning Department will provide lump-sum outlay from total State Plan outlay for Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan in actual proportion of Scheduled Caste population and place the same at the disposal of Social Welfare Department. Social Welfare Department is the nodal department for

[ 47 ]

formulation and monitoring of Five Year Plan and Annual Plan of Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan. Finance Department issues sanctions of the budgeted amount under Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan on the recommendation of Commissioner Social Welfare and Principal Secretary, Social Welfare. Principal Secretary, Social Welfare is fully empowered to allocate outlay, issue financial sanctions and approve reallocation/re-appropriation of outlay/budget under Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan.

Mainly those schemes relating to creation of Socio-economic infrastructure, employment generation and economic development which directly benefit the SC's groups would be included in SCSP.

Development of Scheduled Tribes

110. Total population of Scheduled Tribes in the State was 1.99 lakh in 1971which increased to 2.33 lakh in 1981 and further to 2.88 lakh in 1991. The compounded annual rate of growth in their population was 1.6 percent during 1971-81 which increased to 2.1 percent during 1981-91. These rates of growth are lower than the rates of growth of general population as well as that of Scheduled Castes. As per 1991 census, 2.71 lakh (94.1 percent) people of total Scheduled Tribes population reside in rural areas whereas, 0.17 lakh (5.9 percent) reside in urban areas. The number of Scheduled Tribe females per thousand of Scheduled Tribe males is 910, which is far above the number of Scheduled Caste and general females per thousand of respective males. As per 2001 census, the Scheduled Tribe population in Uttar Pradesh is about 1.08 lakh.

111. Total population of Scheduled Tribe according to departmental survey conducted in 2004 is 11,94737. However the outlays for Eleventh Five Year Plan 2007-12 and Annual Plan 2007-08 are allocated on the basis of 2001 Census.

Population of Scheduled Tribe according to different Censuses

(Population in lakh)

Year Total Population

Scheduled Tribes Population

S.T. Population as Percentage of Total

Population

1971 883.41 1.99 0.23

1981 1108.62 2.33 0.21

1991 1391.12 2.88 0.21

2001 1661.98 1.08 0.06

[ 48 ]

112. The poverty ratio of Scheduled Tribes population and total population at national and state level is given below in table :-

Scheduled Tribes Population below Poverty line

(Percentage)Year U.P. India

Rural Urban Rural Urban1993-1994 Total 42.28 35.39 37.27 32.36

Scheduled Tribes

37.11 36.89 51.94 41.14

1999-2000 Total 31.22 30.90 27.11 23.65Scheduled Tribes

34.06 13.27 45.86 34.75

113. The Eleventh Plan lays special emphasis on bringing them above poverty line and into the main stream with equal social and economic status with other sections of population. As per existing policy, the Eleventh Five Year Plan 2007-12 and Annual Plan 2007-08 outlays for the State and their share in Tribal Sub-Plan in proportion to Scheduled Tribe population are proposed as given below :-

Table 6: State Plan Outlays and Outlays Under TSP

(Rs. in crore)Period Total Outlay of

Uttar PradeshOutlay

earmarked for TSP

Per-cent TSP Outlay against State Outlay

1 2 3 4Eleventh Five Year Plan 2007-12 181094.00 144.88 0.08Annual Plan 2007-08 25000.00 20.00 0.08Annual Plan 2008-09 32000.00 22.00 0.07

Strategy Substantial reduction in poverty and un-employment,

Creation of productive assets in favor of Scheduled Tribes to sustain the growth likely to accrue through development efforts,

Diversification of the economy to have an optimal mix of development by providing adequate opportunities almost in all the sectors of the economy,

Human resource development by providing adequate educational and health services and

Provision of physical and financial security against all types of exploitation and oppression,

[ 49 ]

National Social Assistance Programme

114. Government of India has declared this scheme as "INDIRA GANDHI RASHTRIYA VIRIDDHAWASTHA PENSION YOJNA.'' Under this scheme, all old aged persons above the age of 65 years (State Government is covering all old aged persons of 60 years or above under Kisan Pension Yojana) living below poverty line will be eligible for pension. Pension will be provided at the rate of Rs.300/- per month. An outlay of Rs. 76470.00 lakh has been proposed for the INDIRA GANDHI RASHTRIYA VIRIDDHAWASTHA PENSION YOJNA and Kisan Pension Yojana to benefit about 40.00 lakh persons during the Annual Plan 2008-09.

115. National Family Benefit Programme : This scheme assists the aggrieved families after their earning member’s death in the age group of 18-64 years of age, who are living below poverty line by providing them a lump-sum grant of Rs. 10000/- per family.

116. An Outlay of Rs. 930.00 Lakh has been proposed for this scheme for the Annual Plan 2008-09

Welfare of Backward Classes The population of other backward castes is about 54 percent of the total population of the state.

This segment of population is socially, educationally and economically backward and needs special attention in respect of their development.

Distribution of scholarship to OBC students will continue to be a major scheme during the 11 th

Plan. Nearly two crore OBC students are covered every year. A sizeable proportion of the same will be covered with Non Plan funds as the existing level of funding as on 2006-07 has been transferred to Non-Plan side.Scheme 11th Plan (2007-2012) Year 2007-08

Proposed Outlay

Achievement(anticipated)

Proposed Outlay

Achievement(anticipated)

Prematric Scholarship

110000.00 44700344 26816.82 7321804

Postmatric Scholarship

7500.00 102288 500.00 19157

Total 117500.00 44802632 27316.82 7340961

Welfare of Minorities According to the Census of 2001, the total population of Uttar Pradesh is 1661.98 lakhs which

is 16.2 % of the total population of India. The total population of minorities in U.P. is 321.40 lakh, which is 19.33 % of U.P.'s Population. It is also to be noted that the minority population in UP constitutes 18.81 % of the total population of India. Six religious groups viz. Muslims. Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists Parsis and Jains come under the category of religious minorities which constitute more than 18% of total population of the state.

[ 50 ]

According to 2001 census, the population of minority communities is more than 20% of the total population in the 21 districts of the state. These districts have been declared as minority concentration districts.

Under Pre-matric Scholarship scheme financial assistance is given to the students of minority community belonging to pre-matric classes with a view to check school drop-out rate among them and to encourage their educational upliftment. The scholarships are provided to the wards of only those persons whose annual income is below poverty line. For the year 2007-08, the approved outlay is Rs.196.00 Lakh for 15281 beneficiaries. An outlay of Rs. 196 Lakh has been proposed for this Scheme in Annual Plan 2008-09.

Post matric scholarship scheme has been introduced from 2004-2005 onwards to benefit post matric students belonging to the Minority community. Certain restrictions have been imposed including below poverty line income limit of the guardian. This scholarship is for only those students of post-matric classes who are studying in recognized institutions of Uttar Pradesh. For the Year 2007-08 approved outlay is Rs. 250.00 Lakh for 15281 beneficiaries and for the financial Year 2008-09 the proposed out lay is Rs. 474.00 Lakh for 28973 beneficiaries.

Grant is given by the State to meet the salary cost of teaching/non teaching staff of the Arbi Farsi Madarasas which are providing education from primary to degree level to students of the minority community in Arabic/Persian medium.

With a view to provide technical training to the youths of minority community to make them technically qualified and self reliant to start their own business, the scheme of Mini ITI’s in madarasas is being implemented.

An Outlay of Rs. 2684.60 Lakh has been proposed for the Annual Plan 2008-09 for minorities welfare.

Women’s Empowerment

117. The following strategy is being adopted for empowerment of women :

To develop sensitivity among the people which will in turn lead to change in the attitude of people towards women.

To ensure effective implementation of the right of women mentioned in the constitution of India.

To ensure the participation of women in the decision making process.

To develop self confidence and ensure a more respectable position for women in the society.

To ensure the development of women in such a way that they are able to utilize the resources to the best of their capabilities.

To take steps to bring about a change in the attitude of the society towards participation of women in economic decisions.

To prevent the violence and torture against women.

[ 51 ]

To ensure empowerment of women, protect them against violence and to strive for mainstreaming women with the society.

Strengthening of womens’ self-help groups.

Roads and Bridges

118. In the roads and bridges sector, against an outlay of Rs.6008.16 crore, the expenditure incurred was Rs.7806.58 crore during the Tenth Plan. During the Tenth Plan, 907.275 Kms length of roads has been upgraded to NH.39.60 kms of Major District Roads were upgraded to State Highways during the year 2002-03, and 56.98 kms of Other District Roads have been up graded to MDR category in the year 2006-07.

Item Unit Xth Plan (2002-07)

XI Plan

Target

2007-08 2008-09

Target Achievement

Target Anticip. Ach

Target

1. Construction of new roadsReconstruction/ conversion to state single lane

Kms

Kms

9236 18806 12336

15000

4951 4951 6445

2. Strengthening/ widening of SH/ MDR/ODR

Kms 1395 4094 18289 2032 2032 2692

3. Bridges Nos 216 408 207 40 76 634. ROBs Nos 10 16 34 2 4 25. EAP

-Upgradation - Strengthening (Rehabilitation)-Major Bridges

KmsKms

7702200

223919

1741501

3

150500

150500

100300

Status of Village Connectivity

(No.)Total No. of Villages (2001 census) as per diary 2006

Villages connected as on 31.3.07

XIth Plan Target

2007-08

2008-09

Target Anticip. Ach.

Target

97942 60084 10960 1374 2460 2500

[ 52 ]

Status of connectivity of habitations

119. At the advent of the Eleventh Plan, out of a total of 1,70,004 habitations of the State, only 1,20,444 habitations were connected according to PMGSY standards, thus leaving 49560 (29.15%) habitations unconnected (428 habitations of more than 1000; 4254 habitations of population between 500 to 999; 19604 habitations of population between 250 to 499 and 25274 habitations of less than 250 population). Out of these 958 habitations (428 habitations of more than 1000; 208 habitations of population between 500 to 999; 196 habitations of population between 250 to 499 and 126 habitations of less than 250 population) are anticipated to be connected during 2007-08 through PMGSY. A target of connecting 1193 habitations has kept for the year 2008-09 by UPRRDA.

