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CHINA
This supplement was brought to you by The Post in association
with the Chinese Embassy in DenmarkPUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2015
GIVE YOUR CAREER A BOOST
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www.cbs.asp
President and Publisher: Ejvind Sandal ● Editor: David Nothling ● Layout: Lyndsay Jensen ● Commercial Director: Hans Hermansen, [email protected],
Tel: +45 2420 2411 ● Picture credit for images: iStock & The Chinese Embassy
Over the past 66 years, based on its na-
tional conditions, through painstaking ex-
ploration, China has implemented reform
and opening up, and as such has made
remarkable economic and social progress.
It is now the world’s second largest econ-
omy. Its national strength has been signif-
icantly enhanced. Its people’s lives have
been dramatically improved, as the nation
achieved two historic leaps from poverty to
adequate clothing and food, and then to a
fairly comfortable life.
Over the past 66 years, by adhering to an
independent foreign policy of peace, stick-
ing to the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-
existence and pursuing a win-win strategy
of opening up, China has taken concrete
actions to serve world peace, common de-
velopment, global multi-polarisation, eco-
nomic globalisation and democratisation
of international relations.
At present, the Chinese people are working
hard with confidence to secure the grand
goal of building a moderately prosperous
society by 2020. Despite a global slow-
down, in the first half of this year, China,
with an economic growth rate of seven
percent, remained in the leading position
among the world’s major economies, and
contributed around 30 percent to world
economic growth. China’s development not
only energised the steady recovery of the
world economy, but also brought about
new opportunities for the growth of other
countries.
To modernise the world’s largest develop-
ing country with 1.3 billion people, there is
no precedent in human history. Adhering
to a unique path of development that suits
its national conditions, China will compre-
hensively deepen its reform and implement
innovation-driven strategy so as to main-
tain high-speed economic growth, achieve
medium-to-high level of development and
work for the realisation of the Chinese
dream of national prosperity, national re-
juvenation and people’s wellbeing.
China will stick to the road of win-win
peaceful development and mutual bene-
fit. The Chinese people always believe that
peace is precious and harmony lies in diver-
sity. Together with the people in Denmark,
and other parts of the world, the Chinese
people are willing to promote exchanges
and mutual learning, share development
opportunities, vigorously promote bal-
anced, inclusive, green and sustainable de-
velopment foster a community of common
interests and development, build a new
type of international relations of win-win
Cooperation, and jointly create a brighter
future.
MESSAGE BY LIU BIWEI AMBASSADOR OF CHINA TO DENMARK
On October 1, 1949, the new China was founded. The ancient Chinese nation ushered in a brand new, bright future.
Peace is an eternal theme of mankind, and is also a goal that we
all strive to attain. This year marks the 70th anniversary of the
end of the World’s Anti-Fascist War and the victory of the Chinese
People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. China
will join countries across the world in commemorating this unfor-
gettable episode of history and opposing rhetorics and actions that
glorify aggression, to make sure that war will not recur and peace
will be everlasting.
PROMOTING PEACEFUL DEVELOPMENT Seventy years on, even as China focuses on developing itself, the
country has never allowed itself to ignore its due international re-
sponsibilities. Both internationally and regionally, it has played a
constructive role in maintaining peace, promoting development,
and safeguarding and improving post-war international order.
China’s foreign policy has been imbued with the letter and spirit of
the UN Charter. The country has been committed to internation-
al peace, security and cooperation. We jointly proposed the Five
Principles of Peaceful Coexistence with India and Myanmar, which
reflect the spirit of the UN Charter. These principles have since be-
come widely recognised norms governing international relations.
We consistently stand for peaceful settlement of international dis-
putes and equality of countries irrespective of size. We oppose will-
ful use of force and reject power politics and zero-sum game. We
are dedicated to fostering a new pattern of state-to-state relations
with win-win cooperation as the core, and based on partnership
instead of alliance and cooperation rather than confrontation.
