Children Literature Caca

7/30/2019 Children Literature Caca

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CHILDRENS LITERATURE ASSIGMENT

Written by:

IRMAWATI AHMAD

AG-3

40300109042

ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT

ADAB AND HUMANITIES FACULTY

STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF ALAUDDIN

MAKASSAR

2012


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CHILDREN'S LITERATURE

Children's literature as such probably started in the 17th century; it is generallybelieved that before then books were written mainly for adults. Additionally, mostprinted works were hard to come by due to their cost and were mostly available forpurchase only by upper class society. Scholarship on children's literature includesprofessional organizations, dedicated publications and university courses.


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17th CenturyIn 1658 Jan mos Komensk published the illustrated informational book Orbis

Pictus in Bohemia. It is considered to be the first picture book published specifically forchildren. Also during this time, Charles Perrault (16281703) laid the foundations of the

fairy tale in France. His stories include Little Red Riding Hood, Sleeping Beauty, Puss inBoots, and Cinderella.

Influential authors: John Bunyan (16281688) - Pilgrim's Progress, JamesJaneway (16361674) -A Token For Children

18th CenturyIn 1744 John Newbery published A Little Pretty Pocket-Book in England. He sold

it with a ball for boys or a pincushion for girls. It is considered a landmark for the

beginning of pleasure reading marketed specifically to children. Previously, literaturemarketed for children had been intended to instruct the young, though there was a richoral tradition of storytelling for children and adults. But by the time William Blake'sSongs of Innocence was published in 1789, books written specifically for the use ofchildren outside of school had become, according to F.J. Harvey Darton, "a clear butsubordinate branch of English literature." Popular examples of this growing branchincluded Thomas Day's The History of Sandford and Merton (1783-9) - which embodiesmany of the educational and philosophical tenets espoused by Jean-Jacques Rousseau -and Maria and Richard Lovell Edgeworth's Practical Education: The History of Harry and

Lucy (1780), which urged children to teach themselves.

Influential authors: John Newbery (17131767) -A Little Pretty Pocket-BookIntended for the Instruction and Amusement of Little Master Tommy and Pretty Miss

Molly

19th CenturyWilhelm (left) and Jakob Grimm (right) from an 1855 painting by Elisabeth

Jerichau-Baumann.

In the early 19th century the brothers Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm wrote downand preserved tales told by oral tradition in Germany, such as Snow White, Rapunzel,and Hansel and Gretel (1812). Recent research suggests that many such tales werebased ultimately on written materials, usually French or Italian.[11] One of many


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didactic An English writer popular in the first half of the nineteenth century was MariaElizabeth Budden.

From 1830 to 1834 Russian poet Alexander Pushkin published his Russianfolklore-based fairy tales in verse: The Tale of the Priest and of His Workman Balda

(1830), The Tale of Tsar Saltan (1831), The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish (1833),The Tale of the Dead Princess (1833), The Tale of the Golden Cockerel (1834).

Between 1835 and 1848 Hans Christian Andersen (18051875) of Denmarkpublished his beloved fairy tales: The Little Mermaid (1836), The Emperor's NewClothes (1837), The Ugly Duckling (1844), The Snow Queen (1845) and others. During

Andersen's lifetime he was feted by royalty and acclaimed for having brought joy tochildren across Europe. His fairy tales have been translated into over 150 languagesand continue to be published in millions of copies all over the world and inspired many

other works.[12] "The emperor's new clothes" and "ugly duckling" are expressions thathave passed into the English language.

In 1865 Lewis Carroll (18321898) published Alice's Adventures in Wonderland inEngland. The tale plays with logic in ways that have given the story lasting popularity toadults as well as children. It is considered to be one of the most characteristic examplesof the genre of literary nonsense, and its narrative course and structure has beenenormously influential, mainly in the fantasy genre.

Also in 1865, Mary Mapes Dodge published Hans Brinker, or the Silver Skates,

the story of a Dutch boy who seeks a speed skating prize--silver skates--in a boy's race.Hans lets a friend win, because the friend needs the prize more.

In 1880 Johanna Spyri (18271901) published Heidi (1880) in Switzerland. Thesubtitle declared that it is a book "for children and those who love children".

In 1881 Joel Chandler Harris (18451908) published Uncle Remus, a collection ofstories narrated by the fictional storyteller Uncle Remus and featuring Br'er Rabbit andother animals speaking African-American dialect.

In 1883 Carlo Collodi wrote his puppet story, The Adventures of Pinocchio as a

first Italian fantasy novel for the children of Italy.

In 1883 Robert Louis Stevenson wrote the classic pirate adventure novelTreasure Island. Traditionally considered a coming-of-age story, it is an adventure taleknown for its atmosphere, character and action, and also a wry commentary on theambiguity of moralityas seen in Long John Silver. It is one of the most frequentlydramatised of all novels, and its influence on popular perception of pirates is vast.


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In 1894 Rudyard Kipling published The Jungle Book, a collection of stories abouta boy who lives in the jungle with animals, that has been made into a series ofanimated and live-action film adaptations.

In 1900 L. Frank Baum (18561919) published The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. It

has been constantly in print since. It is one of the best-known stories in Americanculture and has been translated into 40 languages. Its success led Baum to writethirteen sequels. Other authors continued the series for decades.