Construction of Railway Over Bridges

120. Construction of fly overs at Etawah, Bareilly, Allahabad (Sirsa Mandi), and widening of Ghaziabad (Mohan Nagar) ROB is likely to be completed during 2007-08. Construction of overhead bridges at Railway Crossing No. 129A in Deoria and at Railway crossing No. 26B/T-2 in Jyotiba Phule Nagar is proposed during the year 2008-09.During 2006-07 88 major bridges have been completed and 76 major bridges are likely to be completed during the year 2007-08.

Construction of Ganga Expressway project on Public Private Partnership Model

121. The Ganga Expressway Project was launched in 2007. The project aims to construct a 1047 km access controlled eight-laned expressway running along the Ganga river connecting Greater Noida to Ballia thus under Public-private partnership model entailing an investment of the order of about Rs. 40,000 crores.

Energy

Targets for 11th Plan Reduction in AT&C losses to the level of 15%.

Increase in PLF of state generating utilities to 85%.

Electrification of all villages and hamlets.

Generation capacity addition of 10000 MW.

Increase in the supply of electricity and strengthening and augmentation of transmission and distribution system.

122. In the last 55 years the growth of power sector is depicted in the following tables.Transmission & Distribution lines (Ckt.Km.)

As on 800KV 400KV 220KV 132KV 66KV 33KV 11KV L.T.31.3.51 - - - - 473 1426 6620 82031.3.07 409 4259 6669 10282 3139 30226 214820 240676

[ 53 ]

Transmission & Distribution Sub-stations ( No./MVA)

As on 800KV 400KV 220KV 132KV 66&33KV

31.03.1951 - - - - NA

31.03.2006 - 14/7930 48/12570 214/15755 1903/16277

Generating Capacity

As on Installed Capacity in MW

Thermal Hydel

31.03.1951 161 26

31.03.2007 3987 526.1

123. Per Capita consumption of electricity is treated as a strong indicator of development of a society. As per CEA report per capita consumption in U.P. during F.Y. 2005-06 is 208.65 Kwh against all India average of 428.57 Kwh.

Year wise PLF of Thermal Power Houses during Tenth Plan Period :

2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07

PLF % 61.18 60.23 57.54 57.00 60.15

APDRP

124. In the 10th Plan, a provision of Rs 1512.20 Crore was made for improvement of distribution system in Urban areas under the scheme of Government of India called APDRP . During the 10 th Plan period only 36 schemes amounting to Rs 1091 Crore for 29 District of U.P. have been sanctioned by the GOI. Initially 50 % was to be financed by Government of India but later on it was revised and reduced to 25% only. Till 31st March 2007 Rs. 293 Crore was sanctioned by GOI, the remaining amount of admissible assistance would be utilised in 2007-08. A sample study of AT&C losses revealed that the implementation of the scheme has resulted in reduction of losses varying from 15% to 8%.

Annual Plan 2007-08

125. The energy sector still needs major reforms all over the country and U.P. is not an exception. We still need to improve our plant load factor, check on theft of electricity, reduction of T&D losses, consumer identification through GIS, proper billing and consumer services, which include quantitative and reliable power supply & fulfillment of quantitative requirement.

[ 54 ]

126. Plan outlay & Tentative Expenditure for annual Plan 2007-08 is as below :

(Rs. in lacs)Sl.No. Particulars Outlay from

Budget supportInternal Resource

Total Outlay

Anticipated Expenditure

UPRVUNL 100600.00 1465.00 102065.00 102065.00UPJVNL 1100.00 50.00 1150.00 1150.00UPPCL 198536.52 5843.00 204379.52 250637.38THDC 10000.00 .... 10000.00 10000.00GRAND TOTAL 310236.52 7358.00 317594.52 363852.38

Annual Plan 2008-09

127. Since the beginning of XI Plan in the year 2007 stress has been given to enhance the generation and reduce T&D losses. U.P. has already taken steps for addition in generation capacity to the extent of 10000 MW.

Generation Capacity Addition

State Sector 2x250 MW Parichha TPS Extn. – Work in Progress.

2x250 MW Harduaganj TPS Extn. – Work in Progress.

2x500 MW Anpara-D TPS – LOI for BOP has been issued.

Joint Sector 2x660 MW Meja Themal Power Station in Distt. Allahabad in joint venture with NTPC for

which MOU has been signed.

We have planned to start activity for 2x800 MW capacity Thermal Power Station in Obra in joint venture with BHEL.

Plan to setup 4000 MW Ultra Mega Power Project in Bundelkhand region.

Private Sector 2x300 MW Roja TPS – Work in Progress.

4x82.5 MW Srinagar Hydro – Work in Progress.

2x500 MW Anpara-C TPS – Work in Progress.

3x660 MW Bara TPS – RFP being issued and LOI will be issued by March '08

2x660 MW Karchhana TPS - RFP being issued and LOI will be issued by March '08

[ 55 ]

Hydro Generation

128. During the year 2008-09, renovation & modernization works already taken up at Rihand (300 MW), Obra (99 MW) & Matatila (30 MW) will continue. Since, State Government’s share for R&M works of Rihand Power Station has been received by the end of 10th plan, no outlay is now being proposed for these works at Rihand Power Station. For R&M works of Obra an outlay of Rs.200.00 lacs, for R&M works of Matatila an outlay of Rs. 100.00 lacs have been proposed. For R&M works of Power Houses situated on U.G.C. an outlay of Rs. 750.00 lacs has been proposed for initial construction activities of new power stations near the existing locations, with higher capacities (Nirgazini – 7 MW, Chittaura – 5.5 MW, Salawa – 4.5 MW & Bhola – 5.0 MW). Accordingly, a total outlay of Rs. 1150.00 lacs has been proposed for the year 2008-09 for the above mentioned activities by U.P. Jal Vidyut Nigam Ltd.

Transmission Works

Normal Development Works

129. Due to increase in demand of electricity some of the sub-stations/lines are overloaded. To meet this demand it is essential to increase the capacity of the sub-stations and to create new sub-stations and lines.

Physical Targets For Annual Plan 2008-09Transmission Works

Item Unit Target

A. Construction of Lines

  400 KV Lines CKT Km. 225.00

  220 KV Lines CKT Km. 868.00

  132 KV Lines CKT Km. 502.5

B. Construction of New Sub-stations

  400 KV Nos (MVA)

  220 KV Nos (MVA) 8/1880

  132 KV Nos (MVA) 17/740

C. Augmentation of Sub-stations

  400 KV Nos (MVA) 2/390

  220 KV Nos (MVA) 15/930

[ 56 ]

  132 KV Nos (MVA) 49/1169.5

Secondary Transmission & Distribution Works(66 Kv And Below)

130. In order to provide effective and reliable power supply, the development of requisite network of Secondary Transmission & Distribution is of paramount importance. It is from these networks that the majority of electricity connections are given. This network constitutes a vital link between Extra High Voltage Transmission (132 KV & above) and the ultimate consumers. Therefore, for maintaining satisfactory supply conditions, continuous strengthening of this vital link commensurate with the growth in load assumes importance.

Physical Targets for Distribution Works for Annual Plan 2008-09

. Description of works Unit Target

2008-09

A : 33 KV Works

(i) New 33 KV Lines Ckt. Kms 1680.00

(ii) New 33 KV Sub-Stations Nos./MVA 150/750

(iii) Augmentation of Sub-Station Nos./MVA 250/750

B : 11 KV & LT Works

(i) 11 KV Lines Ckt. Kms 1200.00

(ii) L.T. Lines Ckt. Kms 500.00

(iii) Strengthening of 11 KV Kms. 1000.00

(iv) Strengthening of L.T. lines by Aerial Bunched Conductor

Kms. 9500.00

(v) Distribution S/S (New) Nos./MVA 1000/250

(vi) Distribution S/S (I/C) Nos./MVA 3000/375

(vii) Installation of 11 KV Capacitors MVAR 42.00

(viii)

Renovation and modernization of switchgear (11KV switchgear)

Nos. 2000

(ix) Sectionalizing of Rural and Urban feeder for system improvement. Segregation of rural (domestic, commercial & industrial load from PTW & state

No. of districts

8

[ 57 ]

. Description of works Unit Target

2008-09

tubewell) loads in 70 districts.

APDRP

131. Restructured APDRP scheme for improvement of distribution system including reduction in AT& C losses has been framed by GOI for which a provision of 100 crores has been made in 2008-09. The scheme will be implemented after detailed guidelines are issued from GOI.

RE works

132. Under Rajiv Gandhi Gramin Vidyutikaran Yojna, the following physical & financial targets have been proposed:

Task Year 2008-09Physical(Nos.) Financial(Cr.)

Electrification of un-electrified hamlets 16818 841Strengthening of Distribution system under RGGVY for providing electricity to all BPL household

14440 289

Electrification of the villages electrified as per CEA 4861 340Providing electricity to all rural households including free connection to BPL households

600000 180

Total 1650

Investment Plan & Plan Outlay Proposed For 2008-09 Rs. Crs.

Item Total Investment

Through Plan Outlay

Outside Plan

1 U.P. Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Ltd.

4849.86 2018.70 2831.16

2 U.P. Jal Vidyut Nigam Ltd. 110.50 11.50 99.003 U.P. Power Corporation Ltd. 3951.45 2587.59 1363.864 Tehri Hydro Project 15.40 15.40

GRAND TOTAL : 8927.21 4633.19 4294.02

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Urban Infrastructure, Housing, Water Supply and Sanitation

Urban Infrastructure

133. The present pace of urbanization has resulted in tremendous pressure on civic infrastructure drainage, sewerage, water supply, uncollected solid waste in parks and open spaces, transport, etc. It has also led to deterioration in the quality of the city environments. To overcome these problems a nation wide mission programme "Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM)" has been launched which consists of four components viz.,

UIG focuses attention on integrated development of infrastructure services in the cities. Under this sub Mission major infrastructure projects like sanitation, sewerage, solid waste management, road network, urban transport and redevelopment of inner (old) city areas are taken up.