We have also taken an extensive part in the settlement of global
hotspot issues. Decades ago, we actively advanced the Indochina
peace process, called for and realised the peaceful settlement of
the Cambodian issue and initiated the Six-Party Talks for denu-
clearisation of the Korean Peninsula. Now, we are actively pro-
moting political dialogue processes for hotspot issues from the
Iranian nuclear issue, Ukraine, to the Middle East and South Su-
dan. And we get deeply involved in international cooperation in
counter-terrorism, anti-drug trafficking, cyber security and climate
change.
GLOBAL MULTILATERAL TRADE HONOURED Since the founding of New China, we have concluded over 23,000
bilateral treaties and agreements, acceded to over 400 multilat-
eral treaties and almost all inter-governmental organisations and
honoured our due obligations. Since its accession to the WTO, Chi-
na has worked to push forward multilateral trade talks and pro-
mote a range of bilateral and multilateral free trade arrangements
in a devoted effort to advance international trade liberalisation.
China’s foreign policy: Participant, facilitator and contributor.
4
CHINA’S ROLE IN GLOBAL AND REGIONAL ORDER
ADVOCATING MUTUAL LEARNING BETWEEN CIVILIZATIONS We have established people-to-people ex-
change mechanisms with the United States,
Russia, the UK, France, the EU and Indone-
sia, among others, and initiated the World
Cultural Forum (Taihu, China) to promote
exchanges and mutual learning between
different ethnic groups, cultures and reli-
gions, to increase mutual understanding
and encourage respect for differences and
harmonious coexistence.
Development is the bedrock of peace. Chi-
na has contributed enormously to world
peace and stability through its own eco-
nomic development. It is estimated that
China has consistently served as one of
the main drivers of the global economy
in the past 30 years, becoming the largest
contributor to global growth since the in-
ternational financial crisis. China, a strong
and dynamic locomotive, is fueling the de-
velopment of many other countries, thus
creating a more favorable environment
and laying a more solid foundation for the
noble cause of peace.
The past 70 years has seen a much
changed world and rapidly shifting inter-
national landscape and balance of power.
No doubt, a fast-growing China committed
to socialism with Chinese characteristics is
becoming an important factor for world
development. Not surprisingly, China’s for-
eign policy has attracted much internation-
al attention, and has given rise to various
interpretation, speculation, and sometimes
even misunderstanding. Here I wish to say
to you on record that China will always be
a participant in the international order, not
challenger; a facilitator, not trouble-maker;
and a contributor, not a “free-rider”. This
was, is and will be the case in the future.
Taken from excerpts of a Speech by H.E. Wang Yi,
Minister of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of
China at the 4th World Peace Forum.
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More than 500 pupils learn the Chinese languageNiels Steensens Gymnasium (NSG) is a private school with 600 pupils from 6th grade through High School.
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Being a Jesuit school we seek to develop the gifts and talents of each pupil and lay the foundations for life-long learning.
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NSG provides a range of extra-curricular activities which pro-mote the physical, creative, and intellectual development of pu-pils.
International profileThe international dimension is an important part of Niels Steens-ens Gymnasium. Pupils experience the international dimension through the curriculum as well as through interaction with the many teachers, staff and pupils who originate from different countries and cultures. Furthermore, exchange programmes, of-fered by the school with NSG’s many partner schools in Germa-ny, Great Britain, France and USA, work to enhance the opportu-nities for development in the international sphere for our pupils.
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Chinese at NSGIn order to provide the students with the best qualifications for the future, we provide Chinese teaching to all pupils in our secondary school.
The NSG High School section offers the Chinese language both at a basic, and at advanced level. Additionally, in cooperation with the Confucius Institute at Copenhagen Business School (CBS), NSG offers a course that includes Chinese A, Social Science A and Mathematics B togeth-er with an associated exchange program with The High School Affiliated with Renmin University in Beijing.
Training and education at NSG take place in Danish. How-ever, NSG has considerable experience in teaching students of non-Danish origin.
High academic standards
Christian values
International profile
On 28th March 2015, the National Devel-
opment and Reform Commission, the Min-
istry of Foreign Affairs, and the Ministry
of Commerce of the People’s Republic of
China jointly issued the Vision and Actions
on jointly building the Silk Road Economic
Belt and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road,
marking the official launch of the Belt and
Road Initiative.
