Chillventa CONGRESS 2018 - waermepumpe-izw.de

1

NCC Ost

NürnbergMesse, Arbeitstitel, Datum

Chillventa CONGRESS 2018

INDUSTRIAL HEAT PUMPS IN AUSTRIA Current status and future potentials

V. Wilk, A. Arnitz, R. Rieberer

ENERGY USE IN AUSTRIA

Statistics Austria, STATcube – Statistische Datenbank von STATISTIK AUSTRIA, Nutzenergieanalyse 2016 (useful energy analysis), access 23.03.2018

Dairy

FOOD INDUSTRY

• Berglandmilch eGen / Tirol Milch Wörgl • Joint project with Stadtwerke Wörgl • Installed by Frigopol in 2015

3 heat pumps with a total • cooling capacity: 2070 kW • heating capacity: 2750 kW

• Heat source: chillers, up to 45°C • Heat sink: 78°C, for district heating

4 08/11/2018 Photo: Frigopol Hochtemperatur-Wärmepumpen, http://www.frigopol.com/wp-content/uploads/54b8ce0cdfdd6.pdf

Further details: A. Baumhakel, Frigopol Kälteanlagen GmbH, www.frigopol.com

http://www.frigopol.com/wp-content/uploads/54b8ce0cdfdd6.pdf

Brewery

FOOD INDUSTRY

• Puntigamer • C&P Immobilien AG • KELAG Energie&Wärme GmbH

2 heat pumps with a total heating capacity: 1220 kW (Frigopol, 2018)

• Heat source: brine ammonia chiller,

14-25°C • Heat sink: 46 and 75°C, residential area

(Brauquartier Puntigam) 5 Photo: https://www.puntigamer.at/brauereifuehrung/#lg=1&slide=6, 30.05.2018

Koglbauer, Zanker, District heating by heat recovery from the brewing process of the brewery Puntigam, ISEC 2018, Graz, p118-124.

https://www.puntigamer.at/brauereifuehrung/

Injection moulding

PLASTICS INDUSTRY

• Bergs Kunststofftechnik GmbH • Ochsner Energietechnik GmbH

1 heat pumps with a total heating capacity of 110 kW (2010)

• Heat source: process waste heat

(cooling water), 10-20°C • Heat sink: 60°C, heating applications

6 Further information: K. Ochsner, Ochsner Energietechnik GmbH, Ochsner-Straße 1, 3350 Haag

7 08.11.2018

Heat sources: • waste water: 20 – 40°C, also contaminated • off gas : 60 – 80°C, high humidity, contaminated • waste heat from chillers: ca. 30°C • waste heat from process cooling (cooling water): ca. 50°C

Heat demand: • process water: 50 – 80°C • steam: 105 – 210°C • air preheating, feed water preheating Capacity: • up to the MW range

WHERE TO USE A HEAT PUMP IN INDUSTRY?

INDUSTRIAL HEAT PUMPS: NOW AND IN THE FUTURE

Hartl et al. Österreichische Technologie- und Umsetzungsroadmap für Wärmepumpen, Berichte aus Energie- und Umweltforschung Nr. 8/2016, im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie, June 2016

• Planning process of industrial heat pumps • Interaction of multiple stakeholders

• New methods: • dynamic simulations • mathematical programming

• Optimization of industrial sites: • Design optimization • Operation optimization • Interaction of multiple heat suppliers, storages and consumers

• Connected devices

RESEARCH QUESTIONS: PROCESS INTEGRATION

9 08/11/2018

Industrial Heat Pump Applications in Japan

Takenobu KAIDA Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI)

Chillventa CONGRESS 2018 Nuremberg, Germany

October 15, 2018

©CRIEPI

Installation Target of IHPs by the Government

11

“The Plan for Global Warming Countermeasures” Decided by the Cabinet on May 13, 2016 26% reduction of GHG emissions by FY2030 compared to FY2013

(= 367 million ton-CO2 reduction)

The role of industrial heat pumps (IHPs) Over 150 times spread

(11 MW in FY2013 to 1,673 MW in FY2030) 1.35 million ton-CO2 reduction

(= about 0.4% of total GHG emissions reduction )

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

FY20

13 '14

'15

'16

'17

'18

'19

'20

'21

'22

'23

'24

'25

'26

'27

'28

'29

'30

Expected

Actual

Expected

Cum

ulat

ive

Inst

alla

tion

Heat

ing

Capa

city

[MW

]