BSUP focuses attention on integrated development of Basic Services to the Urban Poor in the cities. Through this sub Mission integrated development of slums through projects for providing shelter, basic services and other related civic amenities with a view to provide utilities to the urban poor are taken up.

UIDSSMT aims at the improvement of urban infrastructure of small cities.

IHSDP aims at ameliorating the conditions of the urban slum dwellers who do not possess adequate shelter and reside in dilapidated houses.

134. The Mission strategy under JNNURM Programme involves Private participation in development, management and financing of Urban Infrastructure. The financial assistance under this programme comes from Govt. of India in the form of ACA (Additional Central Assistance).

135. In the 10th plan the total outlay provided for urban development department was Rs. 53016.00 lakh against which the expenditure incurred was Rs. 5301.32 lakh.

136. Efforts are being made for increasing private investment and the following projects are proposed to be taken up on Public Private Partnership (PPP) model in Lucknow.

Multi level parking cum shopping complex at Hazratganj.

Six lane Express way on Ghaziuddin Haider (GH) Canal

International Convention Center near Amar Shaheed Path.

Multi specialty Hospital near Amar Shaheed Path.

137. To fill up the gaps under the above programmes Adarash Nagar Yojna and Manyavar Shree KanshiRam ji Shahari Samagra Vikas Yojna have also been launched at the state level under which the major works related to drinking water, sewer, Electrification/street lights, Scholarship programmes, Health

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programme, Pensions for old age, widows, physically handicapped persons and family benefits, etc. would be taken up.

138. Under these programmes, the urban slums of economically weaker sections will be provided with basic amenities so that the people of these areas brought into the mainstream of urban development.

Housing

139. The state has the largest urban system in the country with 628 municipalities. However, it ranks 18 th

in the level of urbanization. The number of metropolitan cities increased from 3 in 1991 to 6 in 2001 namely; Kanpur, Lucknow, Varanasi, Agra, Allahabad and Meerut. These cities attract migrants from all over the state due to their stronger economic and infrastructural base. The emerging trends of urbanization in the state necessitates a two-pronged strategy for balanced regional urban development i.e. better management of large cities and inducing planned growth of small and medium towns.

140. The Strategies and Initiatives for developing the city into a sustainable city involves economic Development, land use, transportation, Urban infrastructure, protection of the environment, etc.Performance of Urban Housing Sector

141. Housing schemes in the state are implemented mainly by the Development Authorities and the Housing and Development Board. At present there are 24 Development Authorities covering large cities and the Housing and Development Board is functional in 102 urban areas of the state. The schemes comprise land acquisition and development, EWS housing, sites and services scheme, low income, middle income and high income group housing. The State Government, HUDCO and other Financial Institutions have been financing such schemes. The total outlay proposed for the year 2008-09 is Rs. 60000 lakh.

Rural Housing

Indira Awaas Yojana

142. Under this programme houses are provided free of cost to the selected beneficiaries. 80% of the funds are utilized on the construction of new houses and remaining 20% funds are utilized for upgradation of kutcha houses. Houses are constructed on the plots of beneficiaries. Allotment of houses is in the name of the female member of the beneficiary household. Alternatively, it can be allotted in the name of both husband and wife.

Maha Maya Rural Housing Scheme for BPL families –

143. The State Government floated a new scheme of rural housing for SC/ST families during 2006-07 for construction of 1.20 lakh houses. About 12.00 lakh houses are proposed to be constructed in the 11th

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Five Year Plan for which Social welfare department has provided an outlay of Rs.3000.00 crores . The pattern of the scheme will be the same as of Indira Awas Yojana . An outlay of Rs 200 crores has been provided for this scheme in 2007-08 for construction of 80,000 houses. For the year 2008-09 an outlay of Rs. 200.00 crores has been earmarked for construction of 80,000 houses.

Water Supply and Sanitation

144. Clean drinking water, sanitation and clean environment are vital to improve the health of our people. The main objectives pertaining to the urban water supply and sanitation are:

Expansion and improvement of drinking water supply in every town.

Expansion and improvement of sanitation facility with other social infrastructure.

145. Out of the 628 towns, partial sewerage system exists only in 55 towns. Sewerage system in most of the towns is being proposed under JNNURM and UIDSSMT Programmes.

146. Under the externally aided project ‘Agra Water Supply Scheme (Gangajal JBIC)" has been taken up with the purpose of providing good quality water from the river Yamuna. Because of the deteriorating quality of water in river Yamuna, Agra city is facing a severe shortage of clean drinking water. The Government has come up with this scheme to solve the water crisis in this heritage city. An outlay of Rs. 9000.00 lakh has been proposed for the financial year 2008-09.

Ganga Acton Plan - Phase- II

147. Ganga Acton Plan - Phase- II is being executed under National River Conservation Programme of Government of India, in the State. Under this scheme, river pollution control works of 23 towns situated on the bank of river Ganga, Yamuna and Gomti in different components namely Ganga Action Plan (12 towns), Yamuna Action Plan (8 towns) and Gomti Action Plan (3 towns) are included. For the financial year 2008-09 an outlay of Rs. 7050.00 lakh has been proposed.

Rural Water Supply

148. The entire Rural Water Supply (RWS) programme was given a mission approach when the Technology Mission on Drinking Water and Related Water Management, also called the National Drinking Water Mission (NDWM) was introduced as one of the five Social Missions in 1986. NDWM was renamed as "Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission (RGNDWM)" in 1991.

149. In the current year, the main emphasis is on piped water supply schemes. As on 01.04.2007, the number of hand pumps installed in rural areas, is about 16.56 lacs.

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Safe Drinking Water On Sustainable Basis To All Habitations

150. All Rural habitations have been covered as per norm of 40 lpcd i.e. one handpump per 250 persons. In small rural habitations, only one handpump or standpost has been provided as per requirement to saturate the habitations as per revised norm. In these habitations, safe drinking water crisis emerges when existing handpump goes out of order. In all such habitations, one extra handpump is proposed to be installed during the current year.

Human Development

151. After the formation of Uttarakhand, the status of Human Development Indices for Uttar Pradesh has been computed for the year 2001 and 2005 which is given in the following table:

States 2001 2005Value Rank Value Rank

Andhra Pradesh 0.6220 9 0.6388 10Assam 0.5831 12 0.6523 9Bihar 0.5200 17 0.5538 17Chhatisgarh 0.5976 11 0.6269 11Gujarat 0.6663 6 0.7073 6Haryana 0.6587 8 0.6875 7Jharkhand 0.6005 10 0.6257 12Karnataka 0.6646 7 0.6814 8Kerala 0.8118 1 0.8243 1Madhya Pradesh 0.5582 14 0.5902 14Maharashtra 0.7241 2 0.7513 2Orissa 0.5405 16 0.5863 15Punjab 0.6943 4 0.7245 4Rajasthan 0.5796 13 0.5957 13Tamilnadu 0.6995 3 0.7348 3Uttar Pradesh 0.5426 15 0.5724 16West Bengal 0.6696 5 0.7109 5India 0.6281 0.6639

Source: Computed for the Report

152. From the above table, it can be seen that among 17 major states of the country, U.P. ranked 15 in 2001 and 16 in 2005. Though, the rank of Uttar Pradesh slipped down yet there is an increase of 7 percentage point in the absolute value of the index from 0.5426 in 2001 to 0.5724 in 2005.

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153. It is clear that human development index in Uttar Pradesh has improved significantly over the years, but the State’s rank is low among the major states. Therefore, there is still a long way to go in improving HDI in U.P. for which concerted efforts are needed. In the Eleventh Plan, the state government has laid great emphasis on improvement in Human Development Indices especially those relating to education, health and nutrition.

Education

154. `To achieve the target of universalization of the elementary education (class 1 to 8) by the end of 2012, it is proposed:

To improve the teacher-pupil ratio to 1:40.

Provision of 5 rooms and 5 teachers/ Shiksha Mitras in each primary school.

Provision of 4 rooms, 5 teachers and one laboratory in the upper Primary school.

Focus on quality improvement.

Provision of one additional hand pump in every primary school.

To achieve 85 % literacy in the State.

To reduce the present gender gap in literacy from 26.40 per cent to 10 per cent.

To bring the drop -out rate in primary level to 5 percent.

To reduce gender gap and social gap in enrolment at primary level

To reduce gender gap and social gap in enrolment at upper primary level

Sarva Siksha Abhiyan

155. It is a centrally sponsored scheme for universalization of elementary education. Government of India provides 65% as central share and 35% share is given by the State government. For the year 2008-09 an outlay of Rs. 1800.00 crore is proposed

156. Under Alternative Education Programme, during 2007-08, 4349 Education Guarantee Scheme (EGS) centres, 3896 (Alternative Innovative Education (AIE) centres, 800 residential bridge courses and 1835 non-residential bridge courses have been made operational for enrolment of out of school children. Till 30 November, 2007, 2.17 lakh out of school children have been enrolled. The remaining centres/courses are in the process of operation. During 2008-09, 3900 EGS centres, 5000 AIE centres, 800 residential bridge courses and 2000 non-residential bridge courses have been proposed.

157. During 2008-09, construction of 6500 school buildings, 15000 additional class rooms, boundary walls in 32807 schools and electrification in 51094 schools are being proposed.