Complex and profound changes are taking
place in the world. The underlying impact
of the international financial crisis keeps
emerging; the world economy is recovering
slowly, and global development is uneven.
The international trade and investment
landscape and rules for multilateral trade
and investment are undergoing major ad-
justments; and countries still face big chal-
lenges to their development.
The Belt and Road Initiative is in line with
the purposes and principles of the UN
Charter and the Five Principles of Peaceful
Coexistence. They are open, harmonious,
inclusive and mutually beneficial, and fol-
low market operation.
The Silk Road Economic Belt focuses on
bringing together China, Central Asia, Rus-
sia and Europe (the Baltic). Linking China
with the Persian Gulf and the Mediterra-
nean Sea through Central Asia and West
Asia; and connecting China with Southeast
Asia, South Asia and the Indian Ocean. The
21st-Century Maritime Silk Road is designed
to go from China’s coast to Europe through
the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean
in one direction, and from China’s coast
through the South China Sea to the South
Pacific in the other.
KEY AREAS OF COOPERATION The initiative highlights the following key
areas of cooperation:
Policy coordination: Enhancing policy coordination is an impor-
tant guarantee for implementing the initi-
ative. Countries along the Belt and Road
may fully coordinate their economic devel-
opment strategies and policies, work out
plans and measures for regional coopera-
tion, negotiate to solve cooperation-relat-
ed issues, and jointly provide policy support
for the implementation of practical cooper-
ation and large-scale projects.
Facilities connectivity: Facilities connectivity is a priority area
for implementing the initiative. Countries
along the Belt and Road should improve
the connectivity of their infrastructure con-
struction plans and technical standard sys-
tems, jointly push forward the construction
of international trunk passageways, and
form an infrastructure network connecting
all sub-regions in Asia, and between Asia,
Europe and Africa step by step.
Unimpeded trade: Investment and trade cooperation is a ma-
Key points of the vision and actions on the Economic Belt and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road.
BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE: BUILDING THE SILK ROAD
6
jor task in building the Belt and Road. It should strive to im-
prove investment and trade facilitation, and remove invest-
ment and trade barriers for the creation of a sound business
environment within the region and in all related countries.
Financial integration: Financial integration is an important underpinning for
implementing the Belt and Road Initiative. The initiative
should deepen financial cooperation, and make more ef-
forts in building a currency stability system, investment and
financing system and credit information system in Asia.
People-to-people bonds:
People-to-people bonds provides public support for imple-
menting the initiative. Through the initiative, China will pro-
mote extensive cultural and academic exchanges, person-
nel exchanges and cooperation, media cooperation, youth
and women exchanges and volunteer services, so as to win
public support for deepening bilateral and multilateral co-
operation.
COOPERATION MECHANISMS The Belt and Road Initiative will enhance the role of mul-
tilateral cooperation mechanisms, and make full use of
existing mechanisms such as; the Shanghai Cooperation
Organization (SCO), ASEAN Plus China (10+1), Asia-Pa-
cific Economic Cooperation (APEC), Asia-Europe Meeting
(ASEM), Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD), Conference
on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia
(CICA), China-Arab States Cooperation Forum (CASCF),
China-Gulf Cooperation Council Strategic Dialogue, Great-
er Mekong Sub-region (GMS) Economic Cooperation, and
Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC). This
will strengthen communication with relevant countries, and
attract more countries and regions to participate in the Belt
and Road Initiative.
In advancing the Belt and Road Initiative, China will fully
leverage the comparative advantages of its various regions,
adopt a proactive strategy of further opening-up, strength-
en interaction and cooperation among the eastern, western
and central regions. In turn, this will comprehensively im-
prove the openness of the Chinese economy.
For more than a year, the Chinese government has been actively
promoting the building of the Belt and Road, enhancing communi-
cation and consultation and advancing practical cooperation with
countries along the Belt and Road, and introduced a series of poli-
cies and measures for early outcomes.
