Chemistry

Elements

• An element is a substance that ….

• …..Cant be broken down into simpler chemical substances

• How many naturally occurring elements are essential to living organisms?

• Who are the BIG 4 that make up 96% of your body mass? Did you get that 96%

• Just because I am not making you learn the trace elements are they any less important?

ATOMS

• What is in the center of the atom?• What is on the outside?• What are energy levels?

Isotopes

• The definition of an isotope is…..

• Same number of protons but……. A different number of neutrons.

• Example

• Carbon11

• Carbon 12

• Carbon13

Compounds and Bonding

• A compound is a substance that is composed of atoms of two or more DIFFERENT elements chemically combined. Example is H20

• WHY would they do this?

• Just like you they want to be stable

• All elements want to have their outermost shell filled . They can do this by

• 1.sharing electrons

• 2. giving an electrons away or

• 3. receiving an electron

Ionic bond

• An ionic bond is when we give an electron away or when we receive an electron.

Covalent bond

• A covalent bond is when we share an electron

Chemical Reaction

• Metabolism– All the chemical reactions that occur within an

organism

Chemical equations

Difference between mixtures and solutions

• A mixture is…

solution

Acids and bases

• pH is……

Polarity of water