158. The new schools proposed in 2008-09 will be provided with teachers. Each new primary school is provided with one headmaster and one Shiksha Mitra. Each new upper primary school is provided one

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headmaster and two assistant teachers. Besides, the existing primary schools are provided Shiksha Mitras to improve teacher pupil ratio.

159. During the 11th Plan, emphasis is being given to improve teaching of science & mathematics in upper primary schools. Presently, there is no laboratory in upper primary schools and there is shortage of science teachers in upper primary schools. During 2008-09, 33000 Vigyan Mitras are proposed to be recruited on contract basis in new upper primary schools. It may also be added that computers are proposed to be provided in 700 upper primary schools during 2008-09 .

160. Elementary education is the foundation for future learning. It is a prerequisite for improving the learning level of human beings. S.S.A. has made significant progress towards universalization of elementary education (UEE) by achieving the goals of access, enrolment and retention of children in schools:

Increased participation of children in teaching learning process;

Exposure of children to a variety of learning in interesting ways;

Children’s understanding of the content; and

Availability of subject teachers

Building school and classroom environment

Mid Day Meal

161. For implementing Mid Day Meal scheme in primary schools (class 1-5 of government, government aided, EGS and AIE) Government of India provides food-grains (wheat/rice) at the rate of 100 gms. per student per school day through Food Corporation of India. Similarly for the upper primary schoosl, it is 150 gms per student per school day. The conversion cost in primary school is Rs.2.00 per student per school day of which one rupee and fifty paise is borne by Government of India, and fifty paise by the State government. For upper primary schools the conversion cost is Rs.2.50 per student per school day of which two rupees are borne by Government of India and fifty paise by the State Government. Government of India allots money for the construction of kitchen sheds cum store @ 60,000 rupees per school and for kitchen device @ 5,000 per school.

162. During financial year 2007-08, the enrolment of students in primary schools (class 1-5 of government, Govt. Aided, EGS & AIE) was estimated to be 1.94 crore. It is seen that annual growth rate of enrolment is around 5 lakh students thus the estimated figure for students in primary schools in the year 08-09 would be around 1.99 crore. Similarly in upper primary schools at a growth rate of 5 lakh per annum, the estimated figure would be 45 lakh students.

Kitchen Sheds Cum Store

163. Under the scheme, construction of kitchen shed cum store is provided only for filling the gaps. As per information received from districts, under different schemes 53000 kitchen sheds have been already constructed. Under MDM scheme, in years 2006-07 and 2007-08, money has been allotted for additional

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22919 kitchen sheds. Thus the total availability will be approx.76000. So the gap would be 98000-76000=22000 schools out of which 7000 more kitchen sheds would be constructed in the year 2007-08. So, for year 08-09 it is proposed to establish 15000 (22000-7000) kitchen sheds.

164. Similarly in 30000 upper primary schools located in 695 educationally backward blocks, around 50% are located in the campus of primary schools only. These schools would use the same kitchen sheds located in primary schools. For remaining 17000 schools Rs.102 crores have been provided in the year 2007-08 . Thus no money is needed for year 2008-09 under this head.

Kitchen Devices etc.

165. In 2007-08, provision has already been made in the primary schools. Money is to be released by Government of India. Similarly for upper primary schools provision has been made for 34000 schools @ 5000 per school. It is proposed to cover 14,000 primary schools on basis of 299 schools per district and 1400 upper primary schools on the basis of 29 schools per district @ Rs. 5000 per school during the year 2008-09.

Transport Expenditure

166. As per the revised guidelines of GOI, from 2008-09 onwards arrangement of transportation cost will not be on the basis of reimbursement, but will be provided through regular budget. In this context, requirement of food grains for upper primary schools would be 84,600 mt. rice and 42,300 mt. wheat. While for primary schools the requirement is 249413.33 mt. rice and 124706.67 mt. wheat. (This requirement of food grains is calculated on the basis of coverage of 80% children of total anticipited enrolment) It is proposed to provide transportation cost for the above mentioned quantity of food-grains at the rate of Rs.75 per mt.

167. For this purpose Government of India allows 1.8% of total value which includes food grains cost, transportation cost and central assistance of conversion cost. Thus on the basis of the above, provision is being made under MME head. For this, cost of food grains is calculated as per the FCI rates i.e. Rs. 5650 per mt. for rice and Rs. 4150 per mt. for wheat.

Secondary Education

168. Secondary education serves as bridge between primary and higher level education. Secondary education prepares the students in the age group of 14-18 years for entry into higher education or work situations. Given the liberalization and globalization of the Indian economy, the rapid changes witnessed in scientific and technological world and the general need to improve the quality of life it is essential that those leaving the school system acquire a higher level of knowledge and skills. The goals of secondary education are as follows :

To make all secondary schools conform to prescribed norms regarding physical facilities, qualified staff, academic matters etc.

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To make secondary schools, fulfilling prescribed norms, available to every young person through proximate location (say secondary schools within 5 kms. and higher secondary schools within 7-10 kms) efficient and safe transport arrangements, residential facilities depending on local circumstances.

To ensure that no child is deprived of secondary education due to gender, socio- economic disability and other barriers.

To ensure that all students pursuing secondary education receive education of good quality

To check the drop-out at the secondary stage by introducing alternate education system for those students who cannot afford full time education in formal secondary schools.

To introduce computer education and computer literacy in government and aided schools.

To make effective arrangements for vocational and technical education at secondary schools.

To strengthen the system of in-service teacher's training scheme.

To ensure the quality of science education and standardization of lab equipments, library and other minimum facilities etc.

To encourage sports activities.

169. Targets set for Eleventh Plan are as under :

Raising gross enrollment ratio (GER) for the secondary school going age group (14-18 years) which was 37.5% in 2002-03 to at least 65% by 2011-12, in the general streams ( besides those in the vocational stream).

Reducing gender and social disparities in GEF to within 5% points, and minimizing rural- urban disparity in GEF.

Bringing down pupil-teacher ratio at the secondary stage to about 25 ensuring suitable subjectwise availability of teachers and increasing percentage of trained teachers to 100%.

Improving quality of secondary education and pupils achievement levels so that pass percentage in Board of High School and Intermediate Examination improves to around 75%.

The report of the task force visualized India as 'Knowledge Super Power' by the end of year 2010.

Quality of education at all levels of secondary education to meet the requirements for transformation of the country to 'Knowledge Super Power'.

Availability of trained teachers.

Private initiative in secondary education should improve quality of education.

Higher Education

170. Universities will be expanded and upgraded so as to address regional, gender and social inequalities. The thrust will be to promote quality consciousness, evaluation, accreditation and monitoring performance in academic institutions and inculcating appreciation for internal academic audit and external

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peer review. The main emphasis would be to accommodate ever expanding enrolment in 12 state universities and to strengthen and update existing infrastructure. Publication of manuscripts not only makes the work and its writer immortal, but also serves a very useful purpose for students/ research scholars in the country and abroad. For this a scheme ‘Assistance to Sampurnanand Sanskrit University for publication of Protected Manuscripts’ has been proposed. University with innate capabilities need to be developed as Centres of Excellence to work as a ' Role Model' for other universities. There is a greater need to guide students for choice of career and facilitate their placement in government/ private sectors or motivate them for self-ventures. Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia National Law Univesity was set up as a model and nodal centre for legal education in the State. Every district of the State shall have at least one government degree college and to this effect, five new government degree colleges will be opened.

171. To make higher education available in the remote, educationally backward and un-served areas of the State, the Govt has introduced a scheme of one-time funding to the private management for infrastructure support for setting up of new colleges opened on self-financing basis.

172. Provision would be made for safe-drinking water supply, hygiene and sanitation, internal and outer illumination, common halls, minor repairs, roads, class rooms, campus development, infrastructural support to curricular and co-curricular activities, repair and renovation of laboratories and power back-up (generator/ electric supply) will be provided. There is a need for a government agency to effectively monitor and control the state of higher education in the colleges under its jurisdiction. Provision has been made for establishment of new regional higher education offices at Azamgarh, Allahabad, Saharanpur, Moradabad, Basti, Mirzapur, Devipatan, Chitrakoot and Faizabad and for construction of building for the existing regional higher education offices.

173. The technical education infrastructure needs to be upgraded and expanded in a big way to meet the emerging challenges in the globalised world and to provide employment opportunities to the youth. This would include:

Opening of polytechnics in all the districts.

Development of at least one polytechnic in each division as centre of excellence.

Opening of the at least one women polytechnic in each division.

Establishment of an information and communication technology (ICT) cell in the UP Technical University and the Directorate of Technical Education. Every Polytechnic and engineering college whether public or private should have its own web site giving all necessary information.

Candidates from Scheduled Caste, Scheduled Tribe, Other Backward Classes and other disadvantage categories would be given admission in institutions of technical education for promoting social equity. Such candidates should not be charged fee. Instead the department for the welfare of Backward Classes should provide for re-imbursement.

The institutions should utilise the available land resources and other physical and financial resources in the best possible manner to be able to deliver optimum results.

New subjects like nano-technology, bio-technology, material technology, image processing etc. need to be introduced.

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Training and development of high quality human resources is needed at all levels of technical education so that the State is able to compete in the globalised world.

On-going construction work taken up in the past, would be completed.

To start new courses relevant with the market demand.

To strengthen the infrastructural facilities in existing polytechnics.

174. At present there are seven autonomous technical colleges/ institutions functioning under the control of the Department of Technical Education, U.P. which imparts technical education at graduate and post graduate level. There has been an increase in the intake capacity and the number of courses being conducted as per needs of the State. In order to meet the industrial requirements, it is required to update curriculum of the courses and provide modern infrastructural facilities, such as new faculty, hostels, lecture rooms, library, advance equipments, etc.

175. Human resources and natural resources should be fully utilized upto the maximum extent. Keeping this view, a number of new courses are being proposed in the polytechnics according the industrial needs and job potential. The new courses will be started as per the norms of All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE).