EMBRACING A BRIGHTER FUTURE TOGETHER As long as all countries along the Belt and Road make concerted
efforts to pursue our common goal, there will be bright prospects for
the Belt and Road, and the people of countries along the Belt and
Road can all benefit from this Initiative.
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The People’s Republic of China is a unit-
ed multi-ethnic country created through
the joined efforts of the peoples of all the
ethnic groups in China, with a total of 56
ethnic groups. The ethnic population is 114
million, accounting for 8.49% of the total
population in China. China has five pro-
vincial ethnic autonomous regions (Inner
Mongolia Autonomous Region, Guangxi
Zhuang Autonomous Region, Tibet Auton-
omous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous
Region and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region), 30 autonomous prefectures, and
120 autonomous counties. The Chinese
government has over the past years, con-
stantly improved the regional autono-
my system, and strengthened legal work
concerning ethnic affairs. In 2005, China’s
State Council formally issued the imple-
mentation of National Regional Autono-
my Law of the People’s Republic of China.
Now, more than 700 self-reliant, separate
and modification or amendment statues
have been put in place in ethnic autono-
mous regions and areas, which guaranteed
ethnic people’s administrative rights in
autonomous regions. Ethnic groups have
further enhanced their rights to manage in-
ternal affairs, to use and develop their own
languages, while their rights in ethnic cus-
toms and religious beliefs have also been
further ensured.
Based on the reality of ethnic regions, with
an approach that combines government
backup, support from developed areas,
and self-reliant of the ethnic regions, the
Chinese government has enacted special
project planning. This includes, support for
sparsely-populated ethnic groups, devel-
opment of ethnic culture, bringing pros-
perity to border areas. In sum, these plans
range from important measures, covering
the entire ethnic ares to special measures
for specialised areas or groups. Regional
infrastructure are generally improved, ur-
ban and rural areas take on a whole new
look. Since 2006, GDP and fiscal revenue
have scored double-digit growth; historic
leap-forward has been made in economic
and social development.
At present, the public cultural service sys-
tem has primarily taken root in ethnic ar-
eas in China, with more than 90% of the
population covered by radio and television
stations. The cultural units per million peo-
ple are higher than the average level of
the country. Ethnic traditional cultures are
effectively preserved and promoted. By
2014, there have been more than one mil-
lion primary schools and 1.2 million middle
schools in autonomous regions. The nine-
year compulsory education programme
is available for children of most ethnic
groups.
Over the long course of history, the ethnic
groups in China have grown into a single
community that responds to each and
every challenge under the single name of
the Chinese nation. Tibet has been a part
of China’s territory since ancient times, and
the Tibetans have been one communal
CHINA’S ETHNIC POLICY
8
member of the Chinese nation. The destiny
of Tibet has always been closely connected
with the destiny of the great motherland
and the Chinese nation.
Down through the ages, the Tibetan peo-
ple have created a brilliant history and
culture, and contributed to the enrichment
and development of Chinese overall histo-
ry and culture. However, the social system
of Tibet remained one of theocratic feudal
serfdom until the mid-20th century, with an
economy that was extremely underdevel-
oped, and a society that was conservative,
closed and backward.
Tibet first began to embrace modern civili-
sation only after the People’s Republic was
founded in 1949. Having gone through such
important phases as peaceful liberation,
democratic reform, establishment of the
Tibet Autonomous Region, and introduc-
tion of reform and opening up, Tibet has
not only established a new social system,
but also witnessed great historical leap for-
ward in its economy and embarked on the
path of socialism with Chinese character-
istics.