Influential authors: John A. Moroso (18741957) - Nobody's Buddy, EdithNesbit (18581924) - The Railway Children, Five Children and It, The Phoenix and theCarpet, The Story of the Amulet

20th CenturyIn 1902 Beatrix Potter published The Tale of Peter Rabbit, that follows Peter

Rabbit, a mischievous and disobedient young rabbit, as he ventures into the garden ofMr. McGregor. The book has generated considerable merchandise over the decadessince its release with toys, dishes, foods, clothing, videos and other products madeavailable. Potter was one of the first to be responsible for such merchandise when shepatented a Peter Rabbit doll in 1903.

In 1908 Kenneth Grahame wrote The Wind in the Willows from his retiredposition as secretary of the Bank of England. He moved to the country, where he spenthis time in the River Thames doing much as the animal characters in his book do;namely, as one of the most famous phrases from the book says, "simply messing aboutin boats" for his son.

In 1911 J.M Barrie (18601937) published Peter and Wendy where Peter Pan,one of the most famous characters in children's literature, magically refuses to grow upand spends his never-ending childhood in the small island called Neverland.

In 1920 Hugh Lofting wrote The Story of Doctor Dolittle, the first of ten DoctorDolittle books.

In 1926 A. A. Milne wrote Winnie-the-Pooh, chapter stories about an adorablebumbling teddy bear, his best friend Piglet, and other animal characters. The House atPooh Corner, more Pooh stories, followed in 1928.

In 1933 Laura Ingalls Wilder (18671957) published the first installment of theLittle House on the Prairie series in the United States based on her childhood in aWestern-pioneering family. The books have remained continuously in print since theirinitial publication and are considered classics of American children's literature. Severalof them were named Newbery Honor books. They remain widely read. The books were


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also adapted into a long running, popular American television series, Little House on thePrairie.

In 1934 Pamela L. Travers wrote Mary Poppins, the first of a long series of booksabout a magical nanny and the children she shepherded. The last Mary Poppins book

was published in 1989.

In 1945 E. B. White (co-author of Strunk and White's The Elements of Style),wrote Stuart Little, the story of an intelligent, semi-anthropomorphic mouse who saileda tiny boat and drove a tiny car. A few years later, in 1952, White published Charlotte'sWeb, the story of a barnyard spider and her animal friends.

In 1950 C. S. Lewis (18981963) published the first of installment of hisChronicles of Narnia series in the UK. The Chronicles of Narnia has sold over 120 millioncopies in 41 languages, and has been adapted several times, complete or in part, for

radio, television, stage, and cinema. In addition to numerous traditional Christianthemes, the series borrows characters and ideas from Greek and Roman mythology, aswell as from traditional British and Irish fairy tales.

In 1957 Theodore Seuss Geisel, writing under the pen name Dr. Seuss, wrote thefirst and best known of his Dr. Seuss books: The Cat in the Hat. Several sequelsfollowed. Also in 1957, the next best known Dr. Seuss book, How the Grinch StoleChristmas, was published.

In 1964 Roald Dahl wrote Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, the story of Charlie

Bucket's adventures inside Willy Wonka's chocolate factory. At the end of the story,Charlie wins a prize--the chocolate factory!

In 1990 J. K. Rowling wrote The Harry Potter Series, in which 3 charactersembark on new adventures across 7 books, all leading up to an epic battle betweengood and evil. The main characters are Harry Potter, Hermione Granger and RonaldWeasley.

Influential authors: Hardie Gramatky (19071979) - Little Toot, RumerGodden (19071998) - The Doll's House, The Mousewife, The Diddakoi

21st CenturyIn 2001, Eoin Colfer (born 1965) published the first installment of his Artemis Fowlseries in Ireland. In 2008, titles from the series spent six weeks at number one andhelped the Penguin Group post record profits in a tough economy


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Influential authors: Paula Danziger (19442004) - The Cat Ate My Gymsuit,Amber Brown series, Antonia Forest (19152003) - Autumn Term, Falconer's Lure &others in the Marlow Family series

Comic BooksA comic book (often shortened to simply comic and sometimes called a funnybook, comic paper, or comic magazine) is a magazine made up of comics, narrative

artwork in the form of separate panels that represent individual scenes, oftenaccompanied by dialog (usually in word balloons, emblematic of the comic book artform) as well as including brief descriptive prose. The first comic book appeared in theUnited States in 1933, reprinting the earlier newspaper comic strips, which establishedmany of the story-telling devices used in comics. The term "comic book" arose becausethe first comic books reprinted humor comic strips. Despite their name, comic books are


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not necessarily humorous in tone; modern comic books tell stories in a variety ofgenres.

Comic book also include as children literature because in comic book

there are entertaining story, interesting things, because comic tell about

story with a picture and then the children like it very much.

CartoonA cartoon is a form of two-dimensional illustrated visual art. While the specific

definition has changed over time, modern usage refers to a typically non-realistic orsemi-realistic drawing or painting intended for satire, caricature, or humor, or to the

artistic style of such works.A cartoon (from the Italian "cartone" and Dutch word "karton", meaning strong,heavy paper or pasteboard) is a full-size drawing made on sturdy paper as a study ormodello for a painting, stained glass or tapestry. Cartoons were typically used in theproduction of frescoes, to accurately link the component parts of the composition whenpainted on damp plaster over a series of days (giornate).

Cartoon is a part of children literature, because cartoon show the

unique picture or character and the cartoonist made it for children, but

cartoon is not only for children, but also for adult.

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Children Literature Caca