176. It is proposed to start new courses in the Polytechnics whose buildings will be completed in Eleventh Plan. Such Polytechnics are Govt. Polytechnic Sonbhadra, Bhadoi. Beside this in some Polytechnics only one or two courses are running at present therefore one or two additional new courses are proposed to be started in such Polytechnics.

177. A scheme for integrating persons with disabilities in the mainstream of technical and vocational education has been introduced in two polytechnics (Govt. Polytechnic Jhansi and Govt. Girls Polytechnic, Moradabad) with the assistance of Govt. of India. These Polytechnics provide training to physically handicapped students in formal and non-formal courses. Govt. of India has given grant to the polytechnics of the State Govt. to meet recurring expenditure.

178. There should be no gender gap in any field of development. So the emphasis on reducing gender gap and promoting empowerment of women in every field of development. The department had established 4 new government girls polytechnics, in order to promote empowerment of women and to reduce gender gap.

Medical and Health

179. The role of public facilities in patient care is somewhat better in the State. In rural U.P., 27% of the people seek inpatient care from public sector against a national average of 42%. In urban areas the state

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picture is very close to the national picture with as much as 31 % of people seeking inpatient care from the public sector facilities as against the national average of 38 %.

Key Objectives Reduction of Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

Reduction of Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR)

Reduction of Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

Reduction of Prevalence Rate (PR) of Leprosy.

Reduction of blindness

Enhancement of Tuberculosis cure rate

To strengthen the health infrastructure

To strengthen the health infrastructure facilities, establishment of 100 bedded combined hospitals in newly created districts, T.B. clinic, blood bank, mortuaries, I.C.C.U. units, plastic surgery/burn unit etc. are proposed for the year 2008-09.

To provide super specialty services in district male / female hospitals, High-Tech medical equipments will be provided to the hospitals and the bed strength of the hospitals will be increased as per needs .

The Trauma centres with ambulance net- working, establishment of 100 bedded children hospitals, 300 bedded combined hospital at divisional level where there are no medical colleges have been taken up.The pase of implementation of these worksstarted in 2007-08 will be given priority in 2008-09.

In the annual plan 2008-09, construction of 50 primary health centres,146 community health centres and 2475 sub-centres is proposed.

Surgical procedures, deliveries, bandaging and plastering etc generate biomedical waste in the hospital. This can be the cause of infections to patients and attendants. A proper disposal of these biomedical waste is included in the annual plan 2008-09.

Physical strengthening of 50 FRUs has been completed.

Improving quality of services Skill up-gradation of functionaries

Improved MIS

Computerization of FRUs, district offices & DGFW

Proper logistic management

Strong supervision

Effective human resource management

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Strengthening and maintenance of service delivery centres

Evaluation feedback

Recruitment of 1,29,312 / 1,35,994 ASHAs as a key link worker between the community & health service providers.

1440 Medical Officers( MOs) and 844 Staff Nurses are working on contract.

537ANMs, 78 lab technicians and 67 Lady Medical Officers (LMOs) are on contract through RCH.

Homoeopathy

180. At present there are 1482 dispensaries in the State. 89 dispensaries are functioning in urban areas and rest 1393 are in rural areas.Apart from this there are 7 Homoeopathic medical colleges in the state. During the year 1983–84, only 18.20 lakh patients treated under the Homoeopathic system and now the number of patients rose to 172.95 lakh in 2005-06. During the annual plan 2008-09 the priority areas are:

Creation of necessary posts and strengthening the infrastructure according to C.C.H. norms in all 07 Homoeopathic Medical Colleges.

Strengthening of Homeopathic Medical Colleges to coduct the research work in Homeopathy.

Establishment and construction of 135 new homeopathic dispensaries during 2008-09 out of which 125 will be in rural area and remaining 10 will be in urban area.

Establishment of two new Homeopathic Medical Colleges.

Establishment and construction of D.H.M.O.'s Offices.

There are seven homoeopathic Medical colleges, 1482 State homoeopathic dispensaries, about 25000 registered Homoeopathic Doctors, about 25 Pharmacies and about 5000 Medical Stores in the state. In all places there is a big demand of trained pharmacists but there is no institute of training for pharmacists is in the state. Establishment of a homeopathic drug manufacturing unit and testing laboratory is proposed for the financial year 2008-09.

Ayurvedic and Unani

181. In order to give a boost to Ayurvedic and Unani systems, it is necessary that the available infrastructure in Ayurvedic and Unani hospitals is strengthened. During the Eleventh Five Year Plan as well as in the year 2008-09 the special emphasis will be laid on strict adherence to teaching norms as prescribed by the Central Council of Indian Medicine.

182. There are 2354 dispensaries/hospitals of Ayurveda and Unani functioning in the State, of which 2105 are of Ayurvedic and 249 of Unani system of medicine. There are 10976 beds in these dispensaries/hospitals and about 1.50 crore patients are treated there. Besides, there are two State Ayurveda and Unani Pharmacies situated in Lucknow and Pilibhit. To control the quality of drugs, there is a drug testing lab in Lucknow.Apart from this there are 8 Ayurvedic and 2 Unani Colleges and a Ayurvedic and Tibbi Academy is in the State. During the annual plan 2008-09 the priority will be:

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Creation of required teaching and non-teaching positions and infrastructure in Govt. Ayurvedic and Unani Colleges of the State as per norms laid down by the Central Council of Indian Medicines.

To promote research and development projects in Ayurvedic and Unani colleges of the State.

Establishment of 22 district and 5 regional (divisional) Ayurvedic and Unani offices.

During the year 2008-09 establishment of 100 Ayurvedic/Unani dispensaries in rural areas, 25 dispensaries in urban areas, establishment of 22 district Ayurvedic and Unani offices are the main physical targets. Besides this, up-gradation of Medical Colleges as per norms of CCIM is an important activity of the Department

Medical Education To facilitate better health faculties and education in Western Uttar Pradesh, a state medical

college- Rural Institute of Medical Sciences has been established in Safai, Etawah. Further a Para Medical College is also being established at safai for degree lavel courses in various para-medical disciplines as well as in Pharmacy & Nursing.

Moreover one Super speciality State Medical College is also being established at Azamgarh in Eastern Uttar Pradesh.

Two more state medical colleges are under construction at kannuj and Orai (Jalaun). A super specialty hospital and teaching Institute, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohiya Institute of Medical sciences Society, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow is also in the pipeline.

In order to providing relief to the poor population of Eastern U.P., suffering from the deadly epidemic of Encephalitis, a research centre and an epidemic ward are being established in state medical college Gorakhpur.

Para-medical colleges are being established at Gorakhpur and Jhansi for imparting degree lavel Para-medical courses including Pharmacy and Nursing.

A stem cell center in our state medical colleges is also proposed for establishment.

183. During the annual plan 2008-09 the priority will be: To ensure that the medical colleges meet the standard of medical education as per MCI norms

and provide the efficient health services to the public. Creation of posts of teachers and para-medical staff in state medical colleges/Institutes to fulfill

the MCI norms. Up-gradation of state medical colleges as super specialty centers. To establish proper intensive care units in state medical colleges. To increase strength of post-graduate and super specialist doctors (MD/MS/DM/MCH) to meet

the demand for running such centers. To establish para- medical colleges to meet the consequent demand of para-medical staff for

running such centers. Establishment of new medical colleges in private sector.

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Industrial Development

Growth Rate and Strategies

184. The 11th Plan period would be a very promising period which will open new vistas of opportunities for crores of people of this State. The positive outcomes of economic liberalisation have to be analysed for opening new doors of development. The drawbacks have to be indentified and remedies found for overcoming them.

185. It is necessary that the industrial growth rate is targeted at 10% and that of manufacturing at 12% in order to achieve 8.5% GSDP growth. This will require huge amount of investment in the industry sector along with up-gradation of existing technology and modernisation. Under the present circumstances of global competition following steps may be helpful in accelerating the industrial growth:-

To relax the present control on some industries specially fertilizer and sugar to some extent.

Reserved industries for SSI Sector have to be further prouned and allowed for Heavy and medium sectors.

Policy concerned with Mining and Minerals should be reviewed to attract private investment in these sectors.

Labour Laws should be made flexible.

Rules regarding pollution should be simplified and made more transparent.

In order to increase investment in Heavy and Medium sectors, Inspector Raj has to be kept under tight control and administrative machinery should be made Industry-friendly.

186. The main focus areas are primarily infrastructure and power which need the utmost attention. Besides, facilities of transportation and roads of good quality have also to be created. All the factors of development like infrastructure, law and order, availability of raw material, easy transport, undisturbed running of the industrial units have to be integrated and coordinated so as to achieve the goal.

Village & Small Industries

187. Balanced industrial development, employment generation, maximum investment and Export Promotion by setting up large number of SSI units, were remain goals during Tenth Five Year Plan . To achieve these goals and objectives, the State Government introduced many development programmes and policies related to Industrial Development. During Xth plan, 149986 units have been established with an investment of Rs. 1602.95 cr, creating an employment of 597955. During 10th Five Year Plan period 2002-07, an additional employment of 61445 was generated under PMRY scheme

188. Till March 2007 under the Pradhan Mantri Rozgar Yojana, 613994 beneficiaries were sanctioned loan amounting Rs. 452107.82 lakhs out of which Rs. 346382.76 lacs have been disbursed in favour of 517821 beneficiaries. Employment for 1154944 persons has been generated.

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189. Exports from Uttar Pradesh at the end of the 10th Five Year Plan (2002-07), i.e. in the year 2006-07 were approximately Rs. 20,000 crores.

190. Target for exports at the end of the 11th Five Year Plan (2007-12), i.e. in the year 2011-2012 is Rs. 40,000 crores. To achieve this target, new comprehensive schemes are being introduced taking in to consideration every aspect of Export Promotion.