Source: METI (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry) & MOE (Ministry of the Environment) Joint Meeting, Feb. 28, 2018 [in Japanese]

©CRIEPI

Installation Situation | Industry and Process

12

Food industry: the most, various process, simultaneous heating & cooling Machinery, Electronics and Chemistry: steam-less AC for clean room Agriculture: AC for green house Paper industry: large potential but small application

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Food (33) Machinery (18) Electronics (10) Chemistry (10) Agriculture& Fisheries (7)

Paper (3) Unknown (3)

Num

ber o

f Ins

talla

tion

Case

Heating

Heating& Cooling

Hot Water Supply

Drying

Distillation or Condensation

Air Conditioning

©CRIEPI

Installation Situation | Type of Heat Pump

13

Hot water supply type is used most often. Circulation heating > Once-through heating

22

17

5

1

4

7

7

12

2

5

2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Air Source | Hot Water Supply HP

Water Source | Hot Water Supply HP

Air & Water Source | Hot Water Supply HP

Water Source | Hot Air Supply HP

Water Source | Steam Supply HP

Mechanical Vapor Recompression

Others (PAC, OAC, Unknown)

Number of Installation Case

Circulation HeatingOnce-thorough Heating

©CRIEPI

Installation Situation | Heating Capacity & Supply Temperature

14

The required heating capacity and temperature depend on the process. Many installations in the hundreds of kW class (700kW ≃ 1 ton/h steam boiler) Many installations of 65°C or 90°C hot water supply

4

12

7

19

12

5

25

0 5 10 15 20 25

Q≤10 [kW]

10<Q≤50 [kW]

50<Q≤100 [kW]

100<Q≤500 [kW]

500<Q≤1,000 [kW]

1,000<Q≤3,000 [kW]

Unknown


Heating Capacity18

8

18

7

15

0

4

1

13

0 5 10 15 20 25

T≤50 [°C]

50<T≤60 [°C]

60<T≤70 [°C]

70<T≤80 [°C]

80<T≤90 [°C]

90<T≤110 [°C]

110<T≤120 [°C]

120<T≤130 [°C]

Unknown


Supply Temperature

©CRIEPI

Other Simultaneous Heating & Cooling Application

15

Noodle production Application of brine source heat pump hot water heater Primary energy consumption: 35% reduction

Boiler Boiling bath Cooling bath

98°C 1°C

Boiler Boiling bath Cooling bath

98°C 1°C

Fuel Fuel

Feed Water 17°C Feed Water 17°C

Chiller

1°C

Feed Water 17°C

-5°C

1°C 90°C Heat Pump

Hot Water Tank Ice thermal

storage tank

Before

Application of Heat Pump

After

©CRIEPI

Conclusions

16

Installation Situation of Industrial Heat Pumps in Japan Installation target by the government is heating capacity of 1,673 MW by FY2030. Heating capacity of 88.1 MW was installed before FY2016. The most have been installed in “Food industry.” The HP type used most often is “Circulation heating hot water supply HP.”

Effective Applications Reduction of heat load by installation near process

‒ Leads to high COP operation by low temperature lift and self heat recovery

Simultaneous heating and cooling ‒ Applied industry: Food industry, Machinery

Mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) ‒ Applied process: Concentration, Distillation, Drying ‒ In the case of high BPR for distillation, indirect self heat recovery is selected.

Semi-hermetic NH3 Chiller/Heatpump

• Introduction of SRM • Project

– Objective – Technical Solution – Summary and Conclusion

Agenda

8/11/2018 17


• Van-Hout, Nederland, Contractor and Consultants

• ECR Nederland, System Designer, Rack-Builder and Wholesaler

• SRM, Compressors and Packages

8/11/2018 18

Project Team

SRM Europe


• Re-use of defunct Philips factory/office buildings • Conversion into office and residential appartements (40.000m2)

– work/life balance by integration of living and working features • gym/leisure complex • restaurants/shopping areas

– short distances between office and residential areas – close connection to public transport

• Green building concept: – bio mass power plant – solar energy usage= photo-voltaic and solar thermal systems – roof top gardens – High efficient natural refrigerant cooling and heating systems

