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Scientific Method, Microscopes & CellS
Chapters: 1.81.9, 4, & 5Scientific Method, Microscopes & CellsThe Scientific Method
Draw a conclusionDraw a conclusionVocabularyProblem Statement:
Hypothesis:
Independent Variable (IV).
Dependent Variable (DV)VocabularyControls / Constants:
The Control GROUP:
Experimental group:
Validity
How to increase ValidityThe experiment was
Experimental design includes
CompareLab reportsTitleProblem statementHypothesisMaterialsProcedureData / ResultsConclusions / Discussion
Format for conclusionIn this experiment we tested (problem statement)
My hypothesis was (if ___, then ____)
The data supports (or does NOT support) my hypothesis BECAUSE (back it up with actual #s from data)
Possible sources of error
Improvements / applicationsPenny LabPredict how many drops of water will fit on the surface of a penny.
How is this possible??!?!??!!?Is water sticky??
Surface tension:Waters importance to lifeWater is the _______________________
The majority of our bodies is made up of WATER
Ice and _______________ (good thing ice floats!)
Temperature regulation / high heat capacity
Search for extraterrestrials = search for WATERCharacteristics of life
The cell theory
Parts of the microscope
Total magnification =Exploring life & The life of the cellALL CELLS HAVE __________
DNA
Genes DNA is a ______________________Two long chains coiled together.
These chains are made up of four kinds of chemical building blocks, called nucleotides.
Types of cellsProkaryotes vs. EukaryotesEndosymbiosis
Cell Flow ChartAnimal CellsNo cell wall
Instead, they have a _____________________ _____________________
They also have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, which we will learn more about!
Plant Cells
Have a CELL WALL, nucleus, & membrane-bound organellesPractice! Stand up Sit downIs an animal cell eukaryotic?
Does a bacteria cell have a cell wall?
Is a plant cell prokaryotic?
Are plant and animal cells eukaryotic? Do plant cells have membrane-bound organelles?
Do bacteria cells have membrane-bound organelles?
Do animal cells have a nucleus?
What am I?I do not have any organelles. What am I?
I am a eukaryote WITH a cell wall. What am I?
I am a eukaryote without a cell wall. What am I?
I am a prokaryote WITH a cell wall. What am I?
Cell membraneThe outer boundary of any animal cell.
It is semi-permeable, meaning it
CytoplasmThe cytoplasm is the
It holds all other organelles in the cell.
NucleusThe cells information center.
The nucleus
RibosomesThe site of ______________________________________, or the production of proteins.
Rough Endoplasmic reticulumThe rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) is also a site of protein synthesis (because it is studded with ribosomes). The rough ER makes different types of proteins, which together, are necessary for the cell.
Smooth Endoplasmic reticulumThe smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER) synthesizes lipids (fats) and detoxifies potentially harmful substances.
Golgi body / apparatusThe golgi body / apparatus
VacuolesA vacuole is an open vessel which
MitochondriaA mitochondrion (plural = mitochondria) is the
It converts food energy to keep the organelles and the entire cell running.
LysosomeThe lysosome ________________________________
_________________________________________________
worn out cellular materials and foreign materials thatenter the cell.
Plant: Cell WALLThe cell wall
Plant: ChloroplastsChloroplasts contain chlorophyll, and are the
Cell ProjectYour goal is to create a model cell in any way, shape, or form imaginable! You may choose to work individually or with ONE other person. If you choose to work with a partner, be sure to put the time and effort into your project that goes above and beyond what you would do on your own.
Possible products: 3-D model, Childrens Book, Analogy, Short Story, Painting, Video, etc!!!
Please brainstorm & work on your outline for me to approve. These projects will be presented!Salty potatoes labGet 3 slices of potatoes and 3 beakers.Weigh each slice and record the starting weight.Pour 100 mL of water in 2 of the beakers.Add 2 spoonfuls of salt to the water of ONE beaker.Place one potato slice into each beaker.Predict what will happen to the weight, size, and texture of the potato at the end of class.The Cell Membrane & Transportation Of Molecules
Structure: Phospholipid bilayer
VocabularySemi-permeable
Diffusion
Osmosis
Example: What will happen?= salt= waterInside cellOutside cellHypotonic solutionThere is a higher concentration of water
Water will move into the cell, causing it to
Think HYPO = HIPPO!
Also: Hypo = low Tonic = solutes
Hypertonic solutionThere is a higher concentration of water
Water will move out of the cell,
Isotonic solutionThe concentration of water inside the cell and outside the cell are
Water will move freely in and out of the cell at the same rate, causing no overall change.
The cell is in Passive TransportWEEEE!!!!!Main ideaMolecules move freely from
This happens naturally and
Active TransportAww, this is gonna take ENERGY!!!Cell energy =Adenosine Tri-phosphateMain idea:Three types / examples of ACTIVE TRANSPORT:
Moving molecules from [low] to [high]
EXOCYTOSIS
Achoo!!EndocytosisThree ways:Phagocytosis:
Nom nom nom!EndocytosisENdocytosis = materials ENter the cell
Pinocytosis:
Gulp!EndocytosisENdocytosis = materials ENter the cell
Receptor mediatedFinding small amounts
Fill the Venn Diagram with AT LEAST 10 things!!!Passive TransportActive Transport