Now, the Tibet Autonomous Region has 21
deputies to the National People’s Congress,
including 14 from the Tibetan and other eth-
nic minorities. There have been substantial
improvements in the quality of life for the
people in Tibet. In 2014, the Gross Regional
Product of Tibet reached RMB 92.5 billion;
the per-capita net income of farmers and
herdsmen was RMB 7471. The overwhelm-
ing majority of Tibetans have now shak-
en off poverty that had dogged them for
centuries to enjoy a relatively comfortable
life. People in Tibet enjoy full freedom of
religious belief. Currently, Tibet has 1787
sites for different religious activities, over
46000 resident monks and nuns, and 358
living Buddhas. The outstanding tradition-
al Tibetan culture has been preserved and
handed down. Currently, Tibet has 4277
cultural relic sites, including 55 key cultural
heritage sites under state protection. Tibet
has 76 items listed as state-class intangible cultural heritage items as well. Thanks to concerted efforts made by all parties con-cerned, great progress has been made in Tibet’s ecological improvement. Current-ly, its nature reserves, which amount to 413700 sq km, or 33.9% of the total land area of the region, lead the whole coun-try. Its forest coverage rate reaches as high as 11.91%, and the region tops the whole country in total growing wood stock. Ti-bet boasts six million hectares of wetlands, leading all the other areas of China. All the region’s 125 species of wild animals and 39 wild plants under state protection are well cared for in the established nature reserves.
Tibet’s tremendous progress in its devel-opment serves as a piece of miniature of China’s achievements in ethnic policy de-velopment. The great unity of all the ethnic minorities in China are the life, the strength and the hope rooted in the nation, and will promote all the ethnic groups more united to struggle, and to write a new chapter of overall prosperity and development.
9
In 2004, the Tenth National People’s Con-
gress passed a Constitutional Amend-
ment, which clearly stated that “the State
respects and protects human rights”. The
human rights concept was thus upgraded
to a legal matter from a political concept.
As such, the articulation of human rights in
the Constitution of the People’s Republic of
China started a new era of promoting and
protection human rights in China.
In 2014, the 18th Central Committee of the
Communist Party of China (CPC) set out at
its fourth plenary session, the strategy for
governing the country in accordance with
law. It was the CPC’s first plenary session
about governing the country in accordance
with law, and marked a new chapter and
a greater height for law-based governance
in China. “Law is the yardstick for measur-
ing all things under heaven.” In the past ten
years, remarkable progress has been made
in protecting human rights and promoting
democracy in China.
10 YEARS OF IMPROVED HUMAN RIGHTS Since 1994, the living standards of Chinese
people have been substantially improved.
“People are the basis of a country. The
country will be in a peaceful state when its
basis is solid.” China has become the sec-
ond largest economy in the world, and the
subsistence concerns of the 1.3 billion Chi-
nese people have been solved. China is the
first country to successfully achieve the UN
Millennium Development Goal to reduce
impoverished population by half and has
made a great contribution to the world’s
poverty reduction efforts. China provides
jobs for 770 million people as well as nine-
year compulsory education for all. The
world’s largest medical insurance system
and social security system have been basi-
cally established. The Chinese people cher-
ish a centuries-old dream of “education,
employment, medical service and old-age
care for all.” Now this dream is becoming
a reality.
Democracy and rule of law continues to
make steady progress too. “If the laws
are enforced, the country is in order.” Now
people enjoy more freedom and demo-
PROGRESS IN CHINA’S HUMAN RIGHTS
Steady gains made, as China becomes an advocate for global human rights.
10
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cratic rights according to law. The protec-
tion of human rights in the judicial domain
has also made significant headway and a
socialist legal system with Chinese charac-
teristics has been set up.
INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS CHAMPION In addition to promoting human rights at
home, China has also actively promoted
development of human rights on inter-
national stage. China is deeply engaged
in global human rights cooperation and
governance, and promotes the sound de-
velopment of international human rights
institutions. The country takes seriously its
international human rights obligations and
receives Universal Periodic Reviews and re-
views of its implementation of internation-
al human rights conventions, and engages
in human rights dialogues and exchanges
with nearly 40 countries, and carries out
practical collaborations with UN human
rights institutions.
China pursues a path of human rights de-
velopment with Chinese characteristics
and combines its own situation with the
principle of universality of human rights.