8/11/2018 19

Project Objective

SRM Europe


• Highly Efficient Heating/Cooling System – Suction Gas-Cooled Compressor with

Permanent Magnet Motor • with aluminium windings to be not affected by

ammonia • for constant torque and efficiency throughout the

all load scenarios

– Variable Vi to adapt to summer/winter mode

– Inverter Frequency Speed control for perfect adaptation to required capacity

– Economizer operated for best COP – Plate-in-Shell Heat Exchangers

• ΔT of 2K = ↑Te, ↓ Tc => better COP

8/11/2018 20

Technical Objective

SRM Europe


8/11/2018 21 SRM Europe

Decreasing energy consumption of heating and air conditioning system with energy-efficient heat pump

combined with natural energy

Xianting Li Department of building science

Tsinghua University 2018/11/8

Chillventa International Exhibition, Nuremberg

Building Energy Consumption in the World

Data from: Tsinghua University Building Energy Saving Research Center: Annual Report on China Building Energy Efficiency, China Architecture and Building Press, Beijing, 2015 (in Chinese).

Service

China

Developed countries

Energy consumption per capita

Energy disaster will happen if we keep in the

traditional way

Building energy consumption of the major countries in the world in 2010

Area of the circle represents amount of consumption (M tce)

Developing countries will consume more and more energy in the future

8

24

℃

-10

-20

0

10

20

30

40

Mechanical refrigeration + natural cooling Save energy by employing outdoor

cold Two dependent cooling devices

CRAC Units

Glycol cooler Thermosyphon

Water side economizer Air side economizer

Natural cooling systems

Problems

• Space

• Investment

• Control

• Maintenance

Existing technologies (4)

25

New idea and methods Ⅲ

Effects of hybrid cooling technology Ⅳ

Effects of hybrid sources heat pump systems Ⅴ

Effects of fuel-driven heat pump systems Ⅵ

Brief introduction of hybrid cooling technology

26

Tin

Tout Cooling load

Jan. Mar. Jul. Oct.

Te

Tc

Te

Tc

Two-phase closed thermosyphon loop

Condenser

Evaporator

Vapor compression refrigeration

Scroll compressor Condenser

Evaporator

Expansion valve

with refrigeration release

Te

Tc

Compressor with smaller pressure ratio to relieve

over compression

S

Three way valve

solenoid valve

Three modes in accordance with variable Tout

VII. Summary It is important to decrease the energy usage for heating and air conditioning The load grading provide a way for more natural energy usage and more period

for efficient heat pump in different climate. Making full use of natural energy can help heat pump play a great role in clean

heating and efficient air conditioning. Natural energy can be used combined with heat pump, like hybrid cooling technology Different kinds of natural energy can also be used in the way of hybrid sources heat pump so

that the efficiency and reliability of heat pump can be improved When natural energy is combined with fuel-drive absorption heat pump, the primary energy

efficiency of hot water will be improved a lot.

52

Revisiting R22 Replacement Options Comparison between R-22, R-404A, R-448A, R-407A and R-407H

Authors: Ivan Rydkin – Daikin America Hitomi Arimoto, Shun Ohkubo – Daikin Industries Matej Visek, Xinzhong Li, Pega Hrnjak – Creative Thermal Solutions

Refrigerants Evaluated R22 R404A R407A R407H R448A

Global Warming Potential (GWP AR5) 1760 3943 1920 1380 1273

Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP 1) 0.055 0 0 0 0

Boiling Point at 1atm (°C) -40.8 -46.2 -45.5 -44.6 -46.1

Molecular Weight 86.5 97.6 90.1 79.1 86.3

Saturated Liquid Pressure at 23.9°C (Mpa) 1.01 1.22 1.15 1.20 1.19

Critical Pressure (Mpa) 4.99 3.73 4.41 4.85 4.66

Critical Temperature (°C) 96.1 72.1 82.3 86.6 83.7

Liquid Density at 25°C (kg/m3) 1190 1044 1145 1112 1100

Vapor Density at 25°C (kg/m3) 44.2 65.7 49.8 41.7 46.1

ASHRAE Classification A1 A1 A1 A1 A1

Lubricant MO POE, PVE POE, PVE POE, PVE POE, PVE

Composition by wt. R22(100%) R125(44%) R134a(52%) R143a(4%)

R32(20%) R125(40%) R134a(40%)

R32(32.5%) R125(15%)

