Chapter 6 Vocabulary

Andrew Cohen1. MetalsAn element with high electrical conductivity, luster and malleability, which often loses electrons to form cations.2. NonmetalsA grouping on the periodic table, categorized by High ionization energy, High electronegativity, poor electroconductivity, poor luster, and they gain electrons very easily.3. semimetals/metalloidsA group on the periodic table classified by being directly in the middle of metals and nonmetals, having both properties depending on the element.4. alkali metalExhibit many of the common traits among metals. Special properties include having one electron in their outer shell and will easily lose it in order to form cations and bonds.5. alkaline earth metalAlso exhibit many common traits among metals, but have two electrons in their outer shell, low electronegativity, low electron affinities and they readily form cations6. halogensA grouping on the periodic table which is one away from the noble gasses, characterized by high electronegativity and seven valence electrons. They’re incredibly reactive with both the alkali metals and alkaline earth.7. noble gasesA grouping on the periodic table that is nonreactive, has a complete valence shell, has a high ionization energy, extremely low electronegativity and an incredibly low boiling point.8. transition metalsA grouping on the periodic table classified by High melting and boiling points, high electrical conductivity, low ionization energy and filling of the d orbital.9. inner transition metalsA group that includes the lanthanides and actinides which are commonly found below the periodic table. They are all highly radioactive.10. atomic radiusThe distance between the middle of a nucleus and the outer most area of an electron cloud.11. IonThe stabilization of an atom either by removal or addition of electrons.12. ionization energyThe minimum amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom.13. cationAn ion that is positive, due to the removal of electrons14. anionAn ion that is negative, due to the addition of electrons15. electronegativityTendency of an atom to bond with another. The most electronegative atom is Fluorine with a value of 4, and the value decreases from there.16. GroupA column of elements, of which there are 18 numbered groups, but the f-block is not labeled.