There is no one-size-fits-all development
model in the world, neither is there a path
of development that never changes. Every
country may find its own way of govern-
ance. The same is true for the development
of human rights. Human rights are closely
related to the values, cultural traditions as
well as political and economic systems of
a country. Thus the ways to protect human
rights vary. “It is only natural for things to
be different.” The human rights cause is an
important and integral part of China’s eco-
nomic and social development. It should
and can only be pushed forward in accord-
ance with China’s own situation and needs
of the Chinese people.
9
CHINA’S HIGH SPEED RAILWAY
The development of China’s high speed
railway has been a life-changing achieve-
ment that has benefited hundreds of mil-
lions of people in China.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BULLET TRAIN China started rather late in developing its
high speed railway network, compared
with western countries. The first bullet
train was in operation as early as in 1964
when Japan launched its Shinkansen, the
first high speed railway in the world. In
the following years, France (1981), Ger-
many (1991), Spain (1991), Italy (1992) and
Belgium (1997) introduced their first high
speed railway respectively. The idea of
building China’s high speed railway was
first put forward in China’s “Mid-to-Long
Term Railway Plan” in 2004, and devel-
oped in a revised one in 2008, which laid
the framework for the ambitious effort. On
August 1, 2008, the Beijing-Tianjin intercity
railway, the first ever high speed railway in
China was in service, capable of carrying
bullet trains travelling at 350km/h. Within
six years, China has developed into a na-
tion with the longest, fastest and the most
comprehensive and integrated high speed
rail network that connects more than 100
cities.
Up to the end of June 2015, China’s high
speed railway network covers 17,000 km
of track in service, far exceeding that in
any other country and larger than the
high-speed railway network in the entire
European Union, and also includes the
world’s longest line, the 2,298 km Beijing–
Guangzhou High-Speed Railway. The rapid
development in such a large scale has been
supported by the densely populated city
centers in China, and increasing number of
affluent consumers with growing purchas-
ing power. As well as traffic congestion on
other travel modes such as aviation due
to higher demand of long-distance travel
within China. In addition, factors such as
low construction cost, benign development
environment and strong government sup-
port also contributed to this quasi-miracle
development.
CHANGING THE WORLD OF HIGH SPEED TRAVEL The emergence of a high speed railway
network has gradually changed the way of
travelling for many Chinese people. More
and more people prefer to travel by bullet
The epitome of the country’s rapid economic development and success.
12
trains than by normal ones or by air, due to
shorter travelling time, easier access, and
punctuality. For instance, the travelling
time between Beijing and Shanghai on rail
track has been reduced by half to around
five hours, and travel by bullet trains has
exempted the travelers from long waiting
hours and possible delays at the airport.
In the first half of 2015, daily ridership of
high speed railway service has increased
from around 240,000 when the service
was first introduced to more than 2.4 mil-
lion, a ten-fold increase, and accounted for
close to 40% of daily railway ridership. It
is foreseeable that when the planned four
north-south HSR corridors and four east-
west HSR corridors are completed, millions
more will travel on high-speed trains in
China’s hinterland.
As the network has been extending, China
has gained expertise in high-speed railway
construction and management since it was
the only nation in the world that had car-
ried out large and complicated railway pro-
jects over the past decade, some of which
were in harsh environments such as the
high-altitude Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and
in bitterly cold Northeast China. Besides,
though China imported high-speed trains
or built them under technology transfer
agreements with foreign train-makers at
the beginning, Chinese engineers are now
able to build indigenous high-speed trains
that can reach operational speeds of up to
380 km/h.
China is now looking outwards and helping
other countries with its expertise in high-
speed railway technologies, and is seeking
to expand its cooperation with other coun-
tries all around the world which have plans
to develop their own high speed railways,
and ready to bring the life-changing tech-
nologies to more people on the planet.
13
On 31 July 2015, at the 185th IOC Session
in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, the President
of the IOC, Thomas Bach, announced that
the 2022 Winter Olympics were awarded
to Beijing.
The 2022 Winter Olympic Games will be
held in Beijing, which will lead 300 million
Chinese people, especially teenagers, to
participate in winter sports in various ways,
and promote the development of winter
sports in China, the world’s most populous
nation. The Winter Olympic Games will
also help to effectively spread positive and
healthy lifestyles, improve people’s phy-
sique, establish a healthy China, and better
realise people’s dreams on pursuing a good
life. At the same time, it will further expand
the coverage of winter games, and bring
new opportunities for the vigorous devel-
opment of Olympic Movement and winter
sports industries worldwide.