Achievement of Annual Plan 2007-08

191. During 2007-08, 33,000 SSI units were targeted to be established and 1,30,000 additional employment was also aimed at. Against these targets, 17256 SSI units have been established upto Nov 2007 with a capital investment of Rs 764.90 crores and 88126 additional employment has been created.

192. The centrally sponsored scheme of Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Yojana has set a target of 51,500 beneficiaries for the year 2007-08 out of which loan have been sanctioned in favour of 37770 beneficiaries and disbursed in favour of 27963 beneficiaries upto Nov, 2007. During the year 2007-08, efforts are being made to ensure quality upgradation to realise the objectives of the scheme.

193. Newly established SSI units generate opportunity for employment, PMRY opens a new horizon for self employment. A target of employment generation for 2.33 lac persons has been fixed (in the established SSI Units and PMRY scheme) for the year 2007-08 out of which 158237 employment has been generated upto Oct, 2007 .

Main Targets For Annual Plan 2008-09 It is proposed to upgrade Technology of 100 SSI units under SSI Technical upgradation

scheme.

It is proposed to provide product specific training to 3242 special class work force (SC&ST).

To develop new SSI clusters.

To set up 33000 new SSI units and generate employment for 1.30 lacs persons with an investment of Rs. 600.00 Crores .

To benefit 51500 persons during the financial year under PMRY Scheme.

Establishment of DICs / Construct Buildings in newly created districts.

Establishment of Zonal Offices / Construct Buildings in newly created divisions.

To extend benefit to the 200 export units under the scheme for support for exporters (At international level) scheme.

To extend benefit to the 600 exporting units under the scheme subsidy on freight charges upto gateway port.

To upgrade infrastructure facilities in Industrial Estates.

To facilitate the flow of information, the Directorate & DIC offices will be computerized.

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To increase the efficiency of officers & officials , seminars /workshops will be organized. In addition to above, visits to industrially advanced states will also be organized.

105 presons will be beneifited under Handicraft Pension scheme.

Proposed New Schemes for Annual Plan 2008-09 Air Freight Rationalisation Scheme

Proposed Assistance on airway bill expenses of exporters of U.P.

Establishment of New DIC's at Kannuaj and Bagpat

Khadi & Village Industries

194. During the first year of 11th Plan i.e. 2007-08 under Mukhya Mantri Gramodyog Rojgar Yojna 4200 V.I. units were established by investing Rs. 70.00 crores which gave employment to 29109 persons while under Rural Employment Generation Programme, 1337 V.I. units were established with an investment of Rs. 78.17 crores which gave employment to 34572 persons of rural area. New schemes viz. Marketing Development Assistance Programme, Product Development, Standardization, and Quality Assurance, Training, Skill Up-gradation and Promotion, Cluster Development of Tradtional Art & Craft, Heritage Village to Promote Craft Tourism, Modernization/Up-gradation of Khadi and Blanket Production Centres and E-governance, Computerization and Connectivity are being implemented.

Rebate on sale of Khadi

195. Under Khadi Development Programme of UPKVIB/KVIC there are about 617 Khadi Institutions engaged in the production of Khadi and other products which are providing employment to about 4,15,000 spinners, 50,800 weavers, 58,700 dyers, tailors and 1,32,000 other employees, a total of 6.60 lakh rural women as well as men.

196. To encourage production and sale of Khadi in the state, 10% rebate on sale of Khadi through certified Khadi Bhawans/Bhandars is being provided by the State Government. This rebate is only admissible for a period 108 days or the period fixed by Khadi & Village Industries Commission from Gandhi Jayanti. Khadi & Village Industries Commission also provides 20-30% rebate on sale of Khadi from Gandhi Jayanti. During 10th Five Year Plan a sum of Rs. 6241.25 lakhs was sanctioned to provide Khadi Rebate in which about 60% of the amount (3744.75 lakhs) was spent for the benefit of producers/wage beneficiaries.

Handloom

197. Under the new industrial policy for the development of handloom industry the following steps are being taken:-

The organizational and administrative set-up of the Department will be made more sensitive.

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The package programme for assistance will be developed according to the specific needs of the weavers.

An advisory cell is being set-up for providing necessary and adequate advice to the weavers from time to time on any matter relating to the department on payment of prescribed fees.

The handloom industry is playing an important role in employment generation along with producing various types of products and services for society. The State government will render balanced and co-ordinated support for development of Handloom and Powerloom sector.

With a view to protect the traditional arts, which have been in existence for over several centuries, all facilities would be provided for, managerial assistance, qualitative improvement, technical up-gradation, packaging, design development, marketing and training so that handloom products become globally competitive.

198. According to the census conducted in 1995-96, there are 6.64 lakh weavers and 2.24 lakh handlooms in the State. For the development of textile sector, handloom and powerloom industry is to be facilitated in a balanced systematic way. Some important programmes like establishment of textile centres, rebate on the electricity dues to powerloom weavers and implementation of Rashtriya Sam Vikas Yojana are important for the growth of Handloom sector.

Governance Reforms

199. Good governance is one of the important factors in achieving the objective of inclusive growth in the Eleventh Plan. The public sector has major responsibilities in developing infrastructure either directly or through PPPs, and in supporting agriculture, irrigation, rural development, health and education, etc. that are crucial for ensuring inclusiveness. All our efforts to achieve rapid and inclusive development will only bear fruit if we can ensure good governance both in the implementation of public programmes and in government's interaction with the ordinary citizens. It will also ensure the effective participation of the private sector in our developmental efforts.

200. `Public investment in infrastructure will have to be supplemented by efforts to attract private investment wherever possible. All major infrastructure sectors have already been opened up to private investment. However to attract private investment in infrastructure we must ensure that the policy framework in each sector makes it possible for private investors to invest in these sectors with reasonable expectation of an attractive return. The deficiencies in the existing policies in each sector, as revealed by the experience of the past few years, need to be reviewed and urgently corrected. It should be our objective to put in place policy framework which draws from best practice internationally and is tailored to the specific requirements of our situation.

201. Unless the availability of equity and long term debt to the private sector is increased substantially in coming years, likelihood of adequate private investment in these sectors appear remote at the moment. The

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initiative taken by Government of India to create a ‘Viability Gap Funding Scheme’ is a step in the right direction and could lead to more vibrant PPP in the Eleventh Plan.

Governance Reforms

202. Good governance would also include:

Strict action against ‘big fish’ to reiterate the State’s commitment to ‘zero tolerance’ of corruption

Involvement of people in catching the corrupt public servants

Prevention of corruption by carrying out ‘systemic reforms’

Incentives to honest public servants

Systemic Reforms

203. The following systemic reforms are under implementation:

Online Management and Monitoring system for scholarships

Koshvani – Transparency in Treasury System

Computerisation of Stamp and Registration Department

The PRERNA (Property Evaluation and Registration Application)

Computerisation of Commercial Tax Department

Vyapari Suvidha Kendra

Dealer Registration Cell

Corporate Circle

Restructuring of existing sector offices

Interactive Voice Response System

SMS for Enquiries

Tax Deposit through Internet

Computerisation of Khatouni (Record of Rights), Khasra, Maps (Sajra)

Digitisation of Old Revenue Records

'Jan Suvidha Kendra' at District and tehsil level offices

District Magistrates have been directed to ensure that a separate counter (window) is opened in every office, to receive applications for the services being provided by the offices. Persons giving applications should be provided a receipt. It has to be ensured that all services are delivered within the time period prescribed. To ensure constant supervision of this facility, an Officer should be nominated for this purpose in every office. Board of Revenue is informed on a monthly basis about the number of applications received for

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various services in the district and the status of their disposal, through internet based 'Revenue Soft' software.

Establishment of Kisan Call Centers

AGRISNET Scheme

GIS Infrastructure and Development of GIS Applications in Planning Department

Public- Private Partnership

204. In August 2005, the Ministry of Finance, Government of India has issued a circular enclosing a scheme to support public private partnership in infrastructure. The scheme approved by Government of India seeks to operationalize the viability gap funding for public private partnership in critical infrastructure sectors. As per this scheme, viability gap funding to the extent of 20% of the total project cost will be provided to eligible projects with a ceiling of Rs.100 crore.

205. The funding pattern and collaboration between the public sector and the private sector could take any of the following forms:

Public funding with private service delivery and private management

Public as well as private funding with private service delivery and private management

Public as well as private funding with public/private service delivery and public/private/joint management

Private funding with private service delivery and private management.

206. Thus, PPP involves a long term relationship between the public sector and the private sector. While the collaboration between the two, may take various forms like buyer–seller relationship, donor-recipient relationship, the most stable partnership is in the form of ‘contract’ binding on both the parties.

Agriculture Establishment of Agri-Clinic and Agri-Business by Agriculture Graduates

Scheme of Farmers School

A business model called e-chaupal started by a leading industrial house appears to be succeeding in this venture by offering agriculturists high technology internet options by means of which they can personally participate in digitally networked rural market. Permission given by the State Government to ITC to set up ‘e-chaupals’ and ‘e-sagars’ in the state is a right step to ensure better returns to farmers for their agri-produce. Similarly ‘Hariyali Kisan Bazars’ have also been set up in the State by DCM-Shriram Group.

Efforts are being made to involve agri-input dealers in conducting soil tests along with public sector agencies like Department of Agriculture, State Agriculture Universities and Krishi Vigyan Kendras etc. Agencies involved in marketing of agricultural inputs are annually analyzing and providing results of the soil tests to approximately 1.8 lakh farmers.

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Under State Horticulture mission model nurseries of 4 hectare and 1 hectare for producing, foundation and hybrid seeds of potato and vegetables will be established in public and private sectors.

Animal Husbandry A new scheme to set up veterinary poly-clinics as public-private partnership projects is being

proposed in Annual Plan 2008-09.