R134a(52.5%)

R32(26%) R125(26%) R134a(21%)

R1234yf(20%) R1234ze(E)(7%)

Experimental Set-Up

Condensing unit: • Air cooled • Two different sized scroll compressors • VFD controlled

• Speed control (45 to 75Hz) VFD • Compressors with liquid injection • MT application operates w/o liquid injection • POE Refrigerant Oil • Oil separator with compressor oil return • Compressor oil level monitoring • Subcooler loop with EEV and EPR • Conditioned with a secondary heater • Scroll compressors rated for R404A, R22

• ZF06 – MT: 3.7kW, LT: 1.4kW • ZF11 – MT: 6.5kW, LT: 2.4kW

Experimental Set-Up

Mass flow meters • Liquid injection refrigerant flow meter • Sub-cooler refrigerant flow meter • Condenser • Cases

• Pressures • Compressor suction • Compressor discharge • Condenser outlet • Chamber in • Sub-cooler loop • Oil reservoir • DP oil filter

• Temperature using T type TC immersion probes • Compressor suction • Compressor discharge • Condenser outlet • Sub-cooler outlet • Chamber in • Chamber outlet • Sub-cooler loop

Medium Temperature Averages over 24 hours Middle Temperature MT Details and Results

R22 R404A R407A R448A R407H R22 R404A R407A R448A R407H

Units MT 25°C MT 35°C

Compressor Suction C 16.68 13.07 18.34 18.14 14.81 16.89 16.34 14.76 13.25 15.21

Compressor Superheat K 24.75 21.76 22.51 20.13 21.71 26.25 25.34 20.03 15.67 22.89

Compressor Discharge C 92.71 75.76 80.51 78.95 90.04 113.03 93.04 104.12 101.55 113.68

Condenser Outlet C 31.78 32.21 31.35 30.62 29.97 42.72 42.79 42.08 41.72 41.53

Condenser Subcooling K 1.19 0.97 0.74 3.18 1.38 1.23 0.85 0.75 3.01 1.37

Liquid Temperature after Subcooler C 19.36 16.73 19.78 17.74 20.76 18.60 25.19 20.49 19.73 19.55

Mechanical Subcooling K 12.42 15.49 11.57 12.88 9.21 24.12 17.61 21.59 21.99 21.98

Cooling Capacity (Cases) kW 7.08 6.87 6.91 6.97 6.81 7.31 6.92 7.02 7.10 6.97

COP Refrigerant Circuit (Compressors) - 2.67 2.30 2.33 2.33 2.50 1.96 1.71 1.63 1.69 1.66

COP System (Condenser + Cases) - 1.55 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.48 1.29 1.18 1.13 1.16 1.15

0,002,004,006,008,00

R22

R404

AR4

07A

R448

AR4

07H

R22

R404

AR4

07A

R448

AR4

07H

MT 25°C MT 35°C

Middle Temperature MT setting

Aver

age

Pow

er (k

W)

Compressors power

All runing cases

Condenser fan power

Summary

Evaluation of R407H in Supermarket / Condenser type conditions • Newly introduced R407H provides demonstrates good performance among the evaluated

alternatives. • COP of R407H is 5-9% higher compared to R404A. And on par if not slightly better than R448A,

R407A. • Accounting for GWP, component availability, and well understood chemistry R407H could provide

an effective option for commercial refrigeration applications. Commercial Refrigeration Non-azeotropic refrigerants(R407H, R407A, R448A, R449A…) • Proposed alternatives are all NON-azeotropic refrigerants. • Temperature glide should be considered when operating (midpoint control, defrosting…) • Temperature glide should be considered when designing new systems to account for evaporator

and control system design.

ulster.ac.uk

Heat Pumping Technologies for Commercial and Industrial Applications

Professor Neil J Hewitt

Lecture was not presented

Heat Pumping Technologies for Commercial and Industrial Applications – A UK Perspective

This talk will address: UK energy pricing – a challenge for Electrically Driven Heat Pumps? The role of thermal storage Performance of Heat Pumps deployed Impacts of new working fluids

And to Conclude Industrial and Commercial Heat Pumps in the UK

The Usual Challenges Good Design of the whole system is necessary Costs and Benefits need to be demonstrated The New Market Paradigms Linked with thermal storage leads to demand side response Role of heat pumps needs to be established in Electricity Grid Services