Beijing’s bidding process of the 2022 Win-
ter Olympic showed the value of promoting
A winter rendezvous with joy and passion, like only China can provide.
14
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with the national strategy of the integrated and coordinated
development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region being carried
out by the Chinese government, pushed forward the integra-
tion of traffic, environmental management and industries,
promoted tourism, and increased employment.
To present a fantastic, extraordinary and excellent Winter
Olympics is the aspiration of over 1.3 billion Chinese people,
as well as the commitment made by Chinese people to the
whole world. China enjoys political stability, economic pros-
perity and social harmony. As a responsible country, China
will always be trustworthy in word and resolute in deed, will
fulfill all the commitments, to give full support to host the
2022 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games, and provide
guarantees on finance, law, medical treatment, security, or-
ganization, operation, and others. China will witness, together
with the people of all countries and the IOC, the advent of a
new phase in the development of the Olympic winter sports
and in the spread of the Olympic spirit. Chinese government
and people will implement in good faith the Olympic Agen-
da 2020, create a new record for the same city to host both
the Summer Olympic Games and Winter Olympic Games, and
make new contributions to the promotion of the Olympic spir-
it.
With “pure ice and snow”, Beijing will invite friends from all
over the world to a “winter rendezvous with joy and passion”
at the foot of the Great Wall, upon the traditional Chinese
Spring Festival of 2022.
The special exhibition, The First Emperor -
China’s Terracotta Army, kicked off at the
Moesgaard Museum on the outskirts of
Aarhus on 1 April 2015, and will run until 30
September 2015. Her Majesty the Queen
Margrethe II and His Royal Highness the
Prince Consort attended the opening cer-
emony, while Chinese president Xi Jinping
sent a message to Her Majesty Queen
congratulating upon the inauguration of
the exhibition.
CELEBRATING SINO-DANISH RELATIONS This exhibition is a part of a series of cul-
tural celebrations to commemorate the
65th anniversary of the establishment of
the diplomatic relationship between the
People’s Republic of China and the King-
dom of Denmark. It serves as a wonderful
example of cooperation between muse-
ums of China and Denmark. 120 pieces of
cultural relics from Qin and Han Dynasties
are on display, among which are 10 pieces
of large terracotta in the form of soldiers,
civil servants and horses. They were pro-
vided by 10 museums from Shaanxi prov-
ince. The preparation of this exhibition took
over three years. The Chinese and Danish
specialists have worked together to design
and setup the exhibition. Since its opening,
this exhibition has attracted a large num-
ber of visitors from Denmark and abroad.
According to the statistics, up to the be-
ginning of this September, there are over
280,000 visitors to the exhibition, which is
much higher than the expectations.
A special exhibition at Moesgaard Museum, not to be missed!
16
THE FIRST EMPEROR - TERRACOTTA ARMY EXHIBITION
Emperor Qin Shihuang (259 B.C.- 210 B.C.) was the first em-
peror of a united China. He subjugated the rival states to es-
tablish the Qin dynasty in 221 B.C. In order to consolidate the
nascent empire, he reformed the politics, economy and cul-
ture, and indeed had a profound influence on Chinese society.
The mausoleum of Emperor Qin Shihuang, located at the
east of Xi’an city, Shaanxi Province of China, is unparalleled
among Chinese imperial tombs in terms of its size and mag-
nificence. The construction of the mausoleum lasted about 40
years, and involved over 700,000 labourers. The mausoleum
complex covers an area of 56.25 sq km. Modern surveys of
the site show that the mausoleum is composed of the under-
ground chamber, a tomb mound, walls, gates, attendant pits
and tombs, accessory buildings, and a funerary city. The ter-
racotta army was excavated from three of the attendant pits
which cover an area of over 20,000 sq meters and contain
approximately 8,000 life-sized terracotta warriors and hors-
es. They were made to protect the emperor in his afterlife. In
1987, UNESCO added the mausoleum of the First Emperor to
the list of World Heritages.