A new scheme to set up at least one veterinary poly-clinic in each district is being proposed in Annual Plan 2008-09.

It is proposed to provide training and there after self-employment opportunities to a large number of paravets during the Eleventh Plan. Training would be provided through reputed agencies and this could be a good public private partnership scheme wherein better service is provided to the 2 crore livestock owners in the state.

Presently, the State is lagging behind in development of large scale of entrepreneur ship in animal husbandry sector. In order to channelize these potentialities there is a great need to develop and modernize the activities of private venture in this sector.

Dairy Provision of financial Assistance for setting up of Automatic Milk Collection Units & Bulk

Milk Coolers in Public & Private Sector.

Policy Measures to be taken for extending subsidy in setting up of Automatic Milk Collection Units & Bulk Milk Coolers in Co-operative as well as private sector.

Total automization of the system to ensure transparency.

Providing animal health care, artificial insemination and other technical inputs/services for enhancement of milk production and breed improvement programmes.

Strengthening, up gradation & modernization of dairy plants, quality control labs and marketing infrastructure.

Measures for new product development.

Formulation & Implementation of web-based monitoring and evaluation system to keep track of all aspects of dairy co-operative societies, milk unions and PCDF/Milk Commissioner’s office.

Infrastructure

207. Government has accorded a high priority to industrial development. Government has constituted a separate 'Infrastructure Development Department' to ensure proper execution and implementation of policies and schemes for the development of industry and to attract industrial investment along with providing basic infrastructure facilities for industrial growth, encouraging mega projects and their proper

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monitoring. Five extremely crucial areas have been specified/ identified for infrastructure development which are given below:-

Empowerment of Farmers

Development of Power Sector

Urban Rejuvenation

High Quality Transport System

World-class Road Infrastructure

208. Several ambitious projects are coming to the State under the PPP policy of the state government for the development of infrastructure with maximum involvement of assistance from private investors. At present, the following projects are also being implemented under the State PPP Policy:-

Urban Rejuvenation projects for Lucknow and other cities.

Development of Power Sector

High Quality Transport System

World-class Road Infrastructure

Development of Aviation Sector

Development of Service Sector

Roads

209. In the UP Road Development policy and Build Operate and Transfer (BOT) policy, the following proposals are being considered under public-private partnership model:-

To promote participation of private sector in road development process.

BOT policy will be decided by P.W.D.

The policy will be implemented by UP Bridge Corporation.

All projects under the policy have to be toll based and the toll will be indexed on Wholesale Price Index (WPI).

Private sector could participate in new highway construction, rehabilitation of roads, construction of bypasses and rail-over-bridges and rail-under-bridges, express ways and maintenance of highways.

Private developers have to obtain the required permission from other State Government departments to build the facility.

Maximum concession period will be twenty years.

210. State Government proposes to actively pursue certain major road sector projects in the PPP mode during the Eleventh Plan. Ganga Expressway is the pioneer project of State government to be developed under PPP Policy from Greater Noida to Ballia. Under this project, an access-controlled eight-lane expressway will be constructed along the left bank of river Ganga through public-private partnership model.

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This project will greatly help in controlling floods and spurring the industrial growth in the districts along the route as also in cutting down drastically the travel time between eastern and western borders of the state. It will encourage tourism, industrial development and commercial activities in the State. This expressway will facilitate to the farmers from distant locations to transport their crops, especially perishable crops, to Delhi and other agro-markets in a short time. Flood affected land will be better utilized. Infrastructure development will stimulate economic and industrial growth as well, which will open vast avenues of employment generation.

211. Apart from Ganga Expressway, following road projects are also being implemented through public- private partnership:

Noida Toll Bridge Functional

Taj Expressway Under Construction

Other Expressways viz.

Ghaziabad-Saharanpur to Mohand;

Jhansi-Kanpur-Lucknow-Gorakhpur

to Kushinagar;Agra-Kanpur &

Bijnore-Moradabad toFategarh Under planning

State Highways Under Planning

212. Besides these projects railway over/under bridges are also being developed through public- private partnership model.

Health and Family Welfare

213. Family welfare department has indicated the following steps/ initiatives regarding public-private partnership:-

Population Policy of Uttar Pradesh advocates following strategies for involving private involvement in health sector in a big way:-

Private Institutions, meeting quality standards to provide Sterilizations, IUCD services and EmOC in each district will be identified in each district.

Private Medical Practitioners will be trained in providing quality FP services.

Wide publicity to be given to recognized institutions and people will be encouraged to utilize services at these institutions.

For private recognized health institutions, further support will be extended in the form of equipment and other resources.

Involving private sector in expanding RCH service delivery in rural and urban slum areas has been identified as a key component of RCH-II PIP. Currently the private sector is involved in providing 2/3rd of curative services and its contribution to maternal and child health family

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planning services is less than 1/3rd . Efforts have been made to try and enhance this ratio, through

Involvement of Corporate Sector

Involvement of Cooperative Sector

Camps at sub- center level

Involvement of Private Medical Practitioners

Medical Education As per norms, twenty more medical colleges need to be set up in the State. State Government

has decided that new medical colleges will be opened as PPP projects. The establishment of new Medical Colleges and Dental Colleges in the private sector is being promoted along with essential N.O.Cs being given for new Para-Medical Colleges in the private sector.

Under the Public-Private Partnership a C.T. scan and M.R.I. machine have been established in C.S.M.M.U, Lucknow which are providing good diagnostic services. In addition Cleanliness and Security Services are also being provided by Private companies on contract basis in the University.

Besides these efforts,the following initiatives can be taken for encouraging public-private partnership in this sector:-

The training of para-medicals can be provided through private agencies.

Diagnostic facilities, if not available in the medical colleges, can be provided by private pathological labs on sanctioned minimum rates.

Consultation through video conferencing / e-consultation / telemedicine.

Rural Development State Government is taking steps to involve the Private sector in rural development. Rural

Growth Centres are proposed to be set up in the State and a sum of Rs.100 crore has been set aside for this scheme.

State Government is taking steps to ease regulations which are curbing free enterprise in rural areas. All curbs which stunt growth of rural entrepreneurship must be identified and removed. These should cover all sectors such as agriculture, horticulture, agri-marketing, fisheries, dairy, cooperatives etc.

Power

Generation

214. Following power projects are being set up in the State under joint sector or through public private investment:-

Karchhana, Allahabad 1320 MW

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Bara, Allabahad 1980 MW

Roza, Shahjahanpur 600 MW

Meja, Allahabad 1320 MW

Anpara-C, (expansion) 1000 MW

Srinagar 300 MW

Obra (expansion) 1000 MW

Distribution

215. Collection based franchisees have been appointed in rural areas on commission basis to improve illing and collection efficiencies. At present 8600 villages are covered under this scheme. Two input based rural franchisees have also been appointed. Public-Private Participation in Urban areas is also being considered by way of Business Management/sharing basis.

Elementary Education

216. In Elementary Education sector, efforts are being made to seek cooperation of private sector in following areas:-

Donate a Computer

Build a Classroom

Library

Adopt a School- Provide Furniture for Children

Mid-Day Meal

Sarva Shikha Abhiyan Literacy programme is conducted under centrally sponsored scheme with the guidelines,

formulated by the Govt. of India. The programme is being operationalized in the state according to the policy framed by National Literacy Mission, Govt. of India. Whole literacy programme is conducted by a society at district level named, Zila Sakshrata Samiti, chaired by District Magistrate, under society Registration Act.

A central scheme of assistance to voluntary agencies as-private partners in literacy programmes is also being implemented under the guidelines of National Literacy Mission. Now a days, Govt. of India is trying to modify the whole of the central scheme of assistance to voluntary agencies so that the active and appropriate participation of NGO's may be involved on a massive scale for eradication of illiteracy in well defined areas.

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Secondary Education

217. Secondary Education plays an important role in developing the health, mind and moral character of human resources. At present, Govt. of U.P. runs 550 Govt. Higher Secondary schools for boys and girls in the state. Efforts are being made to provide various facilities and modern education, but limitation of resources is a major constraint. The following activities are being initiated in this regard: -

Non Recurring grant to Private management for opening of Girls High School in unserved Blocks

Grant to opening of girls High School/Inter collges by Private management in another Nyay Panchayat of served Block

One time assistance for opening of new schools by Private Management in rural areas

Urban Local Self Government Government has issued directions to Urban Local Bodies to involve private operators for

providing 50% uncovered area of a city solid waste management system. Under this system, the contractor/operators would provide sweepers, primary collection and transportation system. The contractor will follow MSW rules-2000. The coverage of this scheme is for 24 towns in first phase.

Municipal laws are being amended to facilitate public private partnership in various areas of urban services and management.

On the basis of Govt. of India guidelines for PFDF, State Govt. has decided to create a U.P. Urban Infrastructure Development Fund and this fund will be managed by U.P. Urban Infrastructure Development Corporation.

Presently, maintenance of public toilets which are constructed by Sulabh International, NEDA and other non-Governmental organizations are being maintained by the agencies concerned.

Government has decided to conduct Urban transportation Study in all six Metropolitan towns. Under this scheme, the infrastructure would be developed under JNNURM Scheme and rolling stock would be provided by private operators.

Operations and maintenance of modern slaughter houses at Agra.

Transport Setting up of 9 World Class Driving Schools

High Quality Transport System - To ensure hassle free transport system, bus routes will be made open for private operators. Arrangements are being made to manage transport system by private sector on all the 475 National Highways.

Civil Aviation International airport and aviation hub is proposed to be set up under public-private partnership

at Jewar. Besides, construction of new air-strips at Moradabad. Azamgarh and Chitrakoot as

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well as extension of air-strips at Meerut, Faizabad, Sultanpur, Shravasti and Kushinagar is also being done through public-private partnership. Aviation academics at Kushinagar, Sultanpur and faizabad are being set up under public-private partnership model.