High Temperature Heat Pumps 1) Market & Research Status, Refrigerants, Application Potentials 2) Results with a laboratory-scale heat pump using HCFO R1233zd Cordin Arpagaus1, Frédéric Bless1, Michael Uhlmann1, Elias Büchel1, Stefan Frei1, Jürg Schiffmann2, Stefan S. Bertsch1

1 NTB University of Applied Sciences of Technology Buchs, Switzerland 2 Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland

Chillventa, 15 October 2018, Nurenberg 1 [email protected]

Classification of High Temperature Heat Pumps (HTHPs)

HP: conventional heat pump HTHP: high temperature heat pump

VHTHP: very high temperature heat pump

adapted from Bobelin et al. (2012), IEA (2014), Jakobs und Laue (2015) P l (2012 2014)

Development of temperature levels

adapted from Nellissen und Wolf (2015)

Focus on vapor compression heat pumps

VHTHP

3 [email protected]

4 [email protected]

10 [email protected]

16

Refrigerants for HTHPs

CFC = Chlorofluorocarbons, HCFC = Hydrochlorofluorocarbons, HFC = Hydrofluorocarbons, HFO = Hydrofluoroolefins, HCFO = Hydrochlorofluoroolefins HC = Hydrocarbons, Tcrit = critical temperature, pcrit = critical pressure, ODP = Ozone Depletion Potenial (R11=1.0, UNEP, 2017), GWP100 = Global Warming Potential

(CO2=1.0, 100 years, EU F-Gas Regulation 517/2014, Myhre et al., 2013), SG = Safety Group (DIN EN 378-1, 2008, ASHRAE 34), NBP = Boiling point at 1.013 bar, M = Molecular weight, Relativer price per kg refrigerant compared to CO2 of 9 Euro/kg (based on a 10 kg vessel, October 2017), n.a. = price not yet available but close to market,

aSolkane®365mfc from Solvay, bSolkatherm®SES36 from Solvay, cLewandowski et al. (2010), dR245fa from Linde or Honeywell (Genetron® 245fa).eOpteon™ MZ from Chemours, fFukuda et al. (2014), gJuhasz (2017), hSolstice®zd from Honeywell, iAMOLEA® 1224yd from AGC Chemicals, jNovecTM 649 from 3M, kMolecular biological

Type Refrigerant Description Chemical Formula Tcrit [°C]

pcrit [bar]

ODP [-]

GWP [-] SG NBP

[°C] M

[g/mol] Relative price

[-]

CFC R113 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane CCl2FCClF2 214.0 33.9 0.85 5‘820 A1 47.6 187.4 Prohibited

accoding to Montréal Protocol

R114 1,2-Trichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane CClF2CClF2 145.7 32.6 0.58 8‘590 A1 3.8 170.9

HCFC

R123 2,2-Dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane C2HCl2F3 183.7 36.6 0.03 79 B1 27.8 152.9 R21 Dichlorofluoromethane CHCl2F 178.5 51.7 0.04 148 B1 8.9 102.9 R142b 1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane CH3CCl2F 137.1 40.6 0.065 782 A2 -10.0 100.5 R124 1-Chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane C2HClF4 126.7 37.2 0.03 527 A1 -12.0 136.5

HFC

R365mfca 1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluorobutane CF3CH2CF2CH3 186.9 32.7 0 804 A2 40.2 148.1 8.9 SES36b R365mfc/perfluoro-polyether R365mfc/PFPE (65/35) 177.6 28.5 0 3'126c A2 35.6 184.5 10.5 R245ca 1,1,2,2,3-Pentafluoropropane CHF2CF2CH2F 174.4 39.3 0 716 n.a 25.1 134.0 n.a. R245fad 1,1,2,2,3-Pentafluoropropane CHF2CH2CF3 154.0 36.5 0 858 B1 14.9 134.0 6.6 R236fa 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoropropane CF3CH2CF3 124.9 32.0 0 8‘060 A1 -1.4 152.0 10.2 R152a 1,1-Difluoroethane CH3CHF2 113.3 45.2 0 138 A2 -24.0 66.1 n.a. R227ea 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane CF3CHFCF3 101.8 29.3 0 3'350 A1 -15.6 170.0 6.9 R134a 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane CH2FCF3 101.1 40.6 0 1'300 A1 -26.1 102.0 1.2 R410A R32/R125 (50/50 mixture) CH2F2/CHF2CF3 72.6 49.0 0 2'088 A1 -51.5 72.6 2.9

