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How can Materials be Identified?
• Why It Matters…• Different materials each have their own unique physical and chemical properties. Different paints, for example, have
different colors. The properties of a material determine ways it can be used.
Discovering new properties of a material can lead to new uses and advances in
technology.
Objectives for the Lesson
• Observe that the physical properties of a material can be recognized or measured without changing the kind of matter making up the material.
• Describe some physical properties that can be used to identify a material, such as
viscosity, density, melting point, boiling
point, solubility in water, and conductivity.
Viscosity Fans! Viscosity is a measure of how much a fluid substance resists flowing. vis-cos-i-ty Pushing a spoon using a small force moves it easily through a bowl of water, but the same force moves oatmeal very slowly.
Some people like their oatmeal runny with lots of milk (the low-viscosity oatmeal fans), while others like their oatmeal stickier(the high viscosity oatmeal fans).
Prepare to Investigate
• Inquiry Skill
When you use numbers, you use
numerical data, mathematical skills,
and language to describe and compare
objects and events.
You will be using all these skills today!
You will conduct the experimentwith your partner. Both of youwill complete the worksheet.However, you will be sharingsome of the materials with
your whole group.
Vocabulary Terms
• Volume-The space an object takes up.
• Mass –Amount of material an object
contains and causes it to have
weight.
Density-Mass per unit volume of a sub-
stance.
Don’t worry if you getconfused about theseterms. I will help you
as we go along. Believe it or not most adults could
not tell you the differencesbetween the terms.
Safety!
• We will wear aprons/ old T-shirts
• We will wear goggles
• We will clean up any spills immediately
to avoid injuries from slippery floors.
Scientific Method
• Question/Purpose/Comparison
• Hypothesis
• Materials
• Procedures
• Data
• Conclusion/Results
Materials
• Two 250-ml beakers• Vegetable oil• Water• Balance • Cardboard
• 2 books• Masking tape• Plastic wrap• 2 droppers• Timer or stop watch
ProceduresI
• 1. COLLABORATE: – Work with a partner. – Using the balance, find the mass of an empty
250-ml beaker. – Then add 100-ml of vegetable oil to the
beaker. Find the mass of the oil. – Record the results on apiece of notebook
paper. Be organized with the recording of your data. You will be sharing.
• 2. USE NUMBERS: – Repeat step 1 with the other beaker and 100-
ml of water.– Compare the masses of the two liquids. – Then subtract to find the difference. – Record your results.
Calculate Density
• The formula for calculating the density of
a substance is to divide its mass by its
volume. ( D=M/V)
• 3. OBSERVE: Pour the water into the oil and the stir the mixture with a plastic spoon. Observe the mixture for about
a minute. Record your observations.