Expected Investment through PPP

Particulars Amount (Rs. In Crs.)Noida-Ballia Expressway 30,000Network of 6 other Expressways 47,000Taj International Airport 4,000Power Generation 25,000Health including Multi-Speciality Hospitals 1,150Technical Education 450Transport Infrastructure 375Urban Rejuvenation 12,000Road Network,ROBs etc. 3,500Kushinagar International Airport 1,000Civil Aviation Projects 40 Total 124,515

Voluntary Sector

218. In order to facilitate and give a strong push to voluntary action in the fields of development planning, community mobilization and capacity building, a NGO Cell has been established in the Planning Department with the following objectives:

To act as a nodal agency for State Government - Voluntary Sector interface.

To prepare the data base of voluntary organizations working in the State.

To act as a facilitator for increasing the scope and reach of institutionalized voluntary group and promote their people-friendly working.

To streamline the selection procedure of voluntary organizations and make it transparent for implementation of development /welfare programme.

To coordinate the training needs between voluntary organizations and the concerned user departments of the State Government.

To evolve Monitoring and Evaluation systems for programmes being implemented by voluntary organizations.

To promote wider dissemination of the success stories of voluntary organizations and to promote programmes for their replication.

To evolve a Model ‘Code of Conduct’ for V O’s

219. The efforts of State Planning Commission in Uttar Pradesh are to integrate the voluntary sector in the planning and development process by creating an enabling environment conducive to growth of social

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entrepreneurship. As an important step to achieve this objective Manpower Planning Division, Planning Department is working, as a nodal agency for the GO-VO interface. It seeks to become the focal point from which an integrated and holistic view on the Voluntary Sector could be taken. N.G.O.Cell (Manpower Planning Division) has initiated an exercise to formulate the state policy for the Voluntary Organizations. An comprehensive data base of NGOs in the state is also being prepared.

Non-Government Organization (NGOs) According to Registrar Firms, Societies and Chits, Uttar Pradesh, 4.95 lakh NGOs are

registered in the state upto December, 2007 for charitable purposes and for the promotion of Khadi and Village industry, Panchayat industry, Rural Development, Science, Education, Health etc. Departments like Medical and Public Health, U.P. Health System Development Project, SIFPSA, Welfare Of Child and Women, Agriculture, Bhumi Sudhar, Diversification of Agriculture, Drinking Water and Sanitation, Social Welfare, Labour, Rural Development and Panchayati Raj are implementing several schemes with the help of NGOs.Various NGOs.

Self Help Groups State Departments/agencies like Rural Development, Bhumi Sudhar Nigam, DASP,

Department of Women Welfare are implementing departmental schemes with the help of Self Help Groups. 3.77 lakh Self Help Groups have been constituted up to December, 2007 in the state. About one lakh women self help groups formed by various departments are also part of these Self Help Groups. Some of the Groups formed, are being registered as NGOs for rural development works by Bhumi Sudhar Nigam.

Yuvak Mangal / Mahila Mangal Dal Yuvak Mangal Dals and Mahila Mangal Dals are being formed in the State by the Yuva Kalyan

Vibhag at Panchayat level. About 0.33 Lakh Yuvak Mangal Dals and 0.24 Lakh Mahila Mangal Dals were formed in the state upto Dec. 2007. Yuva Kalyan Vibhag is encouraging Mangal Dals to get them registered under Societies Registration Act 1860 for various activities related to sports, forestry, family planning and small saving etc. So far about 0.17 lakh Yuvak Mangal and 0.10 lakh Mahila Mangal Dals have been registered.

International Agencies In addition to the NGOs, SHGs and Mangal Dals some International Agencies such as CARE

India and UNICEF etc., are also working in the State for implementing their schemes and projects with the help of selected NGOs.

220. In U.P., Manpower Planning Division, has evolved a policy to empower the voluntary organizations through a special support mechanism to play their due role in the development process. In this policy focus will be to create replicable models of NGO-led development and NGO-delivered services that do not depend on Governmental intervention for growth.

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221. So far, a number of steps have been taken by the State Government to create an enabling environment for the Voluntary Sector and multiply opportunities for their vigorous collaboration in the implementation of various developmental and welfare programmes have been created. Some of the important measures taken by the State Government in this direction include:

Establishing State Advisory Committee headed by Chief Secretary for examining the rules/laws related to VOs and for taking other policy decisions.

Declaring Planning Department, Government of U.P. as the nodal department to coordinate and act as interface between VOs and Government.

222. Following decisions have been taken by the State Advisory Committee :- The State Advisery Committee has been reconstituted by giving representation to two NGOs –

one State level and the other International level. State Policy for Voluntary Sector should be prepared in accordance with the National Policy

on Voluntary Sector- 2007. A comprihensive data base of NGOs would be prepared. In the first phase only those VOs will

be included in the data base whose turn-over is Rs. 15 lakhs and above in the last three years (2004-05, 2005-06 and 2006-07), working in more than one districts in the state and registered under the Society Registration Act 1860.

In accordance with the decisions of State Advisory Committee, the State Advisory Committee has been reconstituted by giving representation to two NGO's- one State level i.e. SHERPA (Society for Himalayan Environmental Rehabilitation & Peoples Action) and other International level i.e. PATH (Programme for Appropriate technilogy for Health) and framing of the State Policy for the voluntary sector is under progress and expected to be finalise during the current financial year 2008-09.

Disaster Management

223. Uttar Pradesh is prone to diverse kind of disasters such as flood, drought, fire, and earthquake. In the recent past, many areas in the state have become vulnerable to industrial and chemical disasters due to rise of industrialization. Moreover, few incidences of man made disasters like bomb blast, terrorists attack etc. have posed new areas of disaster.

224. Recurring natural disasters in the State over the years have been causing severe damage and adversely affecting human, plant and animal life, property and environment. Considerable efforts have been made by the state government towards disaster management and it has initiated an integrated approach towards preparation, mitigation, reduction, relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction under various disaster management programmes.

Floods

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225. Of the various natural disasters, floods are the most common disaster which occur almost every year in Uttar Pradesh mostly affecting the eastern, central and Tarai regions of the state. Important rivers which create floods in the State are the Ganga, Yamuna, Ramganga, Gomti, Sharda, Ghaghra, Rapti and Gandak. The normal rainfall in the flood prone region is in the range of 60 cm to 190 cm, out of which more than 80% occur during the southwest monsoon. The rainfall increases from west to east and from south to north. Similar is the pattern of floods, the problem increases from west to east and south to north. Out of the 240.93 lakh hectare geographical area of the State, about 73.06 lakh hectare is flood prone. An average of 26.89 lakh hectares is affected by floods annually. According to a rough estimate, the average loss to crops, houses and livestock is to the tune of around Rs.2000 crores annually. The recent floods of 2007 in the state, caused large scale damages to life, property and agricultural crops.

Drought

226. Drought is another major disaster affecting Uttar Pradesh. The State has been divided into two meteorological sub-divisions, viz. U.P. East, and U.P. West. The recurrence period of highly deficient rainfall in East U.P. has been calculated to be 6 to 8 years whereas in West U.P. it is 10 years. The annual loss due to drought in the State varies depending on the severity of the drought. In the recent years, the year 2002, & 2004 were severe in terms of drought, with loss to crop, livestock and property assessed at Rs.7540 crores and Rs. 7292 crores respectively.

227. Bundelkhand region has been receiving deficient rainfall for the last 4 to 5 years. In 2007, most of the areas in Bundelkhand and Mirzapur division received less than 50 percent of the average annual rainfall. Deficient rainfall led to major loss in Kharif production and declaration of drought in the 9 district of Bundelkhand and Mirzapur divisiona.

Fires

228. Every year a large number of houses and other establishments are affected by fire in the state. In the rural areas, fires destroy thousands of houses and a sizeable part of agriculture crop every summer. Similarly, fire accidents are a common occurrence in the urban and industrial areas also.

229. The Fire Department in the state has planned to modernize the department and equip itself with required number of Rescue Tenders and Advanced Rescue Tenders, which are in shortage right now. Necessary resources are being made available to Fire Department for purchase of the same. The Fire Services Training Institute, Unnao, has been made the Nodal Institute for training in the area of Search & Rescue Operations and the institute is being strengthened by dovetailing resources of CRF and the funds available with the department. All the field level fire stations are being provided with the facility of the ‘Closed User Group’ mobile phone network in order to have a better co-ordination and faster communication by the civil administration in times of emergencies/accidents.

Earthquakes

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230. The state government is taking necessary steps to develop initiatives, both short term and long term required to develop preparedness for upcoming earthquakes and sensitize the civic administrators and citizens of the vulnerable urban and rural areas. Effort is being made to provide critical inputs to develop a robust rehabilitation program, which includes the damage assessment of the building stock, and their repair and reconstruction. It also pointed out to the dire need to build capacity among the technical community to tide over earthquake disasters, in terms of training on how to assess damages sustained by the buildings in the affected area, steps are required to take up retrofit buildings.

231. In short, a well equipped, robust earthquake engineering industry in Uttar Pradesh is being planned so that earthquake related products and services can be made available to the affected communities on professional basis. The necessary techno-legal framework is being developed in the state to ensure that all new constructions fulfill seismic requirements of the National Building Code.

Other Natural Hazards

232. Uttar Pradesh is also vulnerable to many other hazards such as cold wave, heat wave, hailstorm, cloud bursts and which cause huge damage to life, crop and property.

Man-made Hazards

233. Rise of modernization, industrialization and transportation have also created a situation for new kinds of man-made hazards. Appropriate steps are required so that such hazards do not result in major causalities and extensive damage to property and environment. The state government is taking necessary steps to mitigate the problems of man-made hazards such as accidents, industrial hazard, chemical hazard, terrorist activities, nuclear hazard and so on.

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