As large-scale sculpture, the terracotta figures display real-
istic images of Qin warriors and reflect the aesthetic taste of
the time. Originally the figures were painted in bright colours,
but while standing guard underground for over two thousand
years, most of the paint has faded and worn off and now only
traces of paint can be seen on some of the statues.
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Shaanxi lies in the geographical center of
China, spanning an area of 205,800 km. It
has a population of 37.62 million, ranking
16th nationwide. Shaanxi has 13 cities under
its jurisdiction, including its capital Xi’an.
Located along the middle reaches of the
Yellow River, Shaanxi serves as a hub that
connects eastern and central China, north-
western and southwestern China. The
shape of the province is long from north to
south and narrow from west to east. Qinling
Mountain runs across the province, dividing
it into three regions, the Loess Plateau in
the north, Guanzhong Plain in the middle
and Shaannan Region in the south.
CRADLE OF CHINESE CIVILIASATIONShaanxi Province is one of the most impor-
tant cradles of Chinese archaic humans and
the Chinese civilisation. Shaanxi served as
the capital city of 13 dynasties in Chinese
history for total a period of 1,072 years.
Shaanxi is one of the first Chinese regions
to be open to the outsides world. Chang’an
(the ancient name of Shaanxi’s current cap-
ital city, Xi’an) is the starting point of the an-
cient “Silk Road”. Since Han Dynasty (202
BC-220 AD), Chang’an has been serving as
the center of China’s political, economic and
cultural exchanges with other Asian and Eu-
ropean countries.
ECONOMY ON THE RISESince the Reform and Opening up, espe-
cially the implementation of Western De-
velopment policies, Shaanxi Province has
achieved sound and rapid economic devel-
opment, with its GDP ranking rising from 21st
to 16th in China and annual GDP growth rate
reaching 12.8%. In 2014, its GDP was 1.7689
trillion RMB.
Shaanxi has an urbanisation rate of 50.2%.
We are actively promoting the synchronised
development of industrialisation, IT applica-
tion, urbanisation and agricultural modern-
isation. 31 key demonstration towns have
been identified to drive the urbanisation
process, combined with population reloca-
tion, restructuring of towns and encourag-
ing farmers to move into cities.
Shaanxi has a well-developed transport
system. Baotou-Xi’an Railway and Baot-
ou-Maoming Highway run across the
province from north to south and Lian-
yungang-Lanzhou Railway and Lianyun-
gang-Horgos Highway extend from west to
east. The bullet train system makes it pos-
sible to travel from Xi’an to Beijing in five
hours and to Guangzhou in eight hours. The
highway network crisscrosses the province
DISCOVER SHAANXI PROVINCEFrom its ancient wonders to bustling cities, Shaanxi Province is worth a visit.
18
with a total mileage of 4,360 kilometers. A
civil airline network has taken shape with
Xi’an in the center, Yan’an, Yulin, Hanzhong,
Ankang city in four directions.
A TOURIST’S DELIGHTShaanxi adopts the strategy of driving the
development of the cultural industry with
key programmes. It is home to 221 muse-
ums, 114 public libraries and 10 state-level
cultural demonstration bases. Shaanxi ac-
tively promotes heritage site protection,
and nine sites have been enlisted as world
cultural heritages.
Shaanxi offers a variety of choices for tour-
ists. Xi’an features historical and cultural
attractions, including the ancient city wall,
Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses and
historical museums. Xianyang City boasts
the mausoleums of ancient emperors. The
Yellow River scenic tour, featuring Hukou
Waterfall is the major attraction of Yan’an
City. Han Cheng City is typical of farming
and folk culture. Baoji City is best known
for its Western Zhou Dynasty culture epito-
mised by Temple of Duke Zhou and Bronze
Ware Museum. Buddhist attractions include
the Wild Goose Pagoda and Famen Tem-
ple. Hanzhong and Ankang provide a range
of beautiful scenic spots.19
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