HFO

R1336mzz(Z)e 1,1,1,4,4,4-Hexafluoro-2-butene CF3CH=CHCF3(Z) 171.3 29.0 0 2 A1 33.4 164.1 n.a. R1234ze(Z) cis-1,3,3,3-Tetrafluoro-1-propene CF3CH=CHF(Z) 150.1 35.3 0 <1 A2Lf 9.8 114.0 n.a. R1336mzz(E)g trans-1,1,1,4,4,4,-Hexafluoro-2-butene CF3CH=CHCF3(E) 137.7 31.5 0 18 A1 7.5 164.1 n.a. R1234ze(E) trans-1,3,3,3-Tetrafluoro-1-propene CF3CH=CHF(E) 109.4 36.4 0 <1 A2L -19.0 114.0 5.6 R1234yf 2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoro-1-propene CF3CF=CH2 94.7 33.8 0 <1 A2L -29.5 114.0 13.8

HCFO R1233zd(E)h 1-chloro-3,3,3-Trifluoro-propene CF3CH=CHCl(E) 166.5 36.2 0.00034 1 A1 18.0 130.5 6.3 R1224yd(Z)i 1-chloro-2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoro-propene CF3CF=CHCl(Z) 155.5 33.3 0.00012 <1 A1 14.0 148.5 n.a.

HC

R601 Pentane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 196.6 33.7 0 5 A3 36.1 72.2 4.9 R600 Butane CH3CH2CH2CH3 152.0 38.0 0 4 A3 -0.5 58.1 1.8 R600a Isobutane CH(CH3)2CH3 134.7 36.3 0 3 A3 -11.8 58.1 1.0 R290 Propane CH3CH2CH3 96.7 42.5 0 3 A3 -42.1 44.1 1.1 R1270 Propene CH3CH=CH2 91.1 45.6 0 2 A3 -47.6 42.1 1.0

CF6 Novec 649j Dodecafluoro-2-methyl-3-pentanone CF3CF2C(O)CF(CF3)2 168.7 18.8 0 <1 n.a. 49.0 316.0 6.8 Ether E170 Dimethyl ether CH3OCH3 127.2 53.4 0 1 A3 -24.8 46.1 39.0

Natural R718 Water H2O 373.9 220.6 0 0 A1 100.0 18.0 5.6k R717 Ammonia NH3 132.3 113.3 0 0 B2L -33.3 17.0 27 R744 Carbon dioxide CO2 31.0 73.8 0 1 A1 -78.5 44.0 1.0

Refrigerants selected for investigation in this study

[email protected]

Conclusions • More than 20 industrial HTHPs identified on the market with heat supply

temperatures > 90°C. A few HTHPs exceed 120°C (using R245fa or R365mfc) • COPs range between 1.6 and 5.8 with a temperature lift of 130 to 25 K (40

to 60% 2nd Law efficiency) • Application potentials in industrial waste heat recovery (e.g. drying &

sterilization processes, papermaking, food preparation) • Several R&D projects on an international level (COPs in the range of 5.7 to

6.5 at 30 K temperature lift, 2.2 to 2.8 at 70 K, max. 160°C) • Research trend towards testing

– natural refrigerants (e.g. R718, R744), – hydrocarbons (e.g. R600, R601) – and synthetic HFOs (e.g. R1336mzz(Z), R1234ze(Z), R1233zd(E), and R1224yd(Z))

with low GWP (< 10) [email protected] 26

43

NCC Ost

NürnbergMesse, Arbeitstitel, Datum


Industrial Heat pumps in District Heating Denmark Lars Reinholdt

The Danish Energy system > Renewable energy

New agreement on energy June 2018 supported by all parties in parliament, incl. By 2050 Overall goal: Nett 100% CO2 neutral By 2030 (in 11 years…) + 100% Renewable energy based power supply 100% phased out coal in power poroduction < 10% fossil fuel based district heat

65% of all Danish dwellings are heated by district heat Large part of the solution expected to be Electrical Heat Pumps Larger share of waste heat

44

Realized Industrial Heat pumps in Denmark

Survey for IEA HPT Annex 48:

