China Debate Education Network

Introduction to British Parliamentary Debate

英国议会制辩论简介

翻译：曾庆熹

Introduction to BP Debate

• Procedures of BP Debate BP 辩论的比赛程序• BP debate format BP 辩论赛制

英国议会制辩论简介

Procedure for Each Debate

The Draw 对阵抽签

Motion For Debate 辩题

Preparation time 准备时间

Timing 计时规则

每场辩论的比赛程序

The Draw 对阵抽签

1st Gov 1st Opp 2nd Gov 2nd Opp Judge Room

Fudan A Peking B GU A GNU B LoganYang Ge

201

GNU A GU B Peking A GUFE B Li YongHuang Tingting

202

GUFE A SCUN A SCUN B Fudan B Chen YingHe Jing

203

反方上院正方上院 正方下院 反方下院 裁判 赛场

注：这一过程通常由计算机自动完成，无需辩手人工抽签。

Motion For Debate• A motion is a statement provided by the

Tournament Director that will become the subject of the debate. A motion is sometimes called a debate topic, a resolution, or a proposition.

• Examples– PRC should create wireless cities.– Israel should change its policies toward

Palestinians– Mohandas Gandhi was one of the world’s greatest

leaders

辩题• 辩题是一个命题，由大赛总监指定，是一

场辩论的对象，又常被称为“解决方案”或者“提议”。

• 举例– 中国应当建设无线城市– 以色列应改变其针对巴勒斯坦人的政策– 莫汉达 · 甘地是世界上最伟大的领袖之一

Preparation Time

• Each team has 15 – 30 minutes to prepare (depending on the tournament) after the announcement of the motion.

• Teams can consult printed materials but may not use the internet or computers.

• Teams cannot prepare with one another.• Teams cannot receive assistance from their

teacher or coach.

准备时间• 在发布辩题后，每个队都有 15-30 分钟（具

体取决于大赛的规定）准备时间。• 辩手可以参考书面印刷材料，但禁止使用

互联网或电脑。• 禁止参赛队之间互相讨论准备。• 禁止参赛队接受老师或教练等他人的指导

帮助。

Timing

7 minutes for each speech 每次发言七分钟

Protected Time: First and last minute 保护时间：首尾一分钟

A single knock on table or sounding of a bell announces protected time 一声铃响或敲桌为保护时间开始和结束的信号

double knock or bell signals the end of your speech. 双击铃响为发言时间到的信号

Your speeches will be timed by a timekeeper or by the judge 由计时员或裁判计时

计时

BP Debate Format

• Four Teams and Eight Speakers 四支队，八位辩手

• Speaker Roles and Responsibilities 辩手角色与职责

BP辩论赛制

The Four Teams and Eight Speakers

Deputy Leader of Opposition 副领袖

Deputy Prime Minister 副首相

1st Opposition Leader of Opposition

1st GovernmentPrime Minister

2nd Government Member of GovernmentGovernment Whip 正方党鞭

2nd Opposition Member of Opposition

Opposition Whip 反方党鞭

Upper House 上院

Lower House 下院

四队八人

正方首相

正方阁员

反方领袖

反方阁员

Points of Information

POI --- Point of Information

Who --- a member of an opposing team;

What --- comments, statement, question…;

How to offer --- by rising and extending hand

or by saying “on that point, Sir/Madam”

NO POI --- protected time (the first and the last minute);

Time --- 15 seconds or less

信息点（质询） POI --- 信息点（质询）

谁来质询 --- 陈词者对方的任一辩手 ;

质询内容 --- 评论 , 陈述 , 提问… ;

怎么质询 --- 举手示意

或者说 “质询”

禁止质询 --- 保护时间 ( 陈词者发言时间的首尾各一分钟 );

质询时长 --- 不超过 15 秒

Speaker Roles and Responsibilities辩手角色与职责

1st Speaker -- Prime Minister --- Defines and interprets the motion

Define ambiguous terms and Interpret the motion to make it

clear and debatable

--- Develops a case for the proposition in support of the motion

--- Case should consist of one or more arguments supporting the PM’s interpretation of the motion

--- Case must be prima facie—strong enough to be accepted on “its first face.”

Upper House上院

第一发言者——首相---定义和阐释辩题

定义那些模棱两可的概念。对辩题进行阐释，使它清晰和可辨。

--- 构建一套正方立论体系以支撑辩题

--- 这个体系由一个或多个论点组成，用以支撑首相对辩题的阐释。

--- 这个体系应当是“初步论证成立”的——它给人的“第一印象”是具有一定可信度的。

Upper House上院

2nd Speaker: Leader of Opposition

-- Refutes the case of the Government 反驳正方立论

-- Constructs one or more arguments against the Prime Minister’s interpretation of the motion. 建构一个或多个反方论点

第二发言者——反方领袖Upper House

上院

3rd Speaker -- Deputy Prime Minister

-- Refutes the arguments of the First Opposition 反驳反方论点

-- Rebuilds the case of the First Government 优化重组正方立论

-- Adds one or more new arguments to the case of the First Government可以为本方立论增加新论点

第三发言者——副首相Upper House

上院

4th Speaker – Deputy Leader of Opposition

--Continues refutation of the case of the 1st Government with emphasis on any new arguments introduced by the DPM继续反驳正方立论，特别是副首相引入的新论点。

-- Rebuilds arguments of the 1st Opposition. 优化重组反方领袖的论点。

-- Adds new arguments to the case of the 1st Opposition. 可以为本方立论增加新论点。

Upper House上院

第四发言者——反方副领袖

5th Speaker – Member of Government

--Defends the general direction and case of the 1st Government 大方向上防御正上的立论

-- Continues refutation of 1st opposition继续反驳对方

-- Develops a new argument that is different from but consitent with the case of the 1st Government (frequently called an extension)建立一些与正上立论方向一致但有区别的的新论点（常被称为“扩展”）

Lower House下院

第五发言者——正方阁员

6th Speaker – Member of Opposition

-- Very briefly defends the direction taken by the 1st Opposition非常简要地防御反上的立论

-- Very briefly continues general refutation of the 1st Government case非常简要地继续反驳正方上院立论

-- Provides more specific refutation of the the MG extension. 具体性反驳正方阁员

-- Develops an opposition extension. 建立反方扩展。

第六发言者——反方阁员

Lower House下院

7th Speaker – Government Whip

-- Summarizes the entire debate from the point of view of the Government从正方立场角度总结全场

-- Defends the general view point of both Government teams with a special eye toward the case of the 2nd Government. 总体上防御正方整体立论，聚焦突出正下论点

-- Does not provide new arguments. 禁止增加新论点

第七发言者——正方党鞭

Lower House下院

8th Speaker – Opposition Whip

-- Summarizes the entire debate from the point of view of the opposition从反方立场角度总结全场

-- Defends the general view point of both Opposition teams with a special eye toward the arguments of the Second Opposition team. 总体上防御反方整体立论，聚焦突出反下论点

-- Does not provide new arguments. 禁止增加新论点

Lower House下院

第八发言者——反方党鞭