CHARACTERISTICS• EUKARYOTIC• MOST

MULTICELLULAR• HETEROTROPHIC :

SAPROBES OR PARASITIC

• BODY IS MADE OF HYPHAE

• HAVE CELL WALLS MADE OF CHITIN

• EARLIEST FUNGI FOSSILS ARE ABOUT 500 MILLION YEARS OLD

• A FUNGUS IN WASHINGTON STATE COVERS AN AREA OF 1500 ACRES

• FUNGI REPRODUCE ASEXUALLY AND SEXUALLY, AND ARE CHARACTERIZED BY THEIR METHOD OF REPRODUCTION

PROSPROS• EDIBLE• DECOMPOSERS• BREADS• PENICILLUM• CYCLOSPORINE• PREFERRED OVER

BACTERIA FOR GENETIC ENGINEERING

CONSCONS• ATHLETES FOOT• JOCK ITCH• YEAST

INFECTIONS• MOLDY BREAD• MILDEW • RINGWORM• SOME ARE TOXIC• HISTOPLASMOSIS

(95% in H.I.V. cases)• SICK BUILDING

SYNDROME

Fungi and History!

• Ergot is the common name of a fungus that infects grains.

• Eating infected bread made from the grains causes Ergotism.

• Ergotism causes convulsions, mental disturbances, and perceptual distortions.

• Women accused of witchcraft in the 1600’s may have been suffering from Ergotism!

S E X U A L R E P R O D U C TIO N

Z Y G O S P O R E S

Z Y G O M Y C O TA

A S C O S P O R E S

A S C O M Y C O TA

B A S ID IO S P O R E S

B A S ID IO M Y C O TA

U N K N O W N

D E U TE R O M Y C O TA

D IV IS IO N S

• 600 SPECIES• COMMONLY

FOUND IN SOIL & DUNG

• MOLDS

Shotgun Fungus

• “SAC FUNGI”• 30,000 SPECIES• FOUND IN SOIL,

DUNG, ROTTING LOGS, SALT AND FRESH WATER.

• INCLUDES: YEASTS, MORELS, TRUFFLES

• “CLUB FUNGI”

• 25,000 SPECIES

• MOSTLY TERRESTRIAL

• INCLUDES THE MUSHROOMS, TOADSTOOLS, PUFFBALLS, SHELF FUNGI, RUSTS AND SMUTS

• ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION IS CALLED FRAGMENTATION.

• THIS FORM OF REPRODUCTION IS RARE IN THIS GROUP, EXCEPT IN SOME RUSTS AND SMUTS.

• “FUNGI IMPERFECTI”

• 10,000 SPECIES• TERRESTRIAL• INCLUDES

ASPERGILLUS, PENICILLUM, ATHLETE’S FOOT, & RINGWORM

More Parasitic Fungi