Data on Total 77 120 MW (2007 – 2018)

Industrial energy recovery 11 8.7 MW District Heating 66 111 MW

Waste heat Environmental sources

Heat pumps at Bjerringbro Energy central, Denmark

45

Danish “Playbook” (guideline) For large heat pump projects in district heating system

Produced for Danish Energy Protection Agency (EPA) + Green Energy (Danish District Heating)

Content 1. Good reasons to establish collective heat pumps in district heating 2. What heat sources are available? 3. Heat Pump types 4. Regulatory approval 5. Economic conditions and markets 6. Economy 7. Guidance to spreadsheet for simple heat pump calculations 8. Tariffs and organizational conditions 9. Supply and selection of supplier 10. Test of performance / delivery References

46

Danish R&D project on heat pumps and their implementaion in district heating systems EnergyLab Nordhavn: New urban energy infrastructure A Smart City Energy Lab

energylabnordhavn.weebly.com/ 47

http://energylabnordhavn.weebly.com/











Conclusion

The Danish energy system is transforming from fossil fuel to electrical power: Electrical heat pumps expected to have a major role in the district heating

The transition process is supported by Guide lines incl. cases Simple calculation tools to make the first estimations

Total cost analysis shows little economic of scale impact high share of other cost than the heat pump it self

Right implementation has to be chosen System COP (COSP) can be much lower than COP of the heat pump

Some relevant Danish R&D project in the field of heat pumps and their implementation was presented

48

2016

0405

/HN

R: V

1.0

Industrial Heat Pump System

Chillventa Congress 15th October 2018

Heat Pumping Technologies for Commercial and

Industrial Applications

50

© 2018 - Viking Heat Engines Germany GmbH – Andre Bechem – Chillventa Congress 15th October 2018

CORE TECHNOLOGY

CraftEngine™ Creating valuable electricity from waste heat

HeatBooster Creating valuable process heat from waste heat

ORC-System and high temperature heat pump using the same core technology

51


THE TESTBED IN REMSCHEID FOR ORC-SYSTEMS AND HEAT PUMPS

• Designed and built to automotive standards

• 6 independent test beds

• Heat source up to 250°C and 1 MW thermal

• Heat sink up to 1,2 MW thermal

• AVL Puma control and automation system,

allows 24/7 operation with up to 1000

measurement channels

• High speed pressure measurement incl. in-

cylinder pressure

• Possible to measure key parameters such as:

pressure, temperature, flow rate, viscosity,

vibrations, etc.

52


SUMMARY OF THE HEATBOOSTER

• Products: Compressors and complete heat pumps

• Maximum heat source temperature up to 120°C

• Maximum heat sink temperature up to 160°C

• Scalable: 50 to 4,000 kW (in the near future even up to 20 MW)

• Integration: Plug-and-play (hot water or steam)

• Service life: Up to 20 years

• Maintenance: Less than once a year, monitored 24/7

• Quality: CE approved, ISO certificated suppliers

• The first three HeatBooster will be installed in the end of this year

NürnbergMesse, Annex 48 - Task 3, 15.10.2018 Dr. Anna S. Wallerand, [email protected]; [email protected] 53

IEA Industrial Heat Pump Annex 48 – Task 3

“Application of existing models”

mailto:[email protected]


NürnbergMesse, Annex 48 - Task 3, 15.10.2018 Dr. Anna S. Wallerand, [email protected]; [email protected]

Task 3

54

Introduction Task 3 – overview Task 3 – key outcome Conclusions

“Application of existing models”

Structure

(1) Theoretical principles (concise)

(2) Overview of various tools

(3) Guidelines

(4) Case-study with insights




Task 3 – theoretical principles

55


Pinch analysis[1]

• Methods developed in the 1980ies • Systematic approach to increase

heat recovery in industry • Decomposition of process into set

of heating and cooling requirements (= streams)

[1] Linnhoff and Flower 1978




Conclusions

56


[1] Becker, These, 2018

• Summary from Annex 35 Task 2: dissemination & clarification

• Theoretical background: Pinch analysis is powerful

• Tools: comprehensive overview, three categories of tools

• Set of guidelines

• Case study: guide step-by-step, use of tools



NürnbergMesse, Annex 48 - Task 3, 15.10.2018 Dr. Anna S. Wallerand, [email protected]; [email protected] 57

